Federalism, Civil Rights, And Civil Liberties

Front 1

Alexander Hamiltons view of federalism

Back 1

federal government is superior to state governments

Front 2

Permissive federalism is

Back 2

the national government allows state to make decisions

Front 3

Block grants

Back 3

$ from national government for programs in certain general areas that states can use at their descretion

Front 4

United States v. Morrison...

Back 4

attacks against women are not and do not substantially affect interstate commerce, so the Congress cannot constituitionally pass a law against guilty party.

Front 5

Explain how the US Supreme Court has recently supported state sovereignty and limited congressional use of the commerce power

United States v. Morrison p. 2

Back 5

supported state sovereinty by limiting congress use of power. By limiting said power, more power goes to state. State can theregfore make decisions independent of congress, at least have limited jurisdiction by congress.

Front 6

What are some examples of checks and balances in government

Back 6

judicial review; the legislative, executive, & judicial branches; presidential appointments to supreme court must be checked by senate

Front 7

Explain the confederation system

Back 7

states are sovereign & national government is only allowed to do what states permit it to do

Front 8

Explain the Federal system

Back 8

sovereignty is shared; federal government supreme in some matters, states supreme in some

Front 9

Explain the unitary system

Back 9

sovereinty is in the hands of the national government; states & localities dependent on its will

Front 10

referendum

Back 10

allows voters to reject a measure adopted by legislature

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initiative

Back 11

permits voters to put legislative measures directly on ballot

Front 12

recall

Back 12

voters can remove an elected official from office

Front 13

sovereignty

Back 13

supreme or ultimate political authority

Front 14

Plessy v. Ferguson

Back 14

upheld separate-but-equal facilities for white & black people on railroad cars

Front 15

Brown v. The Board of Education of Topeka

Back 15

said that separate public schools are inherently unequal, thus starting racial desegregration

Front 16

Roe v. Wade

Back 16

state laws against abortion were unconstitutional

Front 17

Griswold v. Connecticut

Back 17

found a "right to privacy" in the Constitution that would ban any state law against selling contraceptives

Front 18

gitlow v. NY

Back 18

supreme court says the First Ammendment applies to states

Front 19

Mapp v. Ohio

Back 19

evidence illegally gatehred by the police may not be used in a criminal trial

Front 20

Miranda v. Arizona
The "Miranda Rule"

Back 20

court describes ruling that police must give to arrested persons

Front 21

'free exercise' clause

Back 21

first amendment requirement that law cannot prevent free excercize of religion

Front 22

prior restraint

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censorship of a publication

Front 23

exclusionary rule

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improperly gathered evidence may not be introduced in a criminal trial

Front 24

libel

Back 24

written defamation

Front 25

slander

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spoken defamation

Front 26

the quid pro quo rule

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cannot trade favors for better job opportunity/advancement.

Front 27

establishment clause

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1st amendment bans an establishment of religion

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wall of separation

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division between church and state

Front 29

clear and present danger test

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defines the conditions under which public authorities could limit free speech

Front 30

sedition act of 1798

Back 30

its a crime to write, utter, or publish any false scandalous or malicious writing with the intention of defaming the president, congress, government or exciting against the government the "hatred of the people"

Front 31

'free exercise' clause

Back 31

first amendment requirement that law cannot prevent free excercize of religion

Front 32

prior restraint

Back 32

censorship of a publication

Front 33

exclusionary rule

Back 33

improperly gathered evidence may not be introduced in a criminal trial

Front 34

libel

Back 34

written defamation

Front 35

slander

Back 35

spoken defamation

Front 36

the quid pro quo rule

Back 36

cannot trade favors for better job opportunity/advancement.

Front 37

establishment clause

Back 37

1st amendment bans an establishment of religion

Front 38

wall of separation

Back 38

division between church and state

Front 39

clear and present danger test

Back 39

defines the conditions under which public authorities could limit free speech

Front 40

sedition act of 1798

Back 40

its a crime to write, utter, or publish any false scandalous or malicious writing with the intention of defaming the president, congress, government or exciting against the government the "hatred of the people"

Front 41

What are the important elements of the political system

Back 41

liberty, equality, democracy, civic duty, individual responsibility

Front 42

civic duty

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one has an obligation to participate in civic & political affairs

Front 43

civic competence

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a belief that one can affect government policies

Front 44

americans believe in equality of ________ but not equality in ________

Back 44

opportunity; result