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39 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Compelling Indications for starting Antihypertensives
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Heart Failure
Post MI Diabetes Chronic Kidney Disease Recurrent Stroke Prevention |
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Antihypertensives for Heart Failure
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All but CCBs
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Antihypertensives for Post MI
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Beta Blocker
Ace-I Aldo. Antagonist |
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Antihypertensives for Diabetes
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All but Aldo Antagonist
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Antihypertensives for Chronic Kidney Disease
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ACE-I, ARB
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Antihypertensives for Recurrent Stroke Prevention
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Diuretic
ACE-I |
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Beta Blockers suitable for CHF
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Carvedilol and Metoprolol
No sympathomimetic effect |
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CCBs that peripherally dilate
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Nifedipine
Amlodipine Felodipine *The Dyhydropyridines |
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TOC for high LDL only
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1. Statins
2. Resins/Ezetimibe 3. Niacin |
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TOC for high LDL, low HDL
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1. Statins
2. Niacin |
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TOC for high LDL and TG, low HDL
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1. Statins and Niacin
2. Fibrates |
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TOC for high TG with or without low HDL
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1. Fibrates
2. Niacin 3. Statin |
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TOC for low HDL only
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1. Niacin
2. Fibrates |
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Goal of Treatment for High Risk Dyslipidemia (>20% 10yr. risk)
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LDL < 100
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Goal of Treatment for Mod-High Risk Dyslipidemia (10-20% 10 yr. risk)
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LDL < 130
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Goal of Treatment for Mod. Risk Dyslipidemia (2+ RFs and 10% risk)
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LDL < 130
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Goal of Treatment for Low Risk Dyslipidemia (0-1 RF)
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LDL < 160
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Diabetes Drugs: Biguanides
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Metformin
Supresses gluconeogenesis Increases insulin sensitivity SE: No weight gain, Lactic Acidosis CI: Creatinine >1.4, Liver failure or heavy alcohol use |
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Diabetes Drugs: Sulfonylureas
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Increase insulin secretion
SE: Weight gain, hypoglycemia |
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Diabetes Drugs: Thiazolides
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"-Glitazones"
Increase insulin sensitivity SE: Weight gain, edema CI: Heart failure |
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Diabetes Drugs: Alpha Glucosidase Inhibitors
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Acarbose
Inhibit GI carb absorption to decrease postprand. glucose SE: Gas CI: Liver cirrhosis (Get LFTs) |
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Diabetes Drugs: Meglitinides
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Repaglinide, Nateglinide
Increase pancreatic insulin secretion via diff. mech than SU Less risk for hypoglycemia and greater postprand. glucose reduction |
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Diabetes Drugs:
Insulin Lispro/Aspart |
Very short acting
Onset: 15min Peaks: 30-90min Max: 5hr |
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Diabetes Drugs: Insulin R
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Onset: 1hr
Peak: 4-8hr Max: 12hr |
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DIabetes Drugs:
Insulin NPH/Lente |
Onset: 2-3hr
Duration: 8-12hr |
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Diabetes Drugs: Insulin Glargine/Ultralente
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Lasts up to 24 hr.
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Diabetes Drugs: Exenatide
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Mimics GLP1 activity
Only use with oral meds not insulin |
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Diabetes Drugs: Sitagliptin
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Can be monotherapy
Blocks breakdown of proteins that stimulate insulin synthesis and release when BG is high |
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Mild Intermittent Asthma
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Sx<2x/wk
Nocturnal sx< 2x/mo FEV or PEFR> 80% Predicted |
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Mild Persistent Asthma
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Sx> 2x/wk (not daily)
Nocturnal sx>2x/mo FEV or PEFR>80% Predicted |
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Moderate Persistent Asthma
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Daily sx
Nocturnal sx> 1x/wk FEV or PEFR 60-80% Predicted |
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Treatment for Mild Intermittent Asthma
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Short acting B agonist
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Treatment for Mild Persistent Asthma
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Daily inhaled low-dose CS (or Cromolyn or Nedocromil)
Quick relief B agonist |
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Treatment for Moderate Persistent Asthma
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Daily low-dose CS and long-acting B agonsit
Daily low-dose CS and leuk. modifier/theophylline |
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Treatment for Severe Persistent Asthma
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High dose inhaled CS and long acting B agonist
If needed: systemic CS |
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Treatment for exercise-induced Asthma
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Albuterol, Cromolyn or Nedocromil 15-30min. before
If sx persist: Long acting B agonist or leuk. modifier |
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Treatment of Acute COPD Exacerbation
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Inhaled B agonist and anticholinergic, Antibiotics, 30-40mg Prednisolone
Oxygen to keep sats> 90% Vent. if pCO2>45 |
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Treatment for symptomatic COPD
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Anticholinergic Ipatropium or Tiotropium to relieve sx
Inhaled CS if >2 exacerbations/yr |
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Drugs for Smoking Cessation
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Nicotine patch or gum
Buproprion Varenicline |