Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
7 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Mannitol
|
MOA: osmotic diuretic, incr tubular fluid osmolarity -> incr urine flow
Uses: shock, drug overdose, incr intracranial/intraocular pressure Toxicity: pulmonary edema, dehydration; C/I in anuria, CHF |
|
Acetazolamide
|
MOA: CA inhibitor; causes self-limited NaHCO3 diuresis and reduction in total-body HCO3 stores
Uses: glaucoma, urinary alkalinization, metabolic alkalosis, altitude sickness Toxicity: hyperchloremic metabolic acidosis, neuropathy, NH3 toxicity, sulfa allergy |
|
Furosemide
|
MOA: sulfonamide loop diuretic; inhibits cotransport system of thick ascending limb of loop of Henle; abolishes hypertonicity of medulla, preventing concentration of urine; incr Ca excretion (Loops Lose Calcium)
Uses: edematous states (CHF, cirrhosis, nephrotic syndrome, pulmonary edema), HTN, hypercalcemia Toxicity: ototoxicity, hypokalemia, dehydration, allergy (sulfa), nephritis (interstitial), gout |
|
Ethacrynic acid
|
MOA: phenoxyacetic acid derivative that's NOT A SULFONAMIDE; essentially same MOA as furosemide
Uses: diuresis in patients allergic to sulfa drugs Toxicity: similar to furosemide; can be used in hyperuricemia, acute gout |
|
Hydrochlorothiazide
|
MOA: thiazide diuretic; inhibits NaCl reabsorption in early distal tubule, reducing diluting capacity of the nephron; decr Ca excretion
Uses: HTN, CHF, idiopathic hypercalciuria, nephrogenic DI Toxicity: hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis, hyponatremia, hyperGLUC (glycemia, lipidemia, uricemia, calcemia) |
|
K-sparing diuretics
|
Examples: spironolactone, triamterene, amiloride
MOA: spironolactone is a competitive aldosterone receptor antagonist in the cortical collecting tubule; triamterene & amiloride act at the same part of the tubule by blocking Na channels in the CCT Uses: hyperaldosteronism, K depletion, CHF Toxicity: hyperkalemia (can lead to arrhythmias); spironolactone causes gynecomastia, antiandrogen effects |
|
ACE Inhibitors
|
Examples: captopril, enalapril, lisinopril
MOA: inhibit ACE, reducing levels of A-II and preventing inactivation of bradykinin (a potent vasodilator); renin incr due to loss of feedback inhibition Uses: HTN, CHF, diabetic renal dz Toxicity: Cough, Angioedema, Proteinuria, Taste changes, hypOtension, Pregnancy problems (fetal renal damage), Rash, Increased renin, Lower A-II (CAPTOPRIL) |