Fa Med - Mastitis Therapy

Front 1

AABP Guidlines for therapy of Clinical Mastitis in Lactating Dairy Cows

Back 1

-1) Immediate goal is to return the quarter and milk to clinically normal (Secondary goal is microbiologically cure)
-2) Most clinical mastitis is treated by dairy producers/employees
-3) Mastitis management must focus on prevention
-4) Therapy recommendations shoud be based on etiology based on culture results
-5) Good records are required for an effective therapy program and needed to document residue prevention efforts
-6) Treatment should be undertake only if profitable
-7) Cases unlikely to respond to therapy shouldn't be treated
-4) Home-made formulations should not be used

Front 2

Mastitis Case Definition
-based on

Back 2

-severity of disease, etiology, etc.
-hot, swollen, painful udder
-changes in milk consistency
-presence of fever
-production level
-SCC

Front 3

Mastitis
-changes that can be seen in milk consistency

Back 3

-clots/flakes
-thin, watery
-blood

Front 4

Mastitis
-treatment protocol

Back 4

-different for different case definitions
-which product?
-how often?
-withdraw time? (meat and milk)

Front 5

Mastitis
-why is it important to consider both the meat and milk withdraw times when treating?

Back 5

-the dairy cow will eventually be brought to slaughter

Front 6

Non-lactating dairy animals
-definition

Back 6

-replacement dairy heifers
-replacement dairy bulls
-dairy calves

NOT dry cows between lactations

Soon will be dairy cattle younger than 20 yrs of age

Front 7

Cephalosporins
-are not approved for what uses in what animals

Back 7

-for disease prevention
-at unapproved doses, duration, or routes of administration
-if the drug is not approved for that species and production class

cattle
swine
chickens
turkeys

Front 8

Cephalosporin that is excluded from prohibition

Back 8

-Cephapirin

Front 9

Drugs not allowed due to the Pasteurized Milk Ordinance (PMO)

Back 9

-DMSO
-Colloidal Silver

Front 10

How to properly administer a drug IMM (Intramammary)

Back 10

-clean and dry teats
-apply teat dip and wipe dry
-disinfect teat ends with 70% alcohol
-far, near, near, far technique for prep and product infusion
-insert only the cannula tip into the teat canal
-do not massage the udder
-dip teats post-therapy
-identify treated cows

Front 11

Goal of properly administering drug IMM

Back 11

-to not drag bacteria deep into the teat cistern

Front 12

Lactating cow therapy
-Which antimicrobial should be used?
-Which cows should be treated?

Back 12

Antimicrobial
-decision based on availability/cost
-decision not made by the vet

Cows treated
-based on case definition
-management decision based on production, age, gestational length

Front 13

Lactating Cow Therapy
-goals

Back 13

-resolution of clinical disease
-microbiological cure

Front 14

What is it important to have done with any lactating cow mastitis therapy?

Back 14

-read the label

Front 15

Dry cow therapy
-which cows should be treated

Back 15

Which cows to treat based upon
-blanket therapy: treat all cows at dry off
-select cases

Front 16

Dry cow therapy
-goals

Back 16

-microbiological cure (kill existing infections)
-prevent new infections

Front 17

Susceptibility testing in mastitis therapy

Back 17

-should be reserved for isolates from individual samples

-area of disagreement

Front 18

Drugs with veterinary approved interpretive criteria for susceptibility testing in mastitis therapy

Back 18

-ceftiofur
-penicillin-novobiociin
-pirlimycin

Front 19

Mastitis
-non-antimicrobial therapies

Back 19

-vaccines
-barrier
-internal teat sealants
-Flunixin meglumine
-Permanent cessation of lactation (killing quarters)

Front 20

Mastitis Vaccines
-categories of products

Back 20

-Gram negative (Coliform) Vaccines
-Staph aureus vaccine

Front 21

Mastitis vaccines
-efficacy

Back 21

-not shown to reduce infection rate
-reduction of severity and duration of clinical disease

Front 22

External teat sealants
-what are they

Back 22

-rapidly drying polymer that act as a physical barrier to bacteria

Front 23

Mastitis
-why is the Staph aureus vaccine of little value?

Back 23

-you want to stop the infection with Staph aureus mot just help cure it

Front 24

External teat sealant
-advantages

Back 24

-east to apply
-no antimicrobial residues
-non-irritating to teat skin

Front 25

External Teat Sealants
-disadvantages

Back 25

-polymer sheds in 3-7 days

Front 26

External teat sealants
-how long should they be covering the teat for

Back 26

enough time to form a barrier on the teat

Front 27

Internal Teat Sealants

Back 27

-orbeseal
-bismuth subnitrate

Front 28

Internal teat sealant
-advantages

Back 28

-immediately seals the teat following the last milking via natural keratin plug formation
-no antimicrobial residue issues

Front 29

Internal teat sealants
-disadvantages

Back 29

-difficult to work with in cold weather
-don't use milking units to remove product after milking

Front 30

Flunixin Meglumine
-aka

Back 30

-Banamine

Front 31

Banamine
-label indication

Back 31

-control of pyrexia associated with acute bovine mastitis and endotoxemia and for the control of inflammation in endotoxemia
-IV
-temperature reduction/inflammatory signs
-no impact on inflammation

Front 32

Banamine
-withdraw times

Back 32

-milk discard: 36 hrs/3 milkings
-meat: 4 days

Front 33

Killing quarters
-2 methods

Back 33

-Betadine
-Chlorhexidene

Front 34

Betadine
-efficacy at ceasing lactation

Back 34

-very effective
-intramammary infection persists

Front 35

Chlorhexidene
-why is use discouraged

Back 35

-long elimination time
-no established FDA tole

Front 36

Residue tests
-info

Back 36

-producers will ask for residue tests to be run
-if tested, the vet is responsible
-residue test kits designed for co-mingled milk

Front 37

Residue tests
-why is it important to know the drugs used?

Back 37

-not all residues are good at being picked up by certain tests

-use multiple tests