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115 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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bilobate nucleus?
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basophils and eosinophils
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secrete histamine and heparin?
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basophils and mast cells
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secrete histaminase?
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eosinphils
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hypersegmented PMNS?
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B12/folate deficiency
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neutrophil granule content?
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myeloperoxidase--bacterial cell wall
lysozyme--bactericidal lactoferrin--inhibits bacterial growth |
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kidney's shaped nucleus, frosted-glass cytoplasm?
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monocyte
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monocyte-derived osteocytes have __________ but no __________ receptors
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calcitonin.........parathyroid
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abundant ER and well-developed Gogli?
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plasma cell
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secretes LTD4 and SRS-A?
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basophils
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anisocytosis means....
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varying SIZES
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what does kallikrein do?
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make plasmin
make bradykinin activate factor 12 |
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what do protein C and S do?
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inactivate factors 5 and 8
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what is associated with SQUAMOUS cell carcinoma of the esophagus?
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Plummer-Vinson
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what is associated with ADENOcarcinoma of the esphagus?
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Barret's esophagus
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immunodeficiency states are associated with what neoplasm?
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malignant lymphomas
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What neoplasms is tuberous sclerosis associated with?
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astrocytoma and cardiac rhabdomyoma
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Rb tumor suppressor is associated with what 2 tumors?
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retinoblastoma, osteosarcoma
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ovarian cancer is associated with what oncogene and what tumor suppressor?
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oncogene: erb-B2
tumor suppressor: BRCA 1 and 2 |
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tumor suppressor p16, chromosome 9q
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melanoma
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tumor suppressors for colorectal cancer and colon cancer
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APC for coloRECTAL
DCC for colon cancer |
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besides breast and ovarian, erb-B2 is also found in....
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gastric carcinoma
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tumor marker for malignant epithelial tumor?
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CA-125
(also for ovarian) |
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alk phos is a tumor marker for what 3 tumors?
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mets to bone
obstructive biliary disease Paget's |
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S-100 is a tumor marker for what?
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melanoma
neural tumors astrocytoma |
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bombesin is a tumor marker for?
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neuroblastoma
lung and gastic cancer |
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erythropoetin producing tumors?
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renal cell carcinoma
hemangioblastoma (cerebellar hemangioma) HCC |
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teardrop cell
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myeloid metaplasia and myelofibrosis
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acanthocyte
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spiny appearance in abetalipoprotienemia
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poikilocytes are assoicated with
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TTP/HUS
microvascular damage DIC |
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Burr cell is associated with
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TTP/HUS
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ferritin is a measure of...
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iron stores.
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TIBC is increased in _________ and decreased in _________
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iron deficiency anemia.....anemia of chronic disease (normo-) or inflammatory states (micro-).
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basophilic stippling is associated with
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lead poisoning
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what is blood iron carrier?
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transferrin. measure by TIBC
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marked reticulocytosis in which anemia?
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macrocytic
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what does serum haptoglobin do?
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bind free Hb
low in hemolytic anemia |
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what is HbH?
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LACKS 3 alpha chain
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what are the blood dyscrasias?
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sickle cell and thalassemias
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secondary hemochromatosis in thalassemia patients can lead to
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heart failure
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increased reticulocytes in...
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macrocytic anemia, hemolytic anemia
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extravascular hemolysis occurs in what anemias?
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autoimmune hemolytic anemia
and hereditary spherocytosis |
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where does extravascular hemolysis occur?
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spleen and Kupffer cells of liver
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increased MCHC and increased RDW?
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hereditary spherocytosis
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What diseases for warm agglutinins?
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lupus
CLL drugs (alpha-methyl dopa) |
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what diseases for cold agglutinins?
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mycoplasma
mononucleosis Raynaud's |
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What is fibronectin?
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opsonin for phagocytic material in newly formed clots. (bacteria, other crap)
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bite cells are found in...?
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G6PD (oxidized Hb forms Heinz body, bit out by spleen)
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most common cause of drug-induced thrombocytopenia?
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heparin
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agranulocytosis means...
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leukopenia, especially neutrophils
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thrombin time is a more specific measure of...
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fibrinogen
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bleeding time is a measure of...
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platelet dysfunction
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low ESR?
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polycythemia
sickle cell CHF |
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high ESR?
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cancer, multiple myeloma
pregnancy infection connective tissue disorder (lupus) |
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skin necrosis from warfarin is due to...
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protein C deficiency
(causes thrombosis of microvasculature) |
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prevents GP IIb/IIIa expression?
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clopidogrel and ticlopidine
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t(11:14)
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mantle cell lymphoma
(muliple myeloma) (small non-cleaved cell lymphoma) |
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c-myc is associated with what lymphoma?
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Burkitt's
t(8:14) |
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bcl-2 is associated with what lymphoma?
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Follicular lymphoma
t(14:18) |
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highly phagocytic for antigen-antibody complexes?
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eosinophils
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thrombomoduline binds thrombing, converting it to....
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an activator of protein C
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Factor V Leiden mutaiton is resistance to ....
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protein C
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Psammoma bodies are found in...
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papillary (thyroid)
serous (ovary) meningioma mesothelioma |
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cause Lambert Eaton syndrome
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thymoma
small cell lung cancer |
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increased megakaryocytes?
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ITP
myeloid metaplasia and myelofibrosis |
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presents with mediastinal mass that progresses to ALL
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lymphoblastic lymphoma
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like CLL with a focal mass
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small lymphocytic lymphoma
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20% mature T cell lymphoma?
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diffuse large cell lymphoma
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immature T cell lymphoma
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lymphoblastic lymphoma
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increased neutrophils and metamyelocytes?
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CML
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what bridges GP IIb/IIIa?
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fibrinogen
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bind IgE to the membrane?
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basophils
mast cells |
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produces arylsulfatase?
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eosinophils
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causes of eosinophilis?
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neoplastic
asthma allergic process collagen vascular disease parasites |
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where are B cells found in the spleen?
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white pulp
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dendritic cells express MHCII and ____________ on the surface
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Fc receptor
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what is serum?
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plasma--clotting factors
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what is factor V Leiden mutation?
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resistance to protein C
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what are fibrin split products?
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result from plasmin action on fibrin
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what activates the complement cascade?
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plasminogen
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what does bradykinin do?
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vasodilation
vascular permeability pain |
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what causes both PT and PTT prolongation?
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common pathway deficiency
severe hepatic disease DIC |
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what causes target cells?
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HbC
Asplenia Liver disease Thalassemia |
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what is HbC?
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causes target cells
a different beta chain mutation than sickle cell milder disease than HbS |
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what is increased serum LDH in indication of?
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RBC hemolysis
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differential for microcytic, hypochromic?
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iron deficiency
thalassemia lead poisoning sideroblastic anemia |
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differential for macrocytic anemia?
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megaloblastic anemia
drugs that block DNA synthesis (sulfa drugs, AZT) |
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causes of aplastic anemia?
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NSAIDS
benzene chloramphenicol |
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fatty infiltration of the bone marrow occurs in...
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aplastic anemia
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viral agents that can cause aplastic anemis?
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B19
EBV HIV |
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what confers malaria resistance?
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HbS
G6PD deficiency absence of Duffy blood antigens |
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what is increased in the urine for PNH?
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hemosiderin
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examples of intravascular hemolysis?
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PNH
microangiopathic anemia |
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what kinds of anemias are associated with lupus?
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warm agglutinin
microangiopathic |
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most common cause of DIC?
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obstretric complications
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what causes schistocytes, increased LDH and neurologic symptoms?
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TTP
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Disorders of the platelet GP recepors?
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ITP (antibodies to IIb/IIIa)
Glanzmann's thrombasthenia (decreased IIb/IIIa) Bernard-Soulier (decreased Ib) |
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petechiae and purpura indicate abnormality of what?
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platelets
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hemarthrosis and easy bruising indcate what?
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clotting factor abnormality
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Hemophilia A is factor ______
Hemiophilia B is factor _____ |
8
9 |
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how is HUS different from TTP?
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no neurologic abnormalities
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most common type of Hodgkin's lymphoma?
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nodular sclerosing
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most common non-Hodkin's lymphoma?
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follicular lymphoma
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what lymphoma is associated with EBV?
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Burkitt's lymphoma
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what gene moves next to the heavy chain Ig gene?
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t(8:14) Burkitt's
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African form of Burkitt's presents with__________
sporadic form presents with ____________ |
jaw lesion....pelvis or abdomen
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ALL and a mediastinal mass?
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lymphoblastic lymphoma (immature T cells), children)
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Pautrier microabscesses are associated with..
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mycosis fungoides
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leukemia characterized by splenomegaly?
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CML
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low LAP?
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CML
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anemia characterized by lymphadenopathy and hepatosplenomegaly?
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CLL
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leukemia assoicated with Down's syndrome?
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ALL
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responsive to all-trans retinoic acid?
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M3 type AML
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what characterizes Waldenstrom's macroglobulinemia?
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plasmacytoid lymphocytes
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what does GPIa do?
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mediate platelet binding to collagen
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what does GPIb do?
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bind to vWF
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