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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Phenol + Xalkalis(aq) --> |
Xphenoxide (salt) +H2O |
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Phenol(l) + Sodium(s) --> |
Sodium phenoxide (salt) + H2O |
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Phenol + 3Br2 --> |
2,4,6-tribromophenol(s) + 3HBr |
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Why is it easier for Phenol to undergo bromination than Benzene?
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Due to the lone electron pair on the O atom’s p- orbital in a Phenol molecule, being delocalised into the Benzene ring.
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Uses of Phenols
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Plastics, antiseptics, disinfectants, resins for paints.
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[O]
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Oxidising agent.
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Primary Alcohol
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A Primary alcohol is an alcohol which has the hydroxyl group connected to a primary carbon atom.
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Secondary Alcohol
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A Secondary alcohol is an alcohol which has the hydroxyl group connected to a carbon which is bonded to 2 other carbon atoms.
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Tertiary Alcohol
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A Tertiary alcohol is an alcohol which has the hydroxyl group connected to a carbon which is bonded to 3 other carbon atoms.
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Oxidation of a Primary Alcohol, Distillation
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Aldehyde + H2O |
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Oxidation of a Primary Alcohol, Reflux
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Carboxylic acid + H2O |
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Equation for Oxidation of a Primary Alcohol, Distillation
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R-CH2-OH + [O] --> R-CH=O + H2O |
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Equation for Oxidation of a Primary Alcohol, Reflux
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R-CH2-OH + 2[O] --> R-COOH + H2O |
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Oxidation of a Secondary Alcohol, Reflux
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Ketone + H2O |
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Equation for Oxidation of a Secondary Alcohol, Reflux
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R1,R2-CH-OH + [O] --> R1,R2-C=O + H2O |
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Oxidation of a Tertiary Alcohol
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Tertiary alcohols can’t be oxidised.
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[H]
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Reducing agent
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What is the Mechanism for Nucleophilic Addition? |
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Reduction of carbonyl compound with NaBH4 ([H]) --> |
Alcohol |
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Aldehyde + NaBH4 --> |
Primary alcohol |
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Ketone + NaBH4 --> |
Secondary alcohol |
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Equation for the Reduction of a Aldehyde
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R-CH=O + 2[H] --> R-CH2-OH |
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Equation for the Reduction of a Ketone
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R1,R2-C=O + 2[H] --> R1,R2-CH-OH |
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What kind of reaction is the reduction of a Carbonyl?
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Nucleophilic addition
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2,4-DNP full name
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2,4-Dinitrophenylhydrazine |
