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91 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Function of the eye
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Let light in
Pupil Focus light Lens Transform light into nerve impulses Retina Send nerve impulses to the brain Optic nerve |
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Sclera
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White of the eye
Tough protective covering |
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Cornea
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Transparent anterior portion
Allows light into the eye Helps focus light onto the back of the eye |
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Outer Layer of eye
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Sclera, Cornea
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Inner Eye
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Middle layer also called the uvea
Choroid Ciliary Body Iris |
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Choroid
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Inner layer of sclera
Contains blood vessels |
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Ciliary body
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Ciliary muscles
Adjust shape of the lens for focusing Ciliary process Produces aqueous humor |
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Iris
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Colored portion
Center is pupil |
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Retina
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Several layers of nervous tissue
Contain rods and cones that transform light into nerve impulses Fovea centralis Macula lutea Optic disc (blind spot) |
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Lens
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Not part of the layers
Held in place by suspensory ligaments |
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Lens
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Bends the light
Refraction Focuses light by changing shape Lens accommodation If elasticity is lost Reading glasses are needed |
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Inner Eye
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Lens, retina
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Inner Eye Chambers – Anterior
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Contains aqueous humor produced by ciliary processes
Flows from posterior chamber through the pupil to anterior chamber |
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aqueous humor is produced
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Excess flows out trabecula into the canal of Schlemm and into venous system
Inability to drain causes glaucoma |
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Inner Eye Chambers – Posterior
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Filled with vitreous humor
Jelly-like Maintains spherical shape of the eyeball Holds retina firmly against the choroid Transmits light |
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Outer eye
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Orbital cavity
Extrinsic ocular muscles Eyelids Conjunctival membrane Lacrimal apparatus |
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Aque/o
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water
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Chori/o
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choroid
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Choroid/o
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choroid; membrane
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Conjunctiv/o
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conjunctiva
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Core/o
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pupil
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Cycl/o
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ciliary body
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Irid/o; ir/o
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iris
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Goni/o
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angle (of the anterior chamber)
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Dacryocyst/o
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lacrimal sac
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Corne/o; Kerat/o
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cornea
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Mi/o
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contraction; less
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Ophthalm/o; Ocul/o
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eye
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Mydri/o
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wide; dilation; dilatation
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Lacrim/o
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tears
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opt/o
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vision; sight
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Phot/o
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light
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Pupill/o
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pupil
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Phac/o; phak/o
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lens
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Palpebr/o
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eyelid
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Papill/o
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optic disc
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-chalasis
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relaxation
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-tropia; -tropion
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turning
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-opia; -opsia
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visual condition; vision
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Aging in the eyes
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Lens becomes denser, harder, and thicker
Reading glasses Presbyopia Changes in the way photoreceptors and pupils receive light Require more light to see |
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Common diseases eye
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Cataracts
Errors in refraction Hyperopia Myopia Astigmatism Glaucoma Macular degeneration |
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Accom
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accommodation
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OD (oculus dextra)
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right eye
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OS (oculus sinistra)
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left eye
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OU (oculus unitas)
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both eyes
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PERLA
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pupils equal, react to light and accommodation
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PRK
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photorefractive keratectomy
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EOM
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extraocular movement
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IOL
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intraocular lens
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LOP
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intraocular pressure
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VA
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visual acuity
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VF
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visual field
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Ear Function
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Hearing
Detection and transduction Prominent role in maintaining balance |
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External Ear
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Auricle or pinna
External auditory meatus Eardrum or tympanic membrane |
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Ossicles
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Tiny bones
Malleus Incus Stapes |
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Middle Ear
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Oval Window, Eustachian tube, ossicles
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Oval window
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Transmits sound to inner ear
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Eustachian tube
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Equalizes air pressure
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Bony Labyrinth
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Perilymph
Membranous labyrinth and endolymph Vestibule Semicircular canals Cochlea |
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Audi/o; Audit/o
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hearing
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Aur/o
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ear
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Myring/o
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tympanic membrane; eardrum
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Labyrinth/o
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inner ear; labyrinth
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Cochle/o
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cochlea
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Ot/o
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ear
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Tympan/o
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tympanic membrane; eardrum
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Staped/o
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stapes
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Salping/o
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eustachian tube
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Ossicul/o
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ossicles
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-cusis
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hearing
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Aging of Ear
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Structural changes
Decreased sound waves getting to the inner ear Loss of hearing Presbycusis Decreased sense of balance Deafness Conductive Sensorineural Meniere’s Disease |
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Meniere’s Disease
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Hearing loss
Pressure in the ear Vertigo Tinnitus |
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AC
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air conduction
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BC
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bone conduction
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AD (auris dextra)
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right ear
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AS (auris sinistra)
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left ear
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AU (auris unitas)
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both ear
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EENT
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eyes, ears, nose, throat
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ENT
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Ear, Noses, Throats
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HD
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hearing distance
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NIHL
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nerve-induced hearing loss
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TM
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tympanic membrane
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Ophthalmologist
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docters who can do surgery
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optometrist
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refraction and testing
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optician
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eyeglass people
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opthamascope
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instrument used to look at condition of eye
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edemeitis
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swollen
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pedeledema
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swelling of feet and ankles
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Retinopathy
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disease of retina
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Labyrinthitis
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ear bones are messed up which causes nauseated feeling and spinning
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Myringotomy (with tubes)
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releases pressure in ear
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