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59 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is the normal developmental progression in the lower limb alignment?
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Newborn: Moderate Genu Varum
6 mos: Minimum Genu Varum 18 mos: Legs straight 30 mos: Physiological Genu Valgum 42 mos: Protective toe in 54 mos: Legs straight w/normal toe out |
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What tests for integrity of ACL?
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Anterior Drawer, Lachman's
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What tests for PCL injury?
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Posterior Drawer Test
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What tests for LCL injury?
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Varus Stress Test
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What tests for MCL injury?
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Valgus Stress Test
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What tests for patellar alignment?
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Helfet Test
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What tests for chonromalacia?
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Clarke's Sign
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What tests for meniscal tears?
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Appley's Compression Test
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What is the normal range for Q angle?
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13-18 degrees
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Which meniscus moves twice as much as the other one?
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Lateral
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What function to absorb and distribute compression forces, facilitate proper motion, and even aid in nutrition of the joint?
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Menisci
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Which ligament checks anterior tibial shear/IR?
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ACL
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Which ligament checks posterior tibial shear/IR?
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PCL
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Which ligament checks tibial abduction (valgus force)/ER?
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MCL
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Which ligament checks tibial adduction (varus force)/ER?
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LCL
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What is normal flexion of the knee?
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0-135 Degrees
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What is normal extension of the knee?
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0 Degrees
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What is normal hyperextension of the knee?
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0-10 Degrees
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What is normal internal rotation of the knee?
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20-30 Degrees
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What is normal external rotation of the knee?
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30-40 Degrees
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What is normal flexion of the knee during walking, stair climbing, and sitting?
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65 Degrees
83 Degrees 93 Degrees |
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What is the screw home mechanism?
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Due to difference in sizes of the medial and lateral condyle, the medial is longer, the tibial rotates externally during the end of knee extension
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During Genu Varum, which compartment experiences most of the stress?
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Medial; compression is about 60%
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A hyperextended knee is known as what?
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Genu Recurvatum
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Knock-knees is referred to as what?
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Genu Valgum
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Bow-legs is referred to as what?
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Genu Varum
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Genu Recurvatum is associated with which type of GAIT?
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Quadriceps GAIT
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What is normal leg length discrepancy?
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1-1.5 cm
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What is normal femoral anteversion?
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8-15 Degrees
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What angle is considered coxa valga?
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Greater than 135
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What angle is considered coxa vara?
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Less than 120
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what is the normal range of the angle of inclination of the femur?
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120-135 Degrees
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What is a measure of the rotation of the neck of the femur around the diaphysis?
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Femoral Anteversion
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Excessive femoral anteversion may lead to what conditions?
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Genu valgum, excessive tripping
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What could cause increase femoral anteversion?
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"W" Sitting
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______________ is associated with internally rotated knees, while external rotation of the patella is associated with _________.
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Squinting Patella
Frog Eye Patella |
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A large Q angle could lead to what?
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Genu Valgum
Likelyhood of lateral patella displacement |
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What structures are involved in the unhappy triad?
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ACL
MCL Medial Meniscus |
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What are the muscles of the rotator cuff?
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Teres Minor
Infraspinatus Supraspinatus Subscapularis |
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What is the average angle of inclination of the humerus?
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130 Degrees
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What is the normal angle of retroversion of the head of the humerus in the transverse plane?
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30-40 Degrees
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The long head of the biceps blends in with which other structure?
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Labrum
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What is thoracic outlet syndrome?
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Weak shoulder muscles due to compression of nerves in the brachial plexus allow the clavicle to slip down and forward
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In which direction would you glide the humerus in adhesive capsulitis?
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Inferior
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A winging scapula is due to a weakness of which muscle or a problem with which nerve?
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Serratus Anterior
Long Thoracic |
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What a SLAP lesion and what happens?
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Superior Labral Anterior- Posterior
The shoulder may shift to one side and have chronic pain with the inability to rotate the shoulder because of injured labrum and biceps tendon |
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What is a Bankart Lesion?
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Vertical tear of labrum off front of socket
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What should pathology is associated with a Bankart Lesion?
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Shoulder dislocation
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What is normal scapulohumeral rhythm?
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The first 30 degrees at call the setting phase, then the scapula upwardly rotates 1 degree for every 2 degrees the humerus moves.
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What is reversed scapulohumeral rhythm?
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An abduction initiated by the scapulothoracic joint rather than by the glenohumeral joint
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How do you test for winged scapula?
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As the patient to push against something hard
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What does painful arc indicate?
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If the pain occurs between 45 and 120 degrees: Glenohumeral
If the pain occurs after 170 degrees: AC pain |
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What is scaption?
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The normal range of motion of the scapula
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In which direction do most shoulder dislocations occur?
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Anterior
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What is normal range of flexion of the elbow?
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140-150 Degrees
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What is normal range of extension of the elbow?
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0-10 Degrees hyper extension
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What is normal range of pronation?
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80-90 Degrees
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What is normal range of supination?
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90 Degrees
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What is the normal carrying angle of the arm?
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Men: 5-10
Women: 10-15 |
