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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Dr. G canadaian hockey jersey |
Church hockey team meant to go to Ukraine but got shut down march 2020 so he never got to ware the jersey |
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VO2 equations for walking and running are good for what pace? |
Walking 3-6km Running over 8km |
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Gross vs net energy expenditure |
Gross: total energy used Net: gross - resting energy |
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Mechanical efficiency equations |
Efficiency = work done/ energy expenditure |
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3 factors of Mechanical efficiency |
1. WB or NWB 2. Training and technique 3. Environment (surface and grade) |
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Factors affecting walking energy expenditure |
1. Body weight (resistance) 2. Speed or pace 3. Terrible and walking surface (softer surface requires more energy) 4. Slope 5. Footwear |
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1kg on feet is equal to what on the back? |
4kg on the back (Have to balance effects of cushioning and weight) |
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Why is competitive walking so hard |
At some point it is simply way more efficient to run than walk (~8km) Speed increases by increasing stride frequency |
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Running net energy expenditure |
The same for a set distance even at different speeds |
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Running spped increases by |
Initally increases stride length Than by increasing stride frequency |
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Running EE is effect by |
Air resistance 1. Air density 2. Runners projected surface(skinny vs wide) 3. Square of the runners velocity 4. Drafting |
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Three kinds of Drag in swimming |
1. Wave drag (caused by waves coming in from the front, cause hollow behind) 2. Skin friction drag (produced as was er slides over skin surface) 3. Viscous pressure drag (cause by difference of pressure in front and behind) |
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How to reduce swimming friction |
1. wet suits 2. Horizontal possion 3. Drafting |
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Energy cost and swimming |
1. Skiled swimmers more efficient 2. Stroke use (freestyle vs butterfly) 3. Water temp (cold water forces you to burn more to stay warm) 4. Buoyancy (leaner = less buoyant) |
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Conducting zone of ventilation |
"Anatomic dead zone" 1. Trachea 2. Bronchioles |
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Respiratory zone |
1. Respiratory bronchioles 2. Alveolar ducts 3. Alveoli |
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% O2 and CO2 with respiration |
Inhale: 20% O2, 0% CO2 Exhale: 16% O2, 4% CO2 |
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Average size of adults lung |
Weight 1kg Volume: 4-6L Consists of 10% should tissue |
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What factors affect the diffusion between alveoli to capillaries |
Surface area Wall thickness Time of contact |
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How much surface area does the alveoli cover |
1/2 tennish Cort of 50-80m |
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How many alveoli are in the lungs |
600 million |
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Main muscle of inspiration |
Diaphragm External intercostals |
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Durning strenous exercise which muscle aid inspiration |
1. Internal intercostals 2. Abdominal muscle |
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Durning strenuous activity which muscle aid expiration (otherwise a passive movement) |
Internal intercostals Abdominal muscles |
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Lung volume varies with |
Age Size (stature) Gender Some disease states |
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Tidal volume |
Change of lung volume at rest |
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Inspiration reserve volume |
The volume a person can inhale above TV |
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Expiration reserve volume |
Volume a person can exhale above tidal volume |
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Functional residual capacity |
Volume of air left in the lungs after a resting exhale Aka ERV + RLV |
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Residual lung capacity |
Amount of air always left in the lungs even after a forced exhale |
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Forced vital capacity |
Total amount of air one can inhale and exhale
(Doesn't include RLV) |
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Dynamic lung volume depends on |
Maximum FVC Velocity of flow (influenced by lung compliance) |
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Pulmonary airflow capacity |
FEV/FVC |
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FEV to FVC ratio |
Healthy people average 85% FVC in 1sec |
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Definition: Pulmonary ventilation (aka minute ventilation) |
Volume of air moved into or out of total respiratory tract each minute |
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Definition: alveolar ventilation |
Air volume that ventilates only alveoli chambers each mintue |
