Exercise 3-8 Capsular Staining

Front 1

What is the bacteria that used congo red (a negative stain)

Back 1

Klebsiella pneumoniae Congo Red

Front 2

Which Bacteria used manevals stain

Back 2

Staphylococcus epidermidis Maneval’s Stain

Front 3

Which Two staining techniques does capsular staining use?

Back 3

Negative stain: using Congo Red to color the background
Simple stain: using Maneval’s stain to color the cell proper of the
bacteria

Front 4

What is a glycocalyx

Back 4

polysaccharide layer is generally referred to as a glycocalyx

Front 5

Capsules:

Back 5

the glycocalyx is the polysaccharide containing material surrounding the outside of the
water-soluble is stained normally, will wash away bacteria
- heat sensitive or destroy the capsule
- composition varies between organisms but they are made of glycoproteins,
polypeptides, and polysaccharides
- nature (thickness and flexibility) varies also between organisms
cel

Front 6

Two parts to a capsule

Back 6

1. Capsule: rigid layer with a tight matrix; excludes particles like dye
2. Slime layer: easily deformed and usually can’t be seen

Front 7

Function of capsules

Back 7

1. Increases virulence in some organisms by protecting the cell from phagocytosis by
the immune systembecause antibodies are hidden
2. Prevents dehydration/desiccation due to the attraction of water by the layer
3. Attachment to host cells because of binding reactions between the host tissue and the
glycocalyx

Front 8

Organism Klebsiella Pneumoniae does or does not have a capsule

Back 8

1. Klebsiella pneumoniae => has a capsule and looks like a
figure eight

Front 9

Staphyloccocus epidermis Does or does not have a capsule

Back 9

2. Staphylococcus epidermidis => has no capsule