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30 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

John Locke

believed in individual rights

Jean-Mark Itard

took care of the wild boy, focused on care and treatment of child and training of mental defectives

Leta Hollingsworth

child's problems were due to poor treatment by parents




distinguished between retardation and those with psychiatric disorders

Benjamin Rush

children are incapable of adult like insanity




those with normal cognitive abilities but bad behaviour suffer from moral insanity

The revolution of mental illnesses being taken more seriously was led by

advances in general medicine ( dorthea dix)


adoption of Locke Philosophy

Psycho-Analytic Theory

Freud linked mental disorders to childhood experiences




mental disorders can be helped with proper environment or therapy




still model for abnormal child psychology

Behaviourism

Pavlov- classical conditioning




Watson- little Albert ( associated rat with big bang)

Evolving Forms of Treatment

1930-1950- children with mental illness institutionalized


1940- Spits pointed out how bad they were


1945-1965- institution decreased ( foster care and group homes more of a thing)


1950s, 1960s- behaviour therapy emerged as systematic approach for child and family disorders

IDEA (Individuals with Disabilities Education Act)

free




must be assessed with culturally appropriate test




given IEP ( individual education program)



What is abnormal behaviour

anything below the 2nd percentile and above the 98th percentile

Defining Psychological Disorders

scoring outside the norm on a questionaire does not mean disorder




to diagnose we must see impairment



Child Behaviour Checklist

there is no any one test that you can take to diagnose, only a checklist

defining psychological disorders

patterns of behavioural, cognitive, emotional, or physical symptoms linked with one or more of distress, disability, and increased risk of further suffering or harm




culture and cicumstance matter




characteristic describes behaviour not cause

Labels Describe Behaviour Not People

DSM-5 guidelines- primary purpose of using terms is to help describe and organize complex features of behaviour patterns

Competence

the ability to successfully adapt in the environment




AC psychology looks at the degree of maladaptive behaviour and the extent to which normal development milestones are met



Developmental tasks - infancy to preschool

attachment to caregivers


language


differentiation of self from environment

Developmental tasks- middle childhood

self control and compliance


school adjustment ( attendance, appropriate conduct)


academic achievement


getting along with peers


following rules

Developmental tasks- adolescence

successful transition to secondary schooling


academic achievement


involvement in extracurricular activities


forming close friendships within and across gender


forming a cohesive sense of self identity

Multifinality vs Equifinality

multifinality- one experience that can have multiple outcomes




equifinality- multiple experiences have the same outcome

Risk Factor vs Protective Factor

Risk factor- a variable that precedes a negative outcome of interest ( poverty, care giving defecits)




Protective Factor- a personal or situational variables that mitigates a child developing a disorder ( enjoy shcool, in extracurriculars, good support system)

Resilience

ability to fight off or recover from a misfortune




a protective factor

Significance of mental health problems among children and youth

1 in 8 children has a mental health problem




majority of kids who need help don't get it







Mental Health problems are more likely in children from

disadvantaged families


abusive or neglectful families


receiving inadequate child care


born with very low birth weight


whose parents have amental illness or substance abuse problems



Poverty

1/5 in US and 1/7 in Canada





Sex differences

boys are more directly aggressive while girls are more indirect




3-18 diverge, 18 converge back




boys act out, girls act in











Race

socially constructed concept, not a biological one




minority children in the US are overrepresented in rates of some disorders




less race and more gender, age, SES

Culture

don't generalize research from one culture to another

Child Maltreatment and Non-Accidental Truama

nearly one million cases of child abuse an neglect in the US each year




more than 1/3 of 10-16 year olds experience physical and or sexual assault




can contribute to PTSD, major depressive disorder, substance abuse/ dependance

Lifespan Implications

impact is most severe if it goes untreated for extended periods of time ( 20% of worst cases least likely finish high school and most likely finish




children can overcome this if provided with healthy adaptation and competance





Lunacy once a month

came from the thought that people were crazy during a full moon




this was due to confirmation bias ( looking for the crazies on a full moon)