Exam3

Front 1

A slightly moveable joint is a(n)

Back 1

amphiarthrosis

Front 2

A synovial joint is an example of a(n)

Back 2

diarthrosis

Front 3

A suture is an example of a(n)

Back 3

synarthrosis

Front 4

An example of a synchondrosis is the

articulation of the

Back 4

ribs with the sternum

Front 5

True or False properties of articular cartilage:

Back 5

enclosed by an articular capsule True

composed of hyaline cartilage True

Covered by periosteum False

Smooth, low-friction surface True

lubricated by synovial fluid True

Front 6

Not considered an accessory synovial joint

structure

Back 6

synovial membrane

TRUE:

bursa, menisci, fat pads, tendon sheath

Front 7

Small pockets of synovial fluid that reduce

friction and act as a shock absorber where

ligaments and tendons would otherwise rub

against each other are called

Back 7

bursae

Front 8

A movement away from midline of body is called

Back 8

abduction

Front 9

Movement that is an example of flexion

Back 9

moving the hand towards shoulder

Front 10

Movement known as dorsiflexion and plantar flexion involve moving the

Back 10

foot

Front 11

An extension past the anatomical position is known as

Back 11

hyperextension

Front 12

Which foot movement enables the ballerina to

stand on her toes?

Back 12

Plantar flexion

Front 13

The joint that permits the greatest range of any joint is the __________ joint.

Back 13

Shoulder

Front 14

The ligaments that limit the anterior-posterior movement of the tibia and maintain the

alignment of the femur with the tibia are the

_______ ligaments.

Back 14

cruciate

Front 15

The medial surface of the knee joint is

reinforced by the _________ ligament.

Back 15

tibial collateral

Front 16

Muscle tissue, one of the four basic tissue groups, consists of cells that are highly

specialized for

Back 16

contraction

Front 17

The dense layer of connective tissue that surrounds a whole skeletal muscle is the

Back 17

epimysium

Front 18

The bundle of collagen fibers at the end of a

skeletal muscle that attaches the muscle to bone is called a(n)

Back 18

tendon

Front 19

A fascicle is a

Back 19

group of muscle fibers that are enclosed by the

perimysium

Front 20

Skeletal muscle fibers are formed during

embryonic development from cells called

Back 20

myoblasts

Front 21

The repeating functional unit of a skeletal

muscle fiber is the

Back 21

Sarcomere

Front 22

Best describes the term Z line

Back 22

Border of a sarcomere

Front 23

NOT a protein that is part of the thin filaments

Back 23

myosin

ARE: Troponin, actin, tropomyostin

Front 24

At rest, binding sites on actin are blocked by

Back 24

tropomyosin molecules

Front 25

The membranous sac that surrounds each

myofibril is the

Back 25

sarcoplasmic reticulum

Front 26

Each skeletal muscle fiber is controlled by a

motor neuron at a

Back 26

neuromuscular junction

Front 27

Myosin binding sites on actin become available after

Back 27

calcium binds to troponin

Front 28

A wave of depolarization is conducted into the inside of a skeletal muscle fiber by

Back 28

Transverse (T) tubules.

Front 29

Since each myofibril is attached to each end of the muscle fiber, when sarcomeres shorten, the muscle fiber _______.

Back 29

Shortens

Front 30

In response to the action potential arriving, the sarcoplasmic reticulum releases __________.

Back 30

Calcium ions

Front 31

Receptors for acetylcholine are located in the _______.

Back 31

sarcolemma

Front 32

How would the loss of acetylcholinesterase from the synaptic cleft affect skeletal muscle?

Back 32

It would cause muscles to stay contracted.

Front 33

A weight-lifter tries to, but cannot, lift a heavy weight and there is no overall movement of the weight lifter's arms holding the weight. This type of contraction is called a(n)

__________ contraction.

Back 33

isometric

Front 34

The _______ nervous system is composed of the brain and spinal cord.

Back 34

Central Nervous System (CNS)

Front 35

The _______ nervous system controls the skeletal muscles.

Back 35

Somatic motor

Front 36

Special sensory neurons that have one axon and one dendrite, with the cell body in between, are called ______.

Back 36

unipolar

Front 37

Not a function of neuroglia

Back 37

conduction

are functions:

support, create myelin sheath, secrete CSF,

establish blood-brain barrier

Front 38

The neuroglial cells that maintain the

blood-brain barrier are the ______.

Back 38

astrocytes

Front 39

The myelin sheath that covers many PNS axons

is formed by ______.

Back 39

schwann cells

Front 40

The sodium-potassium ion exchange pump

Back 40

moves sodium and potassium opposite to the direction they would ordinarily move by

diffusion.

Front 41

Opening of sodium channels in a neuron causes

Back 41

depolarization

Front 42

_______ channels open or close in response to binding neurotransmitters.

Back 42

Chemically gated

Front 43

If a sodium channel in a neuron were to open,

Back 43

the inward movement of sodium will increase

Front 44

If a potassium channel in a neuron were to open,

Back 44

the membrane potential will repolarize

Front 45

A stimulus that changes a neuron's membrane potential from resting to -85 mV would be a(n)

Back 45

inhibitory/hyperpolarizing

Front 46

Main steps in the generation of an

action potential

Back 46

1. A graded depolarization brings an area of the membrane to threshold

2. Sodium channels open

3. Sodium ions enter the cell and depolarization occurs.

4. Sodium channels close

5. Potassium channels open

6. Potassium ions leave cell and repolarization occurs.

7. Temp. hyperpolarization occurs

Front 47

Actin Potential

Back 47

Rapid depolarization is caused by the entry of sodium ions

Front 48

A threshold stimulus is the

Back 48

depolarization necessary to cause an

action potential.

Front 49

Rapid impulse conduction from "node" to

"node" is called

Back 49

saltatory propogation

Front 50

The ion that triggers the release of a

neurotransmitter (like acetylcholine) into the synaptic cleft is

Back 50

calcium