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19 Cards in this Set

  • Front
  • Back

Animal Cell Culture requires:

Appropriate medium to grow on (agar or broth)


Appropriate temperature


Correct osmotic balance


Suitable pH


Oxygen (if aerobic)


Aseptic

Cell culturing

Ability to grow very small organisms in the laboratory. Allows millions of cells to be grown in a small area, with hundreds of generations studied over a short time.


Also allows mutations to be detected, isolated and studied

How? -Animal cell

Cells are chemically or physically removed from a source



Cells placed in a vessel and incubated at optimum temperature



Animal cells are anchored to the vessel and nutrients, water, antibodies and growth factors are present to grow the cells

Nucleus

Genetic information bearer of the cells


Locations of chromosomes


DNA replication and transcription occur

Nucleolus

Contains genes for ribosomal RNA synthesis (rRNA)

Mitochondria

ATP producer of the cell (energy)


Involved in cellular respiration used to synthesize ATP

Chloroplast

Glucose synthesis


Absorb light to carry out photosynthesis

Ribosomes

Protein synthesizes of the cell

Vacuole

Storage containers of the cell



Water, nutrients

Golgi apparatus

Package proteins


Post office of the cell

Rough ER

Protein assembly line of the cell

Cytoplasm

Thick jelly-like substance of the cell

Lysosome

Enzyme-packed wrecking balls of the cell

Active transport

LOW ➡ HIGH


Needs energy (ATP)


Uses protein pumps


Against the concentration gradient


Passive transport

HIGH ➡ LOW


no energy needed


With the concentration gradient

Diffusion

Movement of molecules from HIGH ➡ LOW concentration


No energy needed


With the concentration gradient


Small molecules that move through phospholipids of the cell membrane


(water, carbon dioxide)

Facilitated Diffusion

HIGH ➡ LOW


No energy needed


With the concentration gradient


Larger molecules that cannot fit through the phospholipids, so they move through a channel protein


Charged ions

Osmosis

HIGH ➡ LOW


No energy needed


With the concentration gradient


Occurs through phospholipids


Only water

Regulatory Proetins

Regulate the cell at the checkpoints