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12 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Absorption of lipids |
Glycerol and short/med chain FA diffuse into intestinal cells - blood stream Larger molecules merge with bile to crest micelles soluble in watery digestive fluid transported into intestinal cells Packed with protein to become chylomicrons into lymph - blood via heart |
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Transport of lipids |
Very low density lipoproteins - composed primarily triglycerides - deliver to cells Low density lipoproteins - composed primarily of cholesterol High density lipoproteins - composed primarily of protein collect from blood bring back to liver |
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Lipid metabolism |
Conversion of food fat to body fat 60% of energy requirement for body at rest 1kg fat provides 30000kj Requires carbs and protein for breakdown of fat |
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Food influencing protein requirements |
Body size Protein quality Energy intake adequacy New tissue requirement Development muscle mass Trauma stress infection Amino acid antagonism |
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What is proteins |
20 different amino acids 9 of which are essential Each amino acid has a group a hydrogen atom and side group |
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Amino acid chains are linked by peptide bonds what are the names of these |
Dipeptide = 2 AA bond together Tripeptide = 3 bond together |
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Digestion of protein |
Stomach - partial breakdown of protein - makes pepsin Small intestine further hydrolysis of entering polypeptides |
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Proteins in the body |
Protein is constantly being broken down and synthesised in the body Denatured by head and acid Determined by genetic info and unique to individuals |
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Protein synthesis |
The instruction for making every protein in a persons body are transmitted by way of the genetic information received at conception |
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Roles of proteins in the body |
Hormones - regulate body processes and some hormones are proteins - insulin and glucagon Building materials for growth and maintenance - colleges filled with minerals - strength bonds and teeth, tissues including skin, hair, nails Enzymes Regulators of fluid balance - plasma attract water Prevent or oedema Antibodies Acid base regulators Transporters - carry lipids, vitamins, minerals and oxygen
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Enzymes |
Proteins that facilitate anabolic and catabolic chemical reactions Enzymes don’t participate and aren’t changed by reaction |
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Ammonia |
Toxic to the body Liver combines with carbon dioxide = urea Urea cleared from blood by kidneys Adequate fluids required to remove urea from blood |
