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96 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Name the 5 kingdoms of phototrophic bacteria.
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1. cyanobacteria
2. proteobacteria * purple sulfur * purple nonsulfur 3. green filamentous 4. green sulfur 5. gram + heliobacteria |
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Phototrophic Bacteria:
Name it's energy source: e- source: C source: |
Phototrophic Bacteria:
energy source: LIGHT e- source: REDUCED CHEMICALS C source: CO2 |
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Phototrophic Bacteria:
site of photosynthesis: types of photosynthesis: |
Phototrophic Bacteria:
site of photosynthesis: *PHOTOSYNTHETIC MEMBRANE SYSTEMS * EXTENSION OF CM types of photosynthesis: *ANOXYGENIC *OXYGENIC |
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Phototrophic Bacteria:
Cyanobacteria - *evolved 2.5-3bya *fossils are stromatolites *gave early earth O2 Name it's ecological significance: |
Phototrophic Bacteria:
Cyanobacteria - ecological significance: PRODUCED O2- OXY. PHOTOSYNTHESIS FIXES CO2- REMOVED GREENHOUSE GAS FIXES ATM N2 PRODUCTION- N2 LIMITING REAGENT PREVENTS BUILDUP RECYCLES N2 INTO BIOSPHERE HETEROCYSTS |
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Phototrophic Bacteria:
Cyanobacteria - Name it's photosynthetic pigments |
Phototrophic Bacteria:
Cyanobacteria - photosynthetic pigments: CHLOROPHYLL A [GREEN PLANTS] ACESSORY PIGMENTS: PHYCOBILISOMBS PROTEINS: PHYCOBILIOPROTEINS PHYCOCYANIN IS BLUE BLUE-GREEN ALGAE PHOTOSYNTHETIC MEMBRANES ARE THYLACOIDS |
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Phototrophic Bacteria:
Cyanobacteria - PHOTOSYNTHETIC MEMBRANES ARE THYLACOIDS~ what are they? |
Phototrophic Bacteria:
Cyanobacteria - THYLACOID MEMBRANE RESEMBLES MEMBRANES IN CHLOROPLAST BUT HAS NO CHLOROPLAST. |
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Phototrophic Bacteria:
Cyanobacteria - *Name the cell structures |
Phototrophic Bacteria:
Cyanobacteria - *Name the cell structures HETEROCYSTS: differiated cells that fix N2 and lack PSII (no O2) AKINETE: a resting spore that has poor growth conditions like darkness, desiccation, or freezing |
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Phototrophic Bacteria:
Cyanobacteria - Common genera - SPIRULINA |
Phototrophic Bacteria:
Cyanobacteria - SPIRULINA *helical/filamentous *cells form TRICHOMES which are a group of cells in close contact - that lie parallel *single cell protein is alternative food |
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Phototrophic Bacteria:
Cyanobacteria - Common genera - ANABAENA & NOSTIC |
Phototrophic Bacteria:
Cyanobacteria - ANABAENA & NOSTOC: *fix N2 *widely distributed *heterocysts NOSTOC= sheaths surround cells *mats *biofilm ANABAENA - similar genera |
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Phototrophic Bacteria:
Proteobacteria PURPLE BACTERIA is: morphologically diverse *anoygenic Name its PIGMENTS: |
Phototrophic Bacteria:
Proteobacteria purple bacteria - PIGMENTS - *has a pigment called bacteriochlorphyll that captures and process light energy (absoubs 805-1040nm) *CAROTENOIDS - photoprotective role |
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Phototrophic Bacteria:
Proteobacteria purple bacteria - HAS A PHOTOSYNTHETIC MEMBRANE SYSTEM AND PROKARYOTIC MEMBRANE SYSTEM NAME THEM AND THEIR ROLES |
Phototrophic Bacteria:
Proteobacteria purple bacteria - PHOTOSYNTHETIC MEMBRANE SYSTEM ---intracytoplasmic membrane-- LOCATION OF PIGMENTS INCREASES SURFACE AREA ENHANCES LIGHT GATHERING --LOW LIGHT *HI*INTERNAL MEMBRANES *HI*PIGMENTS --HI LIGHT *LO*INTERNAL MEMBRANES *LO*PIGMENTS ------ PROKARYOTIC MEMBRANE SYSTEM --cytoplasmic membrane inragination-- *MEMBRANE STAKCS - LAMELLER FORM RESICLES |
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Phototrophic Bacteria:
Proteobacteria |
Phototrophic Bacteria:
Proteobacteria |
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Phototrophic Bacteria:
Proteobacteria |
Phototrophic Bacteria:
Proteobacteria |
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Phototrophic Bacteria:
Proteobacteria |
Phototrophic Bacteria:
Proteobacteria |
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Name the two groups of purples
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Purple sulfur
*e-source: reduced S [hi sulfide] Purple nonsulfur *e-source: H2 organic, low sulfur, low sulfide *cannot tolerate hi sulfite |
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Purple Sulfur
Where does it live? |
Purple Sulfur
*aquatic/mud/sediments *illuminated *anoxic zones *hi sulfide |
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What are meromictic lakes?
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*permanently stratified
*dense water at bottom -sulfide produced in the sediment -diffuses to anoxic zone -purple sulfurs form massive stratified blooms *grow anaerobically with light |
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Purple Sulfur
Chromatium |
Purple Sulfur
Chromatium *S GRANULES W/IN CELL *RODS/OVALS *POLAR TUFT FLAGELLA *LARGE *NO GAS VESICLES |
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Purple Sulfur
THIOSPIRILLUM |
Purple Sulfur
THIOSPIRILLUM *SPRIRILLUM *NO GAS VESICLES *POLAR FLAGELLA *S GRANULES INSIDE CELL |
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Purple Sulfur
ECTOTHIOHODOSPIRA |
Purple Sulfur
ECTOTHIOHODOSPIRA *SPIRILLA *S GRANULES OUTSIDE CELL *SOME HALOPHILIC *INHABITING SALINE TUBES *MARINE ENVIRONMENTS |
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Purple Sulfur
THIOPEDIA |
Purple Sulfur
THIOPEDIA *COCCUS *SHEETS OF CELLS (16-32) *GAS VESICLES |
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PURPLE NONSULFUR
HAS "RHODO" PREFIX |
PURPLE NONSULFUR-
RHODOSPIRILLUM -SPIRILLUM *POLAR FLAGELLA (SMALL) RHODOCYCLUS -RING SHAPED RHODOSPEUDOMONAS -ROD -POLAR FLAGELLA -DIVIDES BY BUDDING |
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GREEN SULFUR BACTERIA
-PHOTOTROPHIC -BACT. KINGDOM -ANOXYGENIC NAME SOME CHARACTERISTICS. |
GREEN SULFUR BACTERIA
-PHOTOTROPHIC -BACT. KINGDOM -ANOXYGENIC -E SOURCE: REDUCED S -NONMOTILE -STORE S GRANULES OUTSIDE CELL -BACTERIOCHLOROPHYLLS -PHOTOSYNTHETIC MEMBRANE SYSTEM |
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GREEN SULFUR BACTERIA
CHLOROSOME |
*OBLONG
*LIES ALONG CM *SITE PHOTOSYNTHESIS *LIGHT HARVESTER * LOW ABS LIGHT @ 705-755 NM |
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Green Sulfur Bacteria
Habitat: *Aquatic (deep/conc. mud) *Hi sulfide(base of lake) *lo light *tolerate high amts of S *higher S conc. than Purple S Bact *grow below other phototrophs in stratified lakes Name one genera |
Green Sulfur Bacteria
CHLOROBIUM: -STRICT ANAEROBE -STRAIGHT CURVED ROD |
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GREEN FILAMENTOUS BACT.
-PHOTOTROPH -BACT. KINGDOM -ANCIENT PHYLUM -ANOXYGENIC -CELL SHAPE: FILAMENTOUS -E SOURCE: PRIMARILY H2 & ORGANIC - SOME S -C SOURCE: CO2 -CHLOROSOMES NAME ONE GENERA |
GREEN FILAMENTOUS BACT.
CHLOROFLEXUS: -MULTICELLULAR FILAMENTOUS -THICK MATS IN HOT SPRINGS |
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GRAM + KINGDOM-- PHOTOTROPH
-RECENTLY DISCOVERED -LOW GC GROUP -RELATED TO CLOSTRIDIUM -STRICT ANAEROBES -E- SOURCE/C SOURCE: ORGANIC CMPDS -DON'T FIX CO2 -FIXES N2 |
GRAM + CELLULAR CHARACTERISTICS:
-SOME PRODUCE ENDOSPORES -USUALLY RED/BROWN IN COLOR DUE TO CATENOID/PLUROSPORENE -ROD SHAPED WITH POINTED ENDS -FORM BUNDLES OF 6-10 CELLS -BUNDLES MOTILE AS A UNIT |
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GRAM + HABITAT
WHERE DO THEY LIVE? |
GRAM + HABITAT
IN TROPICAL SOILS LIKE RICE PATTY FIELDS AND HELP FIX N2 |
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GRAM + = "HELIO"
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HELIOBACTER
HELIOBACILLUS HELIOPHILUM |
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PHOTOTROPHS SUMMARY
WHAT IS THE DIFF. BW CYANOBACTERIA AND OTHER PHOTOSYNTHETIC BACT? |
CYANOBACTERIA VS OTHER PHOTOSYN
*OXYGENIC =ANOXYGENIC *E SOURCE-H2O =E- NOT H20 *WAVELENGTH =VARIOUS LIGHT: 650NM WAVELENGTHS -PHOTOSYSTEMS '' I&II I *PLANTS/ALGAE *BACTERIOCHLOROPHYLL |
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THE SPATIAL OF PHOTOTROPHS IN A STRATIFIED LAKE SEDIMENT
TOP LAYER TO BOTTOM? |
THE SPATIAL OF PHOTOTROPHS IN A STRATIFIED LAKE SEDIMENT
TOP - CYANOBACTERIA MIDDLE - PURPLES BOTTOM - GREENS |
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PHOTOTROPH NUTRIENT GRADIENTS
-LIGHT? -O2? -H2O? |
PHOTOTROPH NUTRIENT GRADIENTS
-LIGHT: WAVELENGTHS -O2: HIGH TOP -H2O: HIGH BOTTOM |
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PHYLUM-PROTEOBACTERIA
VINEGAR BACTERIA: NAME SOME CHARACTERISTICS |
PHYLUM-PROTEOBACTERIA
VINEGAR BACTERIA: -ROD SHAPED -AEROBE -OXIDASE+ -COMMERICAL PROD. -ACETIC ACID |
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PHYLUM-PROTEOBACTERIA
VINEGAR BACTERIA: VINEGAR PRODUCTION (DRAW) |
PHYLUM-PROTEOBACTERIA
VINEGAR BACTERIA: VINEGAR PRODUCTION -OXIDATION PROCESS - C& E FLOW |
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PHYLUM-PROTEOBACTERIA
VINEGAR BACTERIA: HABITAT ROLE |
PHYLUM-PROTEOBACTERIA
VINEGAR BACTERIA: HABITAT: FLOWERS/FRUITS HONEY BEE POLLEN ROLE -SPOILAGE OF BEVERAGES :ALCOHOL PRODS :BEER AND WINE |
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PHYLUM-PROTEOBACTERIA
VINEGAR BACTERIA: GENERA- ACETOBACTER |
PHYLUM-PROTEOBACTERIA
VINEGAR BACTERIA: GENERA- ACETOBACTER -PERITTRICHOUS FLAGELLA -COMPLETE TCA -COMPLETE OXIDATION OF ETOH CH3CH2OH -> CO2 |
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PHYLUM-PROTEOBACTERIA
VINEGAR BACTERIA: GENERA- GLUCONOBACTER |
PHYLUM-PROTEOBACTERIA
VINEGAR BACTERIA: GENERA- GLUCONOBACTER -POLAR FLAGELLA -UNDEROXIDIZER -INCOMPLETE TCA -NO SUCCINATE DEHYDRO. CH3CH2OH -> CH300H ETHANOL -> ACETIC ACID |
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Acetobacter
A. acetii |
Acetobacter
A. acetii -ethanol agar (CaCO3) -HAc produced -pH drops -CaCO3 dissolves & clearing zones |
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Acetobacter
A. xylinum |
Acetobacter
A. xylinum -makes cellulose -chains secrete thru pores -used in textile industry -no lignin, hemicellulose |
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Acetobacter
A. xylinum Cultivation 2 types |
Acetobacter
A. xylinum Cultivation 2 types --Static culture cells & cellulose mass -surface liquid medium -pellicle --Skake Flask Culture -cellulose not found -no pellicle formation |
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Thermophilic/ Hyperthermic Bact.
3 temps |
Thermophilic/ Hyperthermic Bact.
3 temps: min growth temp (no growth) opt. growth temp (max rate) max growth temp (no growth above) |
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Thermophilic/ Hyperthermic Bact.
Life |
Thermophilic/ Hyperthermic Bact.
Life ASSOCIATED W/ GEOTHERMAL ACTIV. --CONTINENTAL HOT SPRINGS ----YELLOWSTONE --HYDROTHERMAL VENTS ----OCEAN FLOOR/COASTAL REG. HYDROTHERMAL VENTS --OCEAN FLOOR ---CONTINENTAL RIFTS ----TECT. PLATES MEET --UNDERWATER HOT SPRING VOLCA. -EMIT HYDROTHERMAL FLUID -6 TO 380*c --PROVIDE HEAT/MINERALS AND INVERTERBRATE/MO LIFE |
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Thermophilic/ Hyperthermic Bact.
SIGNIFICANCE |
Thermophilic/ Hyperthermic Bact.
SIGNIFICANCE COMMERICALLY: -SOURCE FOR ENZYMES -TOLERATE HI TEMPS -THERMAL INDUSTRIAL PROCESS ECOL. --NUTRIENT CYCLING ORIGIN TO PROGENOTE SOCIETY |
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Thermophilic/ Hyperthermic Bact.
THERMOTOGA |
Thermophilic/ Hyperthermic Bact.
THERMOTOGA -BACT. KINGDOM/GENUS -GROWTH RANGE: OPT GROWTH (80*c) -THERMOPHIL/HYPER -FERMENTATIVE-ANAEROBIC -UNIQUE SHEATH -UNUSUAL CW LIPIDS (USUALLY ESTER LINKED) *RESIST HI TEMPS *PREVENT MELTING |
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Thermophilic/ Hyperthermic Bact.
THERMODESULFOBACTERIUM |
Thermophilic/ Hyperthermic Bact.
THERMODESULFOBACTERIUM -BACT. KINGDOM/GENUS -THERMOPHILIC: OPT GROWTH (70*) -SULFATE REDUCING ANAEROBIC RESPIR. SULFACE AS TEA -ESTER LINKED LIPID CM -FOUND AT HOT OIL RESEVOIRS |
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Thermophilic/ Hyperthermic Bact.
THERMOMICROBIUM |
Thermophilic/ Hyperthermic Bact.
-GREEN SULF. BACT. KINGDOM THERMOMICROBIUM -OPT TEMP 70-75* -THERMOPHILIC -UNUSAL CM LIPIDS -NO DIESTER/DIETHER LINK **HYDROCARBONS ARE LONG CHAIN AND DIALOCHOL -GENUS |
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Thermophilic/ Hyperthermic Bact.
THERMOLEPHILIUM |
Thermophilic/ Hyperthermic Bact.
THERMOLEPHILIUM -BACT. KINGDOM/GENUS -GROWTH 55-65* (THERMOPHILE) -C SOURCE: N-ALKANES -C13 TO C20 CARBONS ALIPATHIC HYDROCARBONS SINGLE C-C BONDS |
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Thermophilic/ Hyperthermic Bact.
Aquifex |
Thermophilic/ Hyperthermic Bact.
Aquifex -BACT. KINGDOM -GROWTH 60-90*C (THERMO-HYPER) -AEROBIC/MICROAEROPHILIC -HYDROGEN AUTOTROPHS H2 + O2 -> H2O -WATER MARK -OLD BACT. LINEAGE -DIETHER LINKED ON |
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THERMUS/DEINOCOCCUS
-BACT. KINGDOM -OBLIGATE AEROBES -HETERTROPH -FILAMENTOUS 200 UM -OPT G. 70*C (THERMOPHILIC) -WIDELY DIST. -HOT TAP WATER |
THERMUS/DEINOCOCCUS
SIG: MOLECULE BIOLOGY -DNA/ TAQ POLYMERASE -HEAT RESISTANT -POLYMERASE CHAIN RXN =DNA AMPLIFICATION -RESISTS DENATURATION =REPEATED EXPOSURE TO HEAT =CYCLES REQUIRE PCR |
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THERMUS/DEINOCOCCUS
DEINOCOCCUS -GRAM + -MESO/THERMOPHILIC -RESISTS HI RADIATION -GAMMA RADIATION -UV LIGHT -ISOLATED NEAR ATOMIC REACTORS |
DEINOCOCCUS
-GRAM + -MESO/THERMOPHILIC -RESISTS HI RADIATION -GAMMA RADIATION -UV LIGHT -ISOLATED NEAR ATOMIC REACTORS |
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THERMUS/DEINOCOCCUS
DEINOCOCCUS RADIODURANS |
DEINOCOCCUS
DEINOCOCCUS RADIODURANS -COMPLETE CW MULTILAYERED STRUCTURE ORNITHINE -CARENTOIDS RED OR PINK SCAVENGE RADICALS -PROTECT ENZYMES (FREE RADS) -ENHANCED DNA REPAIR |
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BACTEROIDES KINGDOM
-GENUS -GRAM - -STRICT ANAEROBES -FERMENTATIVE -SACCHAROLYTIC -CIGAR SHAPED -CM IS SHINGOLIPIDS (RARE) |
BACTEROIDES KINGDOM
HABITAT: -GI TRACT (WARM BLOODED) LARGE INTEST. (MOST) 30% FECES -RUMEN (DEER, COW, BUFFALO) ROLE: -NORMAL FLORA IN GI/RUMEN -SOME CAUSE DISEASE OPPURT. PATHOGEN INTESTINAL WALL DISRUPTED -AID IN DIGESTION OF FOOD -RELEASES VITAMINS -BY PRODUCT: VFA |
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BACTEROIDES KINGDOM
FLAVOBACTERIUM |
BACTEROIDES KINGDOM
FLAVOBACTERIUM -AQUATIC -FOODS/FOOD PROCESSING PLANT -USES ONLY GLUCOSE (C & ENERGY SOURCE) -COLONIES YELLOW PIGMENTED -RARELY PATHOGENIC EXCEPT FOR INFECT MENGITIS |
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PLANETOMYCES
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-KINGDOM
-UNICELLULAR/FILAMENTOUS -MANY STALKED -INTERNAL COMPARTMENTS -NUCLEUS -LIFE CYCLE -NO PG IN CW BUT HAVE PROTEIN -AQUATIC |
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PLANETOMYCES
THE GENERA |
PLANETOMYCES
THE GENERA -PLANKTO (WANDERER/FLOATING) -MYCES (FUNGUS) -OVAL/ROUND SHAPES -STALKS/ROSETTES |
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PLANETOMYCES BEKEFII
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PLANETOMYCES BEKEFII
-FORMS ROSETTES -AQUATIC -HOLDFAST/STALKS |
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PLANETOMYCES GUTTACFORMIS
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PLANETOMYCES GUTTACFORMIS
-FRESHWATER LAKES -NOT CULTIVATED -FORMS ROSETTES -HAVE LONG SPIKES |
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PLANETOMYCES MARIS
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PLANETOMYCES MARIS
-MARINE -BUDDING -STALKS -> HOLDFAST TIP -FLAGELLA |
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PLANETOMYCES:
LIFE CYCLE |
PLANETOMYCES:
LIFE CYCLE DIMORPHIC: -SWARMER CELL FLAGELLUM FREE SWIMMING NO BUDDING MOTHER CELL VEGATIVE STALK HOLDFAST BUDDING AT TIP |
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PLANETOMYCES:
ISOSPHAERA |
PLANETOMYCES:
ISOSPHAERA -FILAMENTOUS -MULTILCELLULAR -MOTILE: GLIDES -LONG CHAINS -NO STALK/HOLDFAST -~100 um -GAS VESCICLES HABITAT: -HOT SPRINGS (45-55*c) -NEUTRAL/ALKALINE THERMOPHILIC |
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PLANETOMYCES:
PIRELLULA |
PLANETOMYCES:
PIRELLULA "LITTLE PEAR" -FRESHWATER -NO STALKS BUT ROSETTES |
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PLANETOMYCES:
GEMMATA |
PLANETOMYCES:
GEMMATA -FRESHWATER -BUDDING -SPHERICAL -NO STALKS/HOLDFAST -PUCKERS/DIMPLES -HAVE MEMBRANE BOUND NUCLEUS |
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CHLAMYDIA
BACT. KINGDOM RELATED TO PLANETOMYCES |
CHLAMYDIA
-INTRACELLULAR =PARASITES =PATHOGENS =REPRODUCE IN HOST CELLS -SMALL GENOME ~1000 KB -LIMITED METABOLISM 3 GENERA |
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CHLAMYDIA
C. TRACHOMATIS |
CHLAMYDIA
C. TRACHOMATIS -CONJUNCTIVIS: LEADING CAUSE OF BLINDNESS IN HUMANS -TRACHOMA -MOST COMMON STD -3 TO 10 MIL CASES/YR |
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CHLAMYDIA
LIFE CYCLE |
CHLAMYDIA
LIFE CYCLE 2 CELLULAR TYPES: ELEMENTARY BODY: TRANSMISSION/INFECTION RETICULATE BODY: ULTRACELLULAR MULTIPLICATION |
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SPIROCHETES
-BACT. KINGDOM -HELICAL SHAPED ~3 to 250 um in size -CELLS FLEXIBLE MOTILE -ENDOFLAGELLA |
SPIROCHETES
ENDOFLAGELLA -AXIAL FILAMENTS -PERIPLASMIC SPACE -ALWAYS EVEN # -ANCHORED AT ONE POLE -UNATTACHED AT OTHER POLE -MIN 2 FLAGELLA -MOVEMENT LIKE CORKSCREW |
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SPIROCHETES
ENDOFLAGELLA: MOTILITY |
SPIROCHETES
ENDOFLAGELLA: MOTILITY ADAPTATION MOVE THRU VISCIOUS ENVIRONMENT -HUMAN BODY ADAPTS INCLUDE: CELL SHAPE: BORE INTO TISSUE ENDOFLAGELLA: NO EXTERNAL APPENDAGES/ SLOW DOWN MOVEMENT |
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SPIROCHETES
PHYSIOLOGY |
SPIROCHETES
PHYSIOLOGY -CHEMOHETEROTROPHS -ANAEROBE/AEROBES -PATHOGENS: PARASITIC -NONPATHOGENIC |
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SPIROCHETES
TREPONEMA PATHDUM |
SPIROCHETES
TREPONEMA PATHDUM: -MICROAEROPHILIC -CAUSES SYPHILIS (std) -HUMANS -NOT CULTIVATED VIA IN VITRO -USES RABBIT TESTES TO STUDY |
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SPIROCHETES
BORRELIA BURGDORFERI |
SPIROCHETES
BORRELIA BURGDORFERI -LYME DISEASE LYME,CT IN '75 -8,000 CASES YR -LINEAR CHROMOSOMES -CIRCULAR MICROAREOPHILIC -TICK BORNE DISEASE |
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SPIROCHETES
BORRELIA BURGDORFERI TRANSMISSION |
SPIROCHETES
BORRELIA BURGDORFERI TRANSMISSION -RESERVOIRS-RESIDES NATUR. -DEER -WHITE FOOTED MOUSE -VOLES -ARTHROPOD BORNE -TICK GET MO VIA RESERVOIR -GETS ON YOU -> TRANSMITS TO MO TO HUMANS VIA BITE OR FECES |
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SPIROCHETES
BORRELIA BURGDORFERI- LYME DISEASE SYMTOMS |
SPIROCHETES
BORRELIA BURGDORFERI- LYME DISEASE SYMTOMS -LARGE RED RASH - BULL'S EYE -INFECTION SITE -HEADACHES, CHILLS, ARTHRITIS, INTERFERES WITH CNS |
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SPIROCHETES
LEPTOSPIRA (FROM DOG/CAT) |
SPIROCHETES
LEPTOSPIRA (FROM DOG/CAT) -AEROBIC -EATS LONG CHAIN OF FATTY ACIDS ALEIC ACID ENERGY= C HOOKS ON BOTH ENDS ENDOFLAGELLA 2 LEPTOSIROSIS IN HUMANS VACCINATE - HEAT KILL PREP OF ORGANSIMS |
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SPIROCHETES
CRISTISPIRA |
SPIROCHETES
CRISTISPIRA -DIGESTIVE TRACT OF MOLLUSKS/CLAMS/OYSTERS -NOT BEEN CULTIVATED |
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PLOTEOBACTER
HELIOBACTER |
PLOTEOBACTER
HELIOBACTER -GM - -SPIRILIUM SHAPED -MOTILE: CORKSCREW -PATHOGENIC IN HUMANS/ANIM. MICROAEROPHILIC - LO OXY (3 TO 15%) - HI CO2 (3 TO 10%) |
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PLOTEOBACTER
CAMPYLOBACTER |
PLOTEOBACTER
CAMPYLOBACTER -GASTROENTERITIS IN HUMANS -ENTEROTOXIN- CHOLERA TOXIN NAUSEA, AB CRAMPS, BLOODY STOOL -TRANSMITTED VIA BAD FOOD MEAT/WATER AVOID BY WASHING HANDS, MEAT, UTENSILS/CUTTING BOARDS AND COOK |
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PLOTEOBACTER
HELIOBACTER PYLORI |
PLOTEOBACTER
HELIOBACTER PYLORI -GASTROENTERITIS -PEPTIC ULCERS (80%) IN STOMACH LINING -TRANSMISSION UNKOWN IN HUMANS |
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PLOTEOBACTER
CAMPYLOBACTER JEJUNI |
PLOTEOBACTER
CAMPYLOBACTER JEJUNI -DIAHERRIA IN CHILD -FROM CHICKEN/TURKEY -RARE FROM BEEF |
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PROTEOBACTER
CAMPYLOBACTER FETUS |
PLOTEOBACTER
CAMPYLOBACTER FETUS -DIAHERRIA IN CHILD -SPONT ABORTION IN SHEEP/CATTLE -ECONOMIC LOSS TO FARMERS |
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PROTEOBACTERIA
N-FIXING BACTERIA -FIX ATM N2 -UNIQUE TO PROK. |
PROTEOBACTERIA
SIG: ECO- N CYCLING AG- SOYBEANS (120 MILL TONS OF N2 FIX/YEAR) |
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PROTEOBACTERIA
N-FIXING BACTERIA 2 TYPES |
PROTEOBACTERIA
N-FIXING BACTERIA 2 TYPES 1. FREE LIVING NO SYMBIOTIC RELATIONSHIP 2. SYMBIOTIC REQUIRES RELATIONSHIP |
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PROTEOBACTERIA
N-FIXING BACTERIA 1. FREE LIVING NO SYMBIOTIC RELATIONSHIP ----AZOTOBACTER |
PROTEOBACTERIA
N-FIXING BACTERIA FREE LIVING NO SYMBIOTIC RELATIONSHIP AZOTOBACTER -OBL. AEROBE -LARGE CELLS -GM - -PLEOMORPHIC SHAPE -RESTING CELLS OR CYSTS |
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PROTEOBACTERIA
N-FIXING BACTERIA FREE LIVING NO SYMBIOTIC RELATIONSHIP AZOSPIRILLUM |
PROTEOBACTERIA
N-FIXING BACTERIA FREE LIVING NO SYMBIOTIC RELATIONSHIP AZOSPIRILLUM -SPIRILLUM SHAPED -MICROAEROPHILLIC -AG SOILS W/ WHEAT/CORN NOT SYMBIOT -SOIL INOCULANT FOR COMM. |
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PROTEOBACTERIA
N-FIXING BACTERIA SYMBIOTIC LEGUMINOIS PLANTS |
PROTEOBACTERIA
N-FIXING BACTERIA SYMBIOTIC LEGUMINOIS PLANTS -POD FORMERS RHIZOBIUM: PEAS, BEANS, CLOVERS BRADYRHIZOBIUM: SOYBEAN COMMON TO BOTH; -INFECTION IN ROOTS -SITE OF N2 FIXATION -AEROBIC -NITROGENASE PROTECTION -IN ROOT NODULES -CHEM MADE "LEGHEMOGLOBIN" WHICH IS A O2 BUFFER, THAT BINDS TO FREE O2 AND LIMITS CONTACT WITH NITROGENASE |
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PROTEOBACTERIA
N-FIXING BACTERIA SYMBIOTIC GENETICS OF ROOT NODULE |
PROTEOBACTERIA
N-FIXING BACTERIA SYMBIOTIC GENETICS OF ROOT NODULE -RHIZOBIUM- SYMBIOSIS WITH PLASMID 1. NOD GENES B. NIF GENES NONLEGUMINOUS PLANT- FRANKIA (NOT PROTEOBACT.) WITH ALDER TREE CYANOBACTERIA WITH AZOLLA |
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PROTEOBACTERIA
MAGNETOTACTIC BACT. -MANY CELL SHAPES -POLAR FLAGELLA -AEROBIC, MICROAEROPHILLIC, ANAEROBIC -FEW CULTIVATED |
PROTEOBACTERIA
MAGNETOTACTIC BACT. HABITAT: -AQUATIC -LIVE IN SEDIMENT-WATER OXIC-ANOXIC TRANSITION ZONE NUTRIENTS- O2, IRON CELL STRUCTURE: -MAGNETIC/IRON PARTICLES -ENCLOSED IN MEMBRANE IS MAGNETITIE -FORMS MAGNETIC DIPOLE |
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CHEMOLITHOTROPHIC BACT
-O2 NEEDED -AEROBIC -OBTAINS ENERGY BY OXIDIZED REDUCED CHEMS UNIQUE TO PROK -OBTAINS CARBON BY CO2 FIXATION AUTOTROPHIC |
CHEMOLITHOTROPHIC BACT
CHEM. ENERGY/ ELECTRON SOURCE - FE++ = FERROUS - H2S/S* = SULFIDE/SULFUR - H2 - NH3 = AMMONIA |
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CHEMOLITHOTROPHIC BACT
THIOBAC. FERROXIDANS |
CHEMOLITHOTROPHIC BACT
THIOBAC. FERROXIDANS -OXIDIZERS IRON - FERROUS ACIDOPHILIC FE++ REDUCED FE+++ FERRIC OXIDIZED HABIT -COAL REFUSE PILES SIG MINING - METAL -CORROSION TO PLUMBING ENVIRO -RELEASE METALS -ACID MINE DRAINAGE |
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CHEMOLITHOTROPHIC BACT
GALLONIONELLA FERRUGINEA |
CHEMOLITHOTROPHIC BACT
GALLONIONELLA FERRUGINEA OXIDIZE IRON PRODUCES FILAMENTS OF IRON-OXIDE TWISTED MASS RED-BROWN NATURAL SPRINGS WITH IRON |
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SULFUR OXIDIZING BACT.
ENERGY/E SOURCE: OXIDAZE REDUCED S C SOURCE: FIX CO2 BY PRODUCT: H2SO4 |
EXAMPLE: THIOBACCILLUS THIOOXIDAN
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SULFUR OXIDIZING BACT.
THIOTHRIX |
SULFUR OXIDIZING BACT.
THIOTHRIX -FILAMENTOUS -S* GRANULES W/IN CELLS -LIKES H2S |
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SULFUR OXIDIZING BACT.
THIOPLACA |
SULFUR OXIDIZING BACT.
THIOPLACA LIKE H2S, S S GRANULES WITHIN CELLS SHEATJH LRG GAS VACUOLES MARINE SEDIMENTS |
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SULFUR OXIDIZING BACT.
BEGGIATOA |
SULFUR OXIDIZING BACT.
BEGGIATOA LIKES H2S MOTILITY- GLIDING S GRANULES INSIDE CELL LIVES IN SULFIDE RICH ENVIROS SULFUR SPRINGS HYDROTHERMAL VENTS SEWAGE PLANTS RHIZOSPHERE OF SWAMP PLANTS |
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CHEMOTRPHIC BACTERIA
NITRIFYING BACT. -USED REDUCED N AS ENERGY -NH3, NO2 -SOILS/AQUATIC 2 MAIN RXNS |
CHEMOTRPHIC BACTERIA
2 MAIN RXNS- AMONNIA OXIDIZERS -NITROSO PREFIX LIKE NITROSOMAS 2 NH3 -> NO2 + (H-) + (E-) NITRITE OXIDIZERS NITRO PREFIX LIKE NITROBACTER NO2 -> NO3 + H- + E- INTERNAL MEMBRANE SYSTEMS -ENZYMES FOR NITROFICATION PROCESS |
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CHEMOTRPHIC BACTERIA
NITRIFYING BACT. SIG: |
CHEMOTRPHIC BACTERIA
NITRIFYING BACT. SIG: ECO- N CYCLING PREVENT NITRITE BUILDIP AG- NH3 APPLICATION- NITRATES - ACCUMULATE IN H20 BABY BLUE SYNDROME |
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S/SULFATE REDUCING BACT.
PROTEOBACT. - KINGDOM CHARACTERISTICS: |
S/SULFATE REDUCING BACT.
PROTEOBACT. - KINGDOM CHARACTERISTICS: -SO4-/S* = FINAL E- ACCEPTOR -ANAEROBIC RESP. -ORG/H2= E- DONOR PREFER LACTIC ACID BY PROD.= H2S- EXCRETED |
