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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The main Properties of Language are
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regularly structured, productive, and dynamic. |
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Multiplicity of structure
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The basic idea in the sentence "The girl walked the dog" is fundamentally the same as that in "The dog was walked by the girl." This description illustrates language's
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Phone |
The __________ is the smallest distinguishable unit of all possible human speech sounds.
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80,000
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The average adult speaker of English has a lexicon of about __________ morphemes.
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Verb phrase and noun phrase
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two parts that are present in every sentence?
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Motor |
According to the __________ theory of speech perception, the sounds /r/ and /l/ sound identical to a native Japanese speaker because he or she articulates them the same way.
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Transformational grammar
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____________ refers to rules used to generate surface structures from deep structures.
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Lexical
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_________ processes refer to the various cognitive processes involved in identifying letters and words, as well as in activating relevant information in memory about the words.
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Lexical access
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In __________, we identify words based on letter combinations and thereby activate our memory in regard to the words.
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Large vocabularies; small vocabularies
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Occasionally, readers encounter unknown words and must determine their meanings from the surrounding context. When this happens, readers with _______ use well-formulated strategies to figure out word meanings whereas readers with _______ use no clear strategy.
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Relativity
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Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Wharf were most forceful in propagating the linguistic __________ hypothesis.
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Additive
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__________ bilingualism refers to learning a second language in the context of a relatively well-developed first language.
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Subtractive
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__________ bilingualism refers to learning a second language in a way that elements of the second language replace elements of the first language.
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Slip of the tongue.
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"I'd really like to be her" instead of "I'd really like to see her" is an example of a linguistic error in which what we mean is different than what we say. This is called a(n)
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Speech acts
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__________ refer to any of five basic categories of speech, analyzed in terms of the purposes accomplished by the given act.
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Indirect request
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__________ refers to a form of speech in which the person makes a request in an oblique manner.
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Quantity, quality, relation, and manner.
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According to Grice (1967), successful conversations follow the following four maxims:
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The goals of conversation.
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Deborah Tannen's research on male-female conversation shows that gender differences in conversational style largely center on differing understandings of
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Non-human animals have the same brain structures as humans.
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All of the following reasons, except one, are used to justify the use of non-human animals in language research. Which of the following is not a reason for using non-human animals as subjects?
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Aphasia
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This general term indicates that there is an impairment in language functioning due to some damage to the brain (e.g., lesions).
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