Exam 3 Rivers And Shit

Front 1

This is the lowest possible point water can flow

Back 1

Base level

Front 2

What are the two determining factors for river flow?

Back 2

size

Climate it flows through

Front 3

What is created when precipitation rate exceeds soil infiltration?

What happens to the product of this interaction?

Back 3

Surplus

It starts overland flow or what's called sheet flow

Front 4

What are the two types of temporary channel created by sheet flow

Back 4

Rills

Gullies

Front 5

What are the three processes of Fluvial erosion?

Back 5

Raindrop impact that picks up and carries sediment

Sheetflow

Rills/gullies

Front 6

What happens when precipitation rate exceeds soil infiltration rate?

Back 6

Sheetflow

Front 7

When Sheetflow occurs where does it drain into?

Back 7

rills/Gullies

Front 8

A thin layer of water that moves downslope without being confined to channels

Back 8

Sheetflow

Front 9

What is the area occupied by the system of the river and its tributaries called?

Back 9

Drainage basin

Front 10

This type of drainage pattern is the most efficient way to move fluid

Back 10

Dendritic

Front 11

This type of drainage pattern is found where mountains are sources

Back 11

Radial

Front 12

This type of drainage pattern is spuratic and occurs when the landscape got ****** up

Back 12

Deranged

Hint 12

Glaciers make this

Front 13

How does a stream navigate across a resistant rock

Back 13

It goes straight through

Front 14

How does stream navigate through a non resistant rock type

Back 14

It creates more channels

Front 15

What the **** is a trellis?

Back 15

Near right angled streams formed over resistant rock

Front 16

How are canyons formed

Back 16

They are formed by streams cutting through resistant rock.l and non resistant rock is eroded through

Front 17

What is a superimposed stream?

Back 17

A steam on top of or passing through a mountain

Front 18

What are the 2 types of superimposed mountains?

Back 18

One that passes over a buried mountain

One that cuts through an emerging mountain range, creating a water gap and eventually a steam valley

Front 19

What are valleys formed from?

Back 19

Easily eroded rock

Front 20

What are the 3 ways a river can cut through a geological structure

Back 20

Antecedent stream (there first)

Cutting across uplifted ridge

River keeps pace with uplift

Front 21

What is Q

Back 21

The amount of water leaving the steam (discharge)

Front 22

Where does water move slowest?

Back 22

On the edges or top

Front 23

How do you calculate stream gradient?

Back 23

relief ÷ distance

Front 24

What is the Q for rock river?

Back 24

.5 m/km

Front 25

This type of gradient flow is low volume, moderate velocity, and turbulent flow

Back 25

Turbulent

Front 26

This type of flow type is high volume, high velocity

Back 26

Laminar

Front 27

When erosion = deposition what kind of steam is it?

Back 27

Graded steam

Front 28

If a river has decreased erosion what happens to it's base level and sediment load?

Back 28

^ base level

V sediment load

Front 29

If a river system has decreased base level what does that mean for its erosion and sediment load?

Back 29

^erosion

V sediment load

Front 30

This is the point in which water drops significantly

Back 30

Nickpoint

Front 31

What are the 3 processes that causes a river to erode rock

Back 31

Hydraulic action

Abrasion

Solution

Front 32

Hydraulic action

Back 32

Force of the water

Front 33

Abrasion

Back 33

Force of impact sediment

Front 34

Solution

Back 34

Dissolved sediment

Front 35

What are the 3 things that control Fluvial erosion

Back 35

Q

Friction on bed and banks

Erodibility of bed and banks

Front 36

What does Saltation mean?

Back 36

jumping

Front 37

How much is the average dissolved load?

Back 37

30%

Front 38

How much is the average suspended load?

Back 38

>50%

Front 39

What % is the bed load?

Back 39

10-20%

Front 40

What is the suspended load composed of?

Back 40

clay and silt

Front 41

What is the bedload composed of?

Back 41

sand and gravel

Front 42

What initiates deposition

Back 42

Decreased velocity

Front 43

What is Alluvium?

Back 43

Fluvial sediments deposited by a river

Front 44

Do large or small pieces of sediment get dropped first?

Back 44

large

Front 45

Order these in from first to last dropped

Sand/ silt/ gravel

Back 45

Gravel, sand, silt

Front 46

What is the gradient and development stage of a V shaped valley

Back 46

Steep

Early

Front 47

What is the gradient and development stage of a U shaped valley?

Back 47

Low

Old

Front 48

This type of channel pattern occurs when the load is too great to transport

Back 48

Braided

Front 49

This type of channel pattern occurs in a balanced graded steam

Back 49

Meandering

Front 50

Which moves faster, the inside of a curve or the outside of a curve?

Back 50

Outside

Front 51

How do valleys expand?

Back 51

The shifting river shape over time

Hint 51

Writhing snake

Front 52

Inside or outside, where is the river cut and where does it deposit sediment

Back 52

It cuts on the outside

Deposits on the inside

Front 53

What is a meander loop?

Back 53

A single curve or bend on a stream

Front 54

Watersheds are defined by?

Back 54

drainage divides

Front 55

Excess surface water percolates down through the zone of _____ to reach the zone of ______ at and below the water table

Back 55

Aeration

Saturation

Front 56

When a river reaches base level, it's forward velocity earthly decelerates as it enters a large body of standing water and ______ Is formed

Back 56

A delta

Front 57

History seems to teach us that humans are generally unwilling or unable to perceive hazards in a familiar environment. True or False?

Back 57

True