Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
85 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
traits that show continuous variation, i.e. cannot be put into discrete classes, are controlled by...
|
many genes
|
|
|
Alleles are....
|
different forms of a gene at a specific locus.
|
|
|
What is the sequence of the RNA molecule produced from this DNA template: GACTGCAC
|
CUGACGUG
|
|
|
Describe replication
|
making 2 DNA molecules from a DNA template
|
|
|
Synthesis of a protein in plant cells requires:
|
ribosomal RNA, messenger RNA, transfer RNA, amino acids
|
|
|
In plants, meiosis occurs in
|
flowers
|
|
|
What occurs during the S Phase of the cell cycle?
|
DNA replication
|
|
|
Cell division in bacteria produces:
|
offspring that are genetically identical to each other and the parent.
|
|
|
Meiosis creates novel combinations of genes by:
|
recombining genes between homologous chromosomes.
|
|
|
It occurs after DNA replication, a spindle helps move sister chromatids, produces genetically identical offspring, starts with a diploid cell.
|
MITOSIS. (key to remember that it DOES NOT end with 4 haploid cells...)
|
|
|
Does a trait that shows incomplete dominance still follow Mendel's rules of inheritance?
|
YES, only one allele is passed from each parent to each offspring.
|
|
|
In a DIhybrid cross between plants with 2 different traits, the ratio of PHENOTYPES in F2 would be:
|
9:3:3:1
|
|
|
T/F: The first amino acid in every protein is methionine.
|
True
|
|
|
T/F: All plants reproduce using flowers.
|
False
|
|
|
T/F: The ribosome translates DNA into RNA
|
False
|
|
|
T/F: Plants can reproduce only through sexual reproduction and alternation of generations.
|
False.
|
|
|
T/F: Bacteria and Archaea are ancient distinct groups of eukaryotes.
|
False
|
|
|
T/F/\: DNA replication is very accurate and makes few errors.
|
True
|
|
|
T/F: Meiosis takes place in cells in meristem tissue.
|
False
|
|
|
T/F: The fossil record contains very few examples of extinct plant species.
|
False
|
|
|
T/F: Cyanobacteria are the only bacteria that perform photosynthesis.
|
False
|
|
|
T/F: Spores are produced by meiosis.
|
True
|
|
|
T/F: No bacteria are able to fix nitrogen from the atmosphere.
|
False
|
|
|
T/F: 3 nucleotides encode each amino acid in the genetic code.
|
True
|
|
|
T/F: the number of chromosomes in a cell changes during meiosis
|
True
|
|
|
T/F: the female part of a flower contains a sigma and a style.
|
True
|
|
|
T/F: There are specific codons that start and stop the process of replication.
|
False
|
|
|
The sporophyte and the gametophyte of plants are ___cellular.
|
multicellular
|
|
|
In angiosperms the process of double fertilization produces:
|
zygote and endosperm
|
|
|
The large size of seeds compares to spores is an advantage because:
|
They are easier for birds to eat and they provide more nutrients to the embryo
|
|
|
In pine trees, the female gametophyte:
|
remains attached to the parental plant.
|
|
|
One of the weaknesses of Darwin's original theory of evolution by natural selection was that:
|
he didn't know how characteristics were inherited.
|
|
|
Compelling evidence that mitochondria and chloroplasts are derived from prokaryotes comes from
|
DNA sequence and analysis.
|
|
|
Among the angiosperms, monocots, and dicots can be distinguished by 3 things...
|
number of cotyledons, organization of vascular tissue in stems, and pattern of veins in leaves.
|
|
|
First group of green plants to colonize on land.
|
bryophytes
|
|
|
In which group of land plants is the gametophyte the predominant stage?
|
bryophytes
|
|
|
Which group of green plants was the first to contain chloroplasts?
|
green algae
|
|
|
Which group of green plants was the first to develop a lignified vascular system?
|
lycophytes
|
|
|
Which of group of green plants was the first to produce seeds?
|
gymnosperms
|
|
|
The seed consists of ____ surrounded by nutritive tissue.
|
an embryo
|
|
|
In bryophytes the sporophyte is...
|
attached to the gametphyte
|
|
|
All land plants evolved from which common ancestor?
|
green algae
|
|
|
What birds did Charles Darwin breed and us as an important example of artificial selection?
|
pigeons
|
|
|
Where does meiosis occur in plants?
|
anther an ovary
|
|
|
Gametes are...
|
egg and sperm
|
|
|
What are diploid and produce spores?
|
sporophytes
|
|
|
during the evolution of land plants, the gametophyte has...
|
decreased in size.
|
|
|
What are the structures that bryophytes use for asexual reproduction called?
|
gemmae cups
|
|
|
In bryophytes the ___ is the dominant, most conspicuous stage of a plant's life cycle.
|
gametophytes
|
|
|
Quantitative traits such as crop yield are affected by...
|
many genes.
|
|
|
Phenotype is observable and reflects the...
|
genotype
|
|
|
Does a trait that shows incomplete dominance still follow Mendel's rules of inheritance?
|
Yes, because only one allele is passed from each parent to offspring.
|
|
|
The synthesis of RNA from a DNA template is called:
|
transcription
|
|
|
The backbone of the DNA molecule is made up of:
|
phosphate and a sugar
|
|
|
genomes in chloroplasts and mitochondrion reveal they are most closely related to...
|
prokaryotes
|
|
|
The development of ___ is one of the major evolutionary advances in ferns and lycophytes
|
vascular system
|
|
|
What is the advantage of plant seeds being bigger than plant spores?
|
they can supply a large amount of food to the embryo.
|
|
|
gametophytes of ferns are haploid or diploid?
|
haploid
|
|
|
double fertilization in angiosperms create:
|
a zygote and endosperm
|
|
|
flowers are composed of 4 things:
|
sepals, petals, stamens, and pistils
|
|
|
after fertilization of an ovary, a flower becomes a...
|
fruit
|
|
|
what is the function of the pollen tube?
|
to carry 2 sperm nuclei to the ovule
|
|
|
for evolution of natural selection to occur, why is it important for the production of more offspring than will survive?
|
must be competition for resources.
|
|
|
What's the difference of synthetic theory of evolution from Darwin's?
|
the synthetic theory includes molecular biology and genetics.
|
|
|
Natural selection is sometimes referred to "survival of the fittest" because.
|
individuals with the most advantageous traits will usually have the highest survival rates.
|
|
|
T/F: genetic code varies from plants, animals, and bacteria.
|
False
|
|
|
T/F: the entire genome is transcribes into RNA in order to make protein.
|
False
|
|
|
T/F: Vascular plants evolved before plants colonized on land.
|
False
|
|
|
T/F: the genotype of a plant is not affected by it's environment.
|
True
|
|
|
T/F: 2 genes that are closely linked on the same chromosome will not segregate independently.
|
True
|
|
|
T/F: Genetic recombination does occur during mitosis.
|
False
|
|
|
T/F: Cyanobacteria are photosynthetic eukarotes.
|
False
|
|
|
T/F: Fusion of gametes is known as pollination.
|
False
|
|
|
T/F: Mosses are plants that lack a vascular system.
|
True
|
|
|
T/F: The fossil record contains evidence for many extinct groups of seed plants.
|
True
|
|
|
T/F: pollen is a multicellular gametophyte.
|
True
|
|
|
T/F: the male part of a flower is composed of an anther and filament.
|
True
|
|
|
T/F: Double fertilization is a unique feature of gymnosperms.
|
False
|
|
|
T/F: in angiosperms, the pollen tube delivers sperm to the egg.
|
True
|
|
|
T/F: A gametophyte produces gametes via mitosis.
|
True
|
|
|
T/F: Angiosperms are the most advanced group of land plants.
|
True
|
|
|
T/F: Angiosperms lack a sporophyte stage in their life cycle.
|
False
|
|
|
T/F: Environmental factors can affect the phenotype of a plant.
|
True
|
|
|
T/F: 1 feature of the traits Mendel studied in peas is they were hard to distinguish.
|
False
|
|
|
T/F: When an allele has incomplete dominance, the phenotype of the heterozygote is distinct from the homozygote.
|
True
|
