Exam 3 Anatomy Lecture 28: Digestive Ii

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EXAM 3 ANATOMY LECTURE 28: DIGESTIVE II

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EXAM 3 ANATOMY LECTURE 28: DIGESTIVE II

Front 2

Falciform ligament

Back 2

Attaches the liver to the anterior body wall.

Remnant of the ventral mesentery of the fetus.

Front 3

Peritoneum

Back 3

Serous membrane that forms the lining of the abdominal cavity.

Front 4

Perineum

Back 4

Region of the body inferior to the pelvic diaphragm and between the legs.

Includes the anus and vagina in females.

Front 5

Greater omentum

Back 5

Large fold of peritoneum that hangs down from the stomach.

Front 6

Functions fo the greater omentum?

Back 6

1. fat deposition
2. immune contribution
3. limits spreading of infection

NOTE: it's a remnant of the dorsal mesentery.

Front 7

Epiploic foramen

Back 7

Passage of communication between the greater sac and lesser sac.

This is how the greater and lesser sacs are connected.

Front 8

Lesser omentum

Back 8

Double layer of periotenum

Extends from liver to lesser curvature of stomach and start of duodenum.

NOTE: greater omentum: extends from GREATER curvature of stomach.

Front 9

Lesser omentum is composed of what two ligaments?

Back 9

1. gastrohepatic ligament
2. hepatoduodenal ligament

Front 10

Cardia of stomach

Back 10

Attached to esophagus

Front 11

Epithelium of the stomach?

Back 11

Columnar

Front 12

Gastric glands are composed of what cells?

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1. mucous neck cells
2. parietal cells
3. chief cells
4. gastrin cell

Front 13

What do parietal cells secrete or produce?

Back 13

1. HCL (via response to histamine, acetylcholine, and gastrin)
2. intrinsic factor

Front 14

Intrinsic factor

Back 14

Vit B absorber

Front 15

What do chief cells secrete?

Back 15

Pepsinogen

Front 16

Layers of the stomach

Back 16

1. mucosa
2. submucosa (contains submucosal plexus)
3. muscularis externa (contains myenteric plexus)
4. serosa


NOTE: serosa is the most OUTER layer.

Front 17

What are some char of the mucosa layer of the stomach?

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1. gastric pit
2. gastric gland

Front 18

What cells are present in the gastric gland?

Back 18

1. mucous neck cells
2. parietal cells
3. chief cells
4. enteroendocrine cells

Front 19

What are kupffer cells?

Back 19

Reticuloendothelial cells of the liver.

Phagocytes

Front 20

Functions of the hepatocyte cuboid cells:

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1. metabolism (fat, carbo, proteins, detoxification, activate Vit D)
2. secrete bile 1qtr/day

Front 21

Structures of the pancreas:

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1. common bile duct
2. neck
3. pancreatic ducts
4. tail
5. body
6. uncinate (hook) process
7. head

Front 22

How much pancreatic juice is produced per day?

Back 22

1.5 qtr

Front 23

What's inside pancreatic juice?

Back 23

1. amylase (carbo)
2. trypsin (protein)
3. lipase (fats)
4. ribo & deoxyribonuclease (nucleic acid)

Front 24

Cells of the Islet of Langerhans?

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1. alpha (glucagon)
2. beta (insulin)
3. delta cells
4. F cells

Front 25

What is the function of the delta cells?

Back 25

Secretes somatostatin that inhibits beta and alpha cell secretions.

Front 26

What is the function of F cells?

Back 26

Regulates release of protein enzymes.

Front 27

Epiploic appendices

Back 27

Are appended to transverse and sigmoid parts of colon.

Front 28

Haustra

Back 28

Small pouches of colon caused by sacculation which give the colon its segmented appearance.

Front 29

Tenia coli

Back 29

Longitudinal ribbons of smooth muscle on the outside of the ascending, transverse, and sigmoid colon.

Contracts length-wise to produce the bulges (haustra).

Front 30

What epithelial tissue is characteristic of the stomach, SI, and LI?

Back 30

Simple columnar