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40 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Dehiscence |
A partial or total separation of wound layers caused by poor nutritional status, infection, or obesity The patient may feel something "give away" or pop May be prevented using splinting |
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What do you do if a patient presents for surgery and has s/s of illness? |
Postpone surgery until the patient is feeling better |
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S/S of internal bleeding |
Cool/Clammy/Pale Skin Low BP High HR(Tachycardia) High Respiratory Rate (tachypnea) |
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What temperature constitutes a fever? |
100.4F |
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S/S of Malignant Hyperthermia |
Jaw and muscle rigidity |
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What are contraindications for surgery? |
Infection/Fever Low CBC |
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What must be reported to the PACU nurse? |
IV fluids |
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What kind of anesthesia is used for colonoscopies? |
Conscious sedation |
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How many nurses are required when wasting a narcotic? |
2 |
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What type of tissue needs to be debrided? |
Slough |
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5 Stages of Wound Healing |
Wound Assessment |
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Stage 1 Pressure Ulcer |
Non-blanchable redness |
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Stage 2 Pressure Ulcer |
Shallow, open ulcer involving the epidermis and potentially the dermis |
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Stage 3 Pressure Ulcer |
Full thickness wound |
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Stage 4 Pressure Ulcer |
Full thickness wound |
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Unstageable Pressure Ulcer |
Slough or eschar covers the depth of the wound |
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Suspected Deep Tissue Injury |
Locally dark purple/maroon |
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Primary Intention |
Wound that is closed by epithelialization with minimal scar formation |
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Secondary Intention |
Wound is left open until it becomes filled by scar tissue |
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Evisceration |
Total separation of wound layers with protrusion of visceral organs through a wound opening requiring surgical repair |
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What do you do if you find an eviscerated wound? |
Don sterile gloves and keep the area moist and covered. Evisceration requires an emergency surgery |
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Major Surgery |
Extensive reconstruction |
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Minor Surgery |
Involves minimal risks compared with major procedures |
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Elective Surgery |
It is not essential and not always necessary for health |
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Emergency Surgery |
Must be done immediately to save life or preserve function of a body part |
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Diagnostic Surgery |
Exploration that allows diagnosis to be confirm |
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Ablative Surgery |
Excision or removal of diseased body part |
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Constructive Surgery |
Restores function lost or reduced as result of congenital anomalies |
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Cosmetic Surgery |
Performed to improve personal apperance |
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How does DM increase the risks of surgery? |
Uncontrolled blood glucose leads to impaired wound healing and increased risk of infection |
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How does OSA increase the risks of surgery? |
Anesthesia and analgesics have a higher risk of causing respiratory issues |
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How does upper respiratory infection increase the risks of surgery? |
Increased risk of respiratory complications during anesthesia |
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How does fever increase the risks of surgery? |
Predisposition to fluid and electrolyte imbalance |
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How does smoking increase the risks of surgery? |
Increased risk of pulmonary complications |
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How does drinking increase the risks of surgery? |
Increased risk of adverse reactions to anesthetics and analgesics |
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Pneumonia |
Inflammation of alveoli due to poor lung expansion with retained or aspirated secretions |
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Abdominal Distention |
Retention of air within intestines/abdominal cavity caused by slowed peristalsis |
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Urinary Retention |
Involuntary accumulation of urine in bladder as the result of loss of muscle tone due to anesthesia and narcotic analgesics |
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Skin Breakdown |
Impaired skin integrity resulting from pressure or shear force that can occur from prolonged periods on OR table and in bed post-op |
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Malignant Hyperthermia |
Severe hypermetabolic state and rigidity of the skeletal muscles caused by an increase in intracellular calcium. It is a rare genetic condition triggered by exposure to inhaled anesthetic agents and the depolarzing muscle relaxant succinylcholine |