Exam 2: Islamic Architecture

Front 1

Islam

Back 1

Began in 622, spread to the Persian and the Byzantine Empire

Front 2

Prophet Mohammed

Back 2

Born in Mecca, 570 AD - 632 AD, started the religion of Islam

Front 3

Hijra

Back 3

Escaped to from Mecca to help with the start of Islam

Front 4

Dome of the Rock

Back 4

Jersualem(691 -692) Martytrium, modeled after Constantine, decorated by mosaics

Front 5

Reconquista

Back 5

The Reconquista was a period of nearly 800 years in the Middle Ages during which several Christian kingdoms of the Iberian Peninsula succeeded in retaking (and repopulating) the Iberian Peninsula from the Muslims.

Front 6

Mosque

Back 6

A Muslim house of worship

Front 7

Mihrab

Back 7

A niche in the mosque or any religous Muslim building indicating direction of prayer toward Mecca. Focal point of decoration with dome in front

Front 8

Qibla

Back 8

In Islam, the required orientation of prayer niche, toward Mecca. (triumphal arch)

Front 9

Minbar

Back 9

The pulpit in a Mosque.

Front 10

Moors

Back 10

Arabs of Spain

Front 11

Cordoba

Back 11

Islamic Architecture, 780Ad, A mosque having 11 naves and 12 bays, with a court yard of the same size

Front 12

Horshoe Arch

Back 12

A rounded arch whose curve is a little more than a semicircle so that the opening at the bottom is narrower than its greatest span

Front 13

Mozarabic

Back 13

Northern Spanish architecture built after the 9th century by Christian refugees from Moorish domination, charcterized by the horseshoe arch and other Moorish features

Front 14

Masjid

Back 14

A Muslim house of worship; a mosque, a nave

Front 15

Muquarnas

Back 15

An original Islamic design involving various combinations of three - dimensional shapes,corbeling, etc.

Front 16

Alhambra

Back 16

A fortress and palace built by the Moorish Kings of Granada in southern Spain from 11th to the 15th century

Front 17

Five Pillars of Islam

Back 17

Creed, Alms, Prayer, Fasting, and Pilgrimage

Front 18

Minaret

Back 18

A tall tower in, or contiguous to, a mosque with the stairs leading up to one or more balconies from which the are called to prayer

Front 19

Fall of Constantinople

Back 19

1453 A.D.

Front 20

Madrasa

Back 20

Religous school that taught the Quaran and Muslim/Islamic traditions

Front 21

Ottoman Turks

Back 21

The later phase of Turkish Muslim Architecture, from the 14th century onward, much influenced by Byzantine forms

Front 22

Mecca

Back 22

Where Prophet Mohammed was born, center of Islam

Front 23

Kaaba

Back 23

Site of the Altar made by Abraham Licoln

Front 24

Quaran

Back 24

Bible based on teachings that came from the angel Gabriael