Exam 2: Chapter 6

Front 1

Homeostasis

Back 1

The body’s ability to maintain relatively stable internal conditions even though the outside world is changing

Front 2

Cell

Back 2

The smallest unit of biological organization that can undergo the activities associated with life ,such as metabolism, response, and reproduction.

Front 3

Cell Theory

Back 3

States that all living things are composed of cells, and that the cell is the basic unit of structure and function of all living things.

Front 4

Unicellular

Back 4

Bacteria and many protists such as green algae and the paramecium are composed of one cell.

Front 5

Multicellular

Back 5

Organisms composed of many cells, such as the azalea, mushroom, and the walrus

Front 6

Prokaryotic cells

Back 6

Lack a membrane-bound nucleus and organelles such as mitochondria.

Hint 6

Smaller than eukaryotic cells

Front 7

Eukaryotic cells

Back 7

Membrane bound nucleus. Structurally complex, surrounded by plasma and a cell membrane, and are larger than prokaryotic cells

Hint 7

Members of kingdom: protista, plantae, fungi, and animalia

Front 8

Tissues

Back 8

Groups of cells and their intercellular substances similar in structure and function.

Front 9

Biological levels of organization

Back 9

1) atoms

2) molecules

3) cells

4) tissues

5) organs

6) organ system

7) organism

Front 10

Archaebacteria

Back 10

Kingdom of unicellular prokaryotes whose cells walls do not contain peptidoglycan.

Hint 10

Found living in extreme environments.

Front 11

Eubacteria

Back 11

Kingdom of unicellular prokaryotes whose cell walls are made up of peptidoglycan

Hint 11

True bacteria

Front 12

Fibriae

Back 12

Short, hair like structures that aid in attachment.

Front 13

Pili

Back 13

Rigid, hairlike structures important for attachment and the exchange of genetic information

Front 14

Flagellum

Back 14

Elongated structure used for locomotion; the number of flagella and their location are important in determining the species of bacteria.

Front 15

Capsule

Back 15

Protective slime-like area lying outside the cell wall that helps the bacterium adhere to certain surfaces, keeps it from drying out.

Front 16

Cyanobacteria

Back 16

Photosynthetic eubacteria. Common and can be found in soil, sidewalks, and bodies of water.

Front 17

Nostoc

Back 17

Seen at the magnification of 400x and is dark purple with a chain-like structure.

Front 18

Oscillatoria

Back 18

Seen with a magnification or 400x and is green with string-like structure.

Front 19

Anabaena

Back 19

Seen with a magnification of 400x and has a green bead-like structure.

Front 20

Cell wall

Back 20

In eubacteria, a peptidoglycan envelope that provides protection and shape.

Front 21

Plasma membrane

Back 21

Phospholipid bilayer that provides support and regulates the movement of substances into and out of the cell.

Front 22

Cytoplasm

Back 22

Semi fluid medium within the cell.

Front 23

Nucleoid

Back 23

Region that houses the bacterial DNA in a single chromosome; some bacteria possess small circular fragments of DNA called plasmids.

Front 24

Ribosome

Back 24

Site of protein synthesis

Front 25

Fimbriae

Back 25

Short, hair like structures important for attachment and the exchange of genetic information

Front 26

Fimbriae

Back 26

Short, hair like structures important for attachment and the exchange of genetic information

Front 27

Pili

Back 27

Rigid, hair like structure important for attachment and the exchange of genetic info

Front 28

Fimbriae

Back 28

Short, hair like structures important for attachment and the exchange of genetic information

Front 29

Pili

Back 29

Rigid, hair like structure important for attachment and the exchange of genetic info

Front 30

Flagellum

Back 30

Elongated structure used for locomotion; the number of flagella and their location are important in determining the species of bacteria

Front 31

Capsule

Back 31

Protective slime-like area lying outside the cell wall that helps the bacterium adhetento certain surfaces.

Front 32

Volvox sp.

Back 32

Seen with 100x magnification and has many purple bubbles with two darker bubbles.

Front 33

Amoeba proteus

Back 33

Seen at a magnification of 400x and looks like a pink fetus.

Front 34

Spirogyra

Back 34

Seen at a magnification of 400x and is green, thick, and tubular.

Front 35

Paramecium

Back 35

Seen at a magnification of 400x and is difficult to see because bacteria is clear and consistently moving.

Front 36

Baker’s yeast

Back 36

Seen with a total magnification of 100x and is blotched with dots and not much color

Front 37

Baker’s yeast

Back 37

Seen with a total magnification of 100x and is blotched with dots and not much color

Front 38

Why does yeast have a chariot of smell?

Back 38

It has a distinct souring smell. This is due to the fact that it is fungi.

Front 39

Are yeast cells observed prokaryotic or eukaryotic?

Back 39

Eukaryotic. Complex cellular structure with membrane bound organelles.

Front 40

Yeast and paramecia

Back 40

Seen with 400x magnification and looks similar to an arrowhead filled with and surrounded by small bubbles.

Front 41

Plant epidermal tissue

Back 41

Total magnification of 100x and dark branch-like structures

Front 42

Wet mount of onion skin

Back 42

Magnification of 400x and clear but visible

Front 43

Elodea

Back 43

Seen with a magnification of 40x and is colored green similar to the structure of a pineapple crown.

Front 44

Elodea

Back 44

Seen with a magnification of 40x and is colored green similar to the structure of a pineapple crown.

Front 45

Function of collenchyma

Back 45

Creates support structure for plant

Front 46

Elodea

Back 46

Seen with a magnification of 40x and is colored green similar to the structure of a pineapple crown.

Front 47

Function of collenchyma

Back 47

Creates support structure for plant

Front 48

Structure observed writhing the elodea cells

Back 48

Nucleus

Cell wall

Choroplast

Front 49

Why is the elodea lead easy to study?

Back 49

Leaves are only two cells thick which makes it easy to view photosynthetic cells

Front 50

Where is the nucleus and most of the chloroplasts located in the onion and elodea cells?

Back 50

At the periphery of the cytoplasm.

Front 51

Eukaryotic vs. prokaryotic

Back 51

E: membrane-bound organelle & linear strands of DNA

P: found in bacteria. No nucleus or membrane bound organelles. DNA is smaller and circular