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35 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
skeleton |
is more than a supporting framework for the soft tissues of the body |
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chondroblasts |
are cells that produce the matrix of cartilage |
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chondrocytes |
once they become encased within the matrix they have produced and secreted, the cells |
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lacunae |
occupy small spaces |
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articulations |
joints -- where two bones meet |
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interstitial growth |
growth along the cartilages outside edge, or periphery |
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bone connective tissue |
the bones of the skeleton are complex, dynamic organs containing all tissue types, primary component, also called osseous connective tissue |
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calcification |
the matrix of bone connective tissue is sturdy and rigid due to deposition of minerals in the matrix, also called mineralization |
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hemopoiesis |
the process of blood cell production |
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red bone marrow |
blood cells are produced in a connective tissue, located in some spongy bone |
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yellow bone marrow |
as children mature into adults, much of the red bone marrow degenerates and turns into a fatty tissue |
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long bones |
have a greater length than width |
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short bones |
have a leangth nearly equal to their width |
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flat bones |
are so named because they are flat, thin surfaces |
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irregular bone |
have elaborate complex shapes and do not fit into any of the preceding categories |
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diaphysis |
one of the principal gross features of a long bone is its shaft |
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epiphysis |
at each end of a long bone is an expanded, knobby region |
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proximal epiphysis |
is the end farthest from the trunk |
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metaphysis |
is the region in a mature bone sandwiched between the diaphysis and the epiphysis |
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epiphyseal line |
in adults the remnant of the epiphyseal plate is a thin layer of compact bone |
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articular cartilage |
the thin layer of hyaline cartilage covering the epiphysis at a joint surface |
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medullary cavity |
the hollow, cylindrical space within the diaphysis (marrow cavity) |
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endosteum |
is an incomplete layer of cells that covers all internal surfaces of the bone, such as the medullary cavity |
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periosteum |
tough sheath, covers the outer surface of the bone except for the areas covered by articular cartilage |
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perforating fibers |
the periosteum is anchored to the bone by numerous strong collegen fibers |
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osteoprogenitor cells |
are stem cells derived from mesenchyme |
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osteoblast |
are formed from osteoprogenitor stem cells |
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osteoid |
they secrete the initial semisold, organic form of bone matrix |
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osteocyte |
are mature bone cells derived from the osteoblasts that have become entrapped in the matrix they sevreted |
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lacunae |
they reside in small spaces within the matrix |
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osteoclasts |
are large, multinuclear, phagocytotic cells |
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resorption lacuna |
an osteoclast is often located within or adjacent to a depression or pit on the bone surface |
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bone resorption |
osteoclasts are involved in an important process |
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hydroxyapatite |
calcium phosphate and calcium hydroxide interct to form crystals Ca10 |
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compact bone |
connective tissue that are present in most of the bones |