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64 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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System
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a group of components that interact to achieve some purpose
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Information System
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A group of components that interact to produce information
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MIS (Management Information System)
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Development and use of information systems that help businesses achieve their goals and objectives
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IT (Information technology)
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Methods, inventions, standards, and products
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Moore's Law
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The number of transistors per square inch on an integrated chip doubles every 18 months
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5 component framework that makes up an IS
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1. Computer Hardware
2. Software 3. Data 4. Procedures 5. People |
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True or False
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Are all these components present in every information system?
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What are you responsible for when using/development of an information system?
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Protecting the security of the system and its data
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How does IS differ from IT?
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IS can work by itself, but IT needs IS to function
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What new opportunities for IS are developing today?
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1. Data Storage
2. Data Communication |
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Transistors
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speed of the chip
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Business Process
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A network of activities, resources, facilities and information that interact to achieve some business function
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Components of a business process?
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1. Activities
2. Resources 3. Facilities 4. Information |
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Activities
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transform resources and information of one type into resources and information of another type
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Resources
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items of value
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Facilities
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structures used within the business process
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Information
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knowledge derived from data
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Characteristics of good information
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1. Accurate
2. Timely 3. Relevant 4. Sufficient 5. Worth its cost |
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How do information systems support business processes?
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1. Counter Sales
2. Payment 3. Purchasing Balances |
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Automate
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Computers do the work that people used to do by following instructions in software
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Business Process Management (BPM)
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The systematic process of creating, assessing, and altering business processes
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Functional Process
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activities among several or even many business departments
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Cross-Functional Processes
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activities among several or even many business departments
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Interorganizational Processes
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Different managers and owners
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Object Management Group (OMG)
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created a standard set of terms and graphical notations for documenting business processes
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Thin circle
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Start
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Thick circle
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End
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Rectangle and +
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Activity
+ indicates a subprocess |
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Diamond
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Decision
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Paper
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Data
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Solid arrow
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process flow
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Dotted arrow
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Message Flow
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swim-lane layout
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used to simplify process diagrams and to draw attention to the interactions among components of the diagram
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fire-and-forget
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the activity sends the message then forgets about it
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Brute-Force approach
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add more people or equipment to the existing way of doing business
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What roles doe IS play in business processes
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Implement activities that link other activities and facilitate linkages among activities
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Service-oriented architecture (SOA)
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used to design interacting computer programs
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service
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a repeatable task that businesses need to perform
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Encapsulation
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places logic in one place, which is desirable; all other services go to that one place for that service
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What does XML stand for?
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eXtensible Markup Language
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What is XML used for?
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To model and structure data
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SOAP
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a protocol for exchanging messages encoded in XML
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XML Document
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a set of XML tags and data
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XML Schema
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an XML document whose content describes the structure of other XML documents
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XML tags
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metadata that name and identify data items <>
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What 5 forces determine Industry structure?
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1. Bargaining power
2. Threat of substitutions 3. Bargaining power of suppliers 4. Threat of new entrants 5. Rivalry |
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An organization can focus on..
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being a cost leader, or differentiating its product, OR both
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To be effective the organizations goals, objectives, culture, and activities must be...
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Consistent with the organizations strategy
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Value Chain
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A network of value-creating activities
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Primary Activities in the value chain
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1. Market and Sell
2. Inbound Logistics 3. Operations 4. Out-bound Logistics 5. Service |
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Support activities in the value chain
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1. Human Resources
2. Accounting and infrastructure 3. Procurement and technology |
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Linkages
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interactions across value activities
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How do information systems provide competitive advantages
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1. creating NEW products/services
2. ENHANCING existing products/services 3. Differentiating their products/services |
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What is a computer network?
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Collection of computers that communicate with one another over transmission lines
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Three basic types of network
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1. Local Area Networks (LAN)
2. Wide Area Networks (WAN) 3. Internets |
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What are the components of LAN?
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Usually within 1/2 mile radius, involve a swtich
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What are the alternatives for a WAN?
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Internet Service Provider (ISP)
Involves Modems |
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Modem
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Converts digital data into analog
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Ways to connect to ISP
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1. Regular telephone line
2. Using a special telephone line 3. TV Line 4. Wireless |
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Point-to-Point (PPP)
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the way messages are packed and handled between your modem and ISP
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Line Types
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1. Telephone Line
2. Coaxial Cable 3. Unshield twisted pair (UTP) 4. Optical Fiber cable 5. Satellite |
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Narrowband
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Transmission speeds less than 56 kbps
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Broadband
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speeds in excess of 256 kbps
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Router
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special-purpose computer that moves traffic from one on a network to another
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