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88 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Aristotle
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300 B.C. theroised about learning memory and emotion
greek naturalist and philospher |
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wilhelm Wundt
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1879, Germany university first psych lab
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first two branches of Psych
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structuralism and functionalism
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Titchener
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tried to dicover minds structure, introspection
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William James
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evolutinary psych, functinalist. influenced by darwin
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John b Watson, and BF Skinner
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Behaviorists
behaviorism lasted well into the 1960's |
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Carl Rogers, Abraham Moslow
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first two humanistic psychologists
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Biopsychosocial approach
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looks at biological, pyscological, and social cultural factors
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Psychology's sub fields
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basic research, Applied research, Counseling psychology, Counciling Psycology, Clincial psych, pysycitray, positive psych, community psych
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hindsite bias
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i knew it all along
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behavior
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anything a subject does
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neurons
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building blocks for nervous system
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action potential
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an impuse a neron fires after getting messages from nehborign nerons
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resting potential
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positive outside/negitive inside state
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threshold
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level of exititory signals- inhibitory sinals needed to trigger an action potential
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psychology root disciplines
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biology
philosophy |
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dualism
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mind was seprate from the body, continued to exist after death
socrates and plato |
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socrates and plato
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knowlage was innate- existing at birth
dualism |
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Aristotle
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monism, mind is not separate from body, knowledge grows from experience
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Rene Descartes
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1596-1650
intercative , hyraulic model of reflex |
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Francis Bacon
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founder of modern science, wrote on how experimentation should be done
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John Locke
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mind was a blank sheet at brith, tabla rasa, empiricism
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tabula rasa
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mind blank sheet at birth, experience wrote on it
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empiricism
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knowledge originates in experience, should be studied through observation and experimentation
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Broca
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localization of function, cetin functions controlled by certin areas of the brain
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Wilhelm Wundt
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established the first psycology laboratory(germany) 1879, studied consciousness using introspection
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E.B. Titchener
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founded structuralism, foused on undrstanding the basic elements forming the structure of the mind
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Functions of the mind
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Book written by william James, later called functionalism
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William James
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influenced by darwin. Belived stream of consciousness had no basic elements. Wrote Principles of Psycology
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Sigmund Freud
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late 19th century, psychoanilitic approach
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Behavorism
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1920-1960, social science should focus on behavior not the mental process
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Leading behavorists
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John Watson, B.F. Skinner
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leading humanistic
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Maslow and rogers.
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cognitive psychology
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combined behaviorist methods of study with focus on info processing by mind.
came back in 1960 |
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cell body of a neuron
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recive info from other cells
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dendrites
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branches on a tree, send and recive info
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axon
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part of nerve that carries info from one place to another, end where branches are, called axon terminal
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mylin sheath
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inslator of axon
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action potential
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breif electric charge, travels down axon, generated by movement of positivly charged atoms in and out of axon membrane
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Depolarization
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happens when positive ions enter the neuron, making it more susceotible to fire action potential
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hyperpolarization
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negitive ions enter the neuron making it less susceptible to fire
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threshold
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when the net amount of depolarizarion gets to critical value and triggers an action potential
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synapse
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junction between sending neron and dendrite or cell body
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reuptake
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reabsorbed into the sending neuron, applies brakes on neurtransmitter action
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Dopamine
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movement learning attention and emotion
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Enzymatic degradation
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an enzyme breaks down a molecule and the nerotransmitter loses its ability to affect the receiptor site
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Acetylcholine
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muscle action, learning, memory
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serotonin
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mood hunger, sleep, arousal
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norepinephrine
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helps control alertness and arousal
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Gaba
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major inhibitory neurotransmitter
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Glutamate
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major excitatory neurotransmitter, involved in memory
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Central nervous system
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brain and spinal cord
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Peripheral Nervous system
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sensory and moror neurons that connect the central nervous system to the rest of the body
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autonomic nervous system
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controls self regilated action of internal organs and glans
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somatic
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controls voulentary movements of skeletal muscles
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autonomic- sympathetic
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arousing, mobilises the body in stressful situations
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autonomic- parasympathetic
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calming
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Brain stem
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oldest part of the brain
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medulla
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base of brainstem, controls heartbeat and breathing
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reticular formation
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nerve network in the brainstem- important role in controlling arousal
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thalamus
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sensory switchboard, located on top of the brain stem, directs info to sensory areas and transmits replies to cerebellum and medulla
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cerebellum
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coordinate vountary movements and balance, involved in some aspects of learning
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limbic system
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donut shaped system of neural structures that border brain stem
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hypothalamus
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below the thalamus, directs maintenance activies, eating drinking, body tempature
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EEG
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records electrical waves in brain, via electrodes on scalp
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Pet scan
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looks at brain activaty through a radioactive form of glucose
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Mri
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uses magnetic feilds and radio waves to look at diffrent types of tissue
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Broca's area
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damage= impared speaking
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Wernicke's area
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damage= impared understanding
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pituitary gland
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master gland
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adrenal glands
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adrenal medulla-
adrenal cortex |
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adrenal medulla
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secreates hormones durring stress and emothion
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adrenal cortex
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regulates salt and carbohydrate metabolism
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conscousness
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awarness of world around us
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conscious level
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relatively complete awareness of our current experinces
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preconscious level
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easy access of sensations, thoughts and memories not currently in our attention
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unconscious
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thoughts and memories not easily accessed
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uconsciousness
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general lack of awareness
cause by, intoxication, metabolic disturbance, brain injury, brain tumor or stroke |
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self awareness
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state where we focus on ourslefs,
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anesthesia
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loss of sensation
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analgesia
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loss of pain sensation
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circadian rhythm
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one cycle per day, sleep wake
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ultradian rhythm
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more than one cycle per day, breating
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infradian rhythm
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less than one cycle per day, menstration
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alpha waves
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slow relaxed, awake brain waves
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delta waves
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large, low sleep waves of a deep sleep
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beta waves
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small fast waves, alert state
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rem rebound
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rem sleep increases following rem sleep deprivation
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