Exam 1

Front 1

What are the three components of criminal justice?

Back 1

Police, courts, corrections

Front 2

conduct in violation of the criminal laws of a state, the federal government, or local jurisdiction or excuse.

Back 2

crime

Front 3

the process by which procedures that feel fair to those involved are made

Back 3

procedural fairness

Front 4

a condition said to exist when a group is faced with social change, uneven development of culture, maladaptiveness, disharmony, conflict, and lack of consensus

Back 4

social disorganization

Front 5

the condition of society characterized by social integration, consensus, smooth functioning, and lack of interpersonal and institutional conflict

Back 5

social order

Front 6

American society was built upon a delicate balance between _________ and the need for ________

Back 6

(1) the demand for personal freedoms (2) public safety

Front 7

the accused has these common law, constitutional, statutory, and humanitarian rights: justice for the individual, personal liberty, dignity as a human being, the right to due process

Back 7

individual rights

Front 8

those individual rights must be effectively balanced against these community concerns: social justice equality before the law, the protection of society, freedom from fear

Back 8

public order

Front 9

one who believes that under certain circumstances involving a criminal threat to public safety, the interest of society should take precedence over individual rights

Back 9

public order advocate

Front 10

the principle of fairness; the idea of moral equity

Back 10

justice

Front 11

an ideal that embraces all aspects of civilized life and that is linked to fundamental notions of fairness and to cultural beliefs about right and wrong

Back 11

social justice

Front 12

the civil law, the law of civil procedure, and the array of procedures and activities, having to do with private rights and remedies sought by civil action

Back 12

civil justice

Front 13

the criminal law, the law of civil procedure, and the array of procedures and activities having to do with the enforcement of this body of law

Back 13

criminal justice

Front 14

enforce the law

investigate crime

apprehend offenders

Reduce and prevent crime

Maintain public order

Ensure community safety

provide emergency and related community service

protect fundamental rights and freedoms of individuals

Back 14

police

Front 15

conduct fair & impartial trials

decide criminal cases

ensure due process

determine guilt or innocence

impose sentencing on the guilty

uphold the law

require fairness throughout the justice process

protect the rights & freedoms of anyone facing processing by the justice system

provide a check on the exercise of power by other justice system agencies

Back 15

courts

Front 16

carry out sentencing imposed by the courts

provide safe and humane custody and supervision of offenders

protect the community

rehabilitate, reform, and reintegrate convicted offenders back into the community

respect the legal & human rights of the convicted

Back 16

corrections

Front 17

a criminal justice perspective that assumes that the systems components work together harmoniously to achieve the social product we call justice

Back 17

consensus model

Front 18

a criminal justice perspective that assumes that systems components function primarily to serve their own interest. Justice is more a product of conflict among agencies within the system than it is the result of cooperation among component agencies.

Back 18

conflict model

Front 19

criminal laws and the criminal justice institutions, policies, and practices that achieve justice in the present without compromising the ability of future generations to have the benefits of a just society

Back 19

sustainable justice

Front 20

a right guaranteed by the 4th, 5th, 6th, and 14th amendment of the constitution

Back 20

Due process

Front 21

congress shall makes no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the government for a redress of grievances

Back 21

Amendment I

Front 22

A well regulated militia, being necessary to the security of a free state, the right of the people to keep and bear arms and shall not be infringed

Back 22

Amendment II

Front 23

the right of the people to be secure in their persons, houses, papers, and effects, against unreasonable searches and seizures, shall not be violated, and no warrants shall issue, but upon probable cause, supported by oath or affirmation, and particularly describing the place to be searched, and the persons or things to be seized

Back 23

Amendment IV

Front 24

No person shall be held to answer for capital, or otherwise infamous crimes, unless on a presentment or indictment of grand jury, except in cases arising in the land or naval forces, or in the militia, when in actual service in the time of war or public danger; nor shall any person be subject for the same offense to be twice put in jeopardy of life or limb; nor shall be compelled in any criminal case to be a witness against himself, nor be deprived life, liberty, or property, without due process of law; nor shall private property be taken for public use, without compensation

Back 24

Amendment V

Front 25

In all criminal prosecutions, the accused shall enjoy the right to a speedy trial(& public) by an impartial jury of the state and district wherein the crime shall have been committed, which district shall have been previously ascertained by law, and to be informed of the nature and cause of the accusation; to be confronted with the witnesses in his favor, and to have the assistance of counsel for his defense

Back 25

Amendment VI

Front 26

Excessive bail shall not be required, nor excessive fines imposed, nor cruel and unusual punishments inflicted

Back 26

Amendment VIII

Front 27

What are considered Part 1 offenses?

Back 27

murder

robbery

rape

burglary

larceny

aggravated assault

arson

Front 28

the unlawful killing of a human being

Back 28

murder

Front 29

unlawful sexual intercourse achieved through force and without consent

Back 29

rape

Front 30

unlawful taking or attempt taking of property that is in immediate possession of another by force or violence and/or by putting the victim in fear

Back 30

robbery

Front 31

unlawful entry of a structure to commit a felony or a theft (exclude tents, trailers, and other mobile units used for recreational purposes)

Back 31

Burglary

Front 32

theft or attempted theft of a motor vehicle

Back 32

motor vehicle theft

Front 33

the unlawful taking or attempt taking, carrying, leading, or riding away of property from the possession or constructive possession of another

Back 33

larceny

Front 34

the unlawful, intentional inflicting, or attempted or threatened inflicting, of serious injury upon the person of another

Back 34

aggravated assault

Front 35

any willful or malicious burning or attempt to burn, with or without intent to defraud, a dwelling house, public building, motor vehicle or aircraft, personal property of another and so on

Back 35

Arson

Front 36

Who is responsible for compiling the annual UCR (Uniform Crime Report)?

Back 36

The FBI

Front 37

crime typology

stalking

cyber stalking

Back 37

Special categories of crime

Front 38

a classification of crimes along a particular dimension, such as legal categories, offender motivation, victim behavior, or the characteristics of individual offenders

Back 38

crime typology

Front 39

What are common criminal justice issues?

Back 39

Elderly

hate crime

white collar crime

organized crime

transnational organized crime

gun crime

drug crime

cybercrime

terrorism

Front 40

Purpose for laws?

Back 40

maintain order in society

regulate human interactions

enforce moral beliefs

enhance predictablity

support the powerful

promote orderly social change

sustained individual rights

redress wrongs

identify wrongdoers

mandate punishment and retribution

Front 41

General categories of crime?

Back 41

felonies

misdemeanors

offenses(infractions)

Front 42

General features of crimes?

Back 42

actus reus

mens reus

concurrence (purposeful, knowingly, reckless, negligence)

Front 43

a rule of conduct, generally found enacted in the form of a statue, that prescribes or mandates certain forms of behavior

Back 43

law

Front 44

written or codified law; the "law on the books" as enacted by a government body or agency having the power to make laws

Back 44

statutory laws

Front 45

the written, organized, and compiled, form of the criminal laws of jurisdiction

Back 45

penal code

Front 46

the body of judicial precedent, historically built on legal reasoning and past interpretations of statutory law

Back 46

case law

Front 47

no longer a concern

Back 47

common law

Front 48

the philosophy of law

Back 48

jurisprudence

Front 49

precedent

Back 49

case law

Front 50

a wrongful act, damage or injury not involving to breach of conduct

Back 50

tort

Front 51

body of law that allow the government to control the activities of industries, businesses, and individuals

Back 51

administrative law

Front 52

requires no mental state; makes it a crime to simply do something without the intention of violating the law

Back 52

Strict liability

Front 53

a person's reason for committing the crime

Back 53

motive