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72 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Lion Human / Human with feline head |
-Paleolithic (30000-26000 BCE) -Ivory from mammoth -Oldest zoomorphic, sculpture in the round |
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Nude woman / Venus of Willendorf |
-Paleolithic (29000-25000 BCE) -Willendorf, Austria -Carved limestone -Sculpture in the round, abundance, fertility, communication tool |
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Hall of Bulls |
-Paleolithic (15000 BCE) -Lascaux, Dordogne, France -Cave painting -Horse, bison, stag, ibex, auroch; Twisted perspective, Composite pose |
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Bird-headed man with bison |
-Paleolithic (15000 BCE) -Lascaux, Dordogne, France -Cave painting -Bison over hunter with spear, rhino running; |
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Chauvet paintings |
-Paleolithic (30000 BCE or 15000 BCE) -Vallon-Pont-d'Arc, Ardeche, France -Cave painting -More naturalistic, dramatic, handprints, geometric markings |
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Catal Hoyuk |
-Neolithic (7400-5000 BCE), ex. 1958, 1993 -Konya Plain, Turkey -Mud bricks, mortar, plaster -Urban living, agricultural, religious shrines, nontraditional Neolithic |
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Stonehenge |
-Neolithic (2900-1500 BCE) -Salisbury Plain, Wiltshire, England -Sarsen (sandstone), bluestone (volcanic) -Death/burial ceremonies; transported material, human compass, connected 2 worlds |
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5 Questions to ask |
What is it? When was it made? Who made it? What does it mean? How do we know? |
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3 Prehistoric/Stone Age eras |
Paleolithic 38000-10000 BCE Mesolithic 10000-8000 BCE Neolithic -W Europe 4000-1500 BCE |
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Three-dimensional, self-contained pieces |
Sculpture in the round |
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Surrounding material carved away to form background that sets off projecting figure |
Relief sculpture |
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Involves objects used to influence an outcome |
Sympathetic magic |
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Ability to travel outside the body, mediate between worlds |
Shamanism |
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Not naturalistic; shown in frontal and profile position |
Twisted perspective |
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Figure portrayed in both frontal and profile views |
Composite pose |
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Ways that people gathered or produced food |
Economy |
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Circle of stones/megaliths |
Henge/Cromlech |
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Presentations of Offerings to Inanna / Carved Vessel |
-Sumerian -Uruk/Warka, Iraq -Alabaster -Narrative, 3-4 registers, hierarchy, marriage/festival |
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Votive Offerings / Figures |
-Sumerian -Square Temple, Eshnunna (Tell Asmar, Iraq) -Limestone, alabaster, gypsum -Offered to deity; large eyes, cylindrical |
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Bull-Headed Lyre / Great Lyre with Bull's Head |
-Sumerian -King Tomb 789, Royal Cemetery, Ur, Iraq -Wood, inlaid gold, lapis lazuli, shell -Used in funeral rites; bull symbol divinity, royalty |
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Soundbox of the Lyre |
-Sumerian -Royal Cemetery, Ur, Iraq -Wood, gold, lapis lazuli, shell -Heraldic pose; Epic of Gilgamesh, animals doing human activity |
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Banquet scene / Cylinder seal |
-Sumerian -Tomb of Queen Puabi, Royal Cemetery, Ur (Muqaiyir), Iraq -Lapis Lazuli -Identify documents, ownership; banquet with female guests |
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Epic of Gilgamesh |
-Akkadian -Clay tablet -Gilgamesh 1/3 god, heroic feats, questions immortality and meaning of existence |
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Head of a Man / Akkadian Ruler |
-Akkadian -Ninevah, Iraq -Copper, bronze? -Hollow cast, idealized, deliberate damage |
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Victory Stele of Naram-Sin |
-Akkadian -Susa, Iran -Pink sandstone -Specific achievement; 3 rayed stars, horned helmet, hierarchic scale |
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Seated Statue of Gudea, holding Temple Plan |
-Neo-Sumerian -Girsu, Iraq -Diorite -Pious ruler, return to votive statues, presenting to god Ningirsu |
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Nanna Ziggurat |
-Neo-Sumerian -Ur, Iraq -Mud-brick, kiln-dried brick, bitumen -Dedicated to moon god Namma, sponsored by King Urnammu |
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Stele with Law Code of Hammurabi |
-Babylonian -Susa, Iran -Basalt -Historical document, published laws, rights, punishments; relationship between Hammurabi and Shamash |
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Lion Gate |
-Hittite -Boghazkoy, Anatolia, Turkey -Limestone -Naturalistic guardian figures, vigor and permanence |
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Citadel of Sargon II |
-Assyrian -Dur Sharrukin, Iraq -Limestone -Lamassu composite symbol of majesty, guarded gate that visitors must pass |
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Ashurbanipal / Assurnasirpal Killing Lions |
-Assyrian -Ninevah/Kalhu -Gypsum/Alabaster -Ceremonial hunt; shift in Mesopotamian art- from timeless to dramatic action |
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Enemies Crossing Euphrates River |
-Assyrian -Assurnasipal Palace, Kalhu (Nimrud), Iraq -Alabaster -Depth and spatial positioning: 3 swimmers, smaller scale of archers, trees, line of river bank |
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Ishtar Gate |
-Neo-Babylonian -Babylon, Iraq -Glazed brick -Ceremonial entrance to city, blue arch symbol of heaven; 4 towers for military defense, symbol of power |
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Persepolis Ceremonial Complex |
-Archaemenid Persian -Parsa/Persepolis, Iran -Limestone -Combined styles of Persian, Median, Mesopotamian, Egyptian, Greek; Capital started by Darius then Xerxes |
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Darius and Xerxes Receiving Tribute |
-Archaemenid Persian -Apadana, Persepolis, Iran -Limestone -Relief on staircase to Apadana, Hierarchy of scale; depict allegiance, prosperity |
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5 Ancient Egyptian eras |
Predynastic 3000-2950 BCE Early Dynastic 2950-2575 BCE Old Kingdom 2575-2150 BCE Middle Kingdom 2000-1640 BCE New Kingdom 1539-1075 BCE |
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Palette of King Narmer |
-Predynastic (2950 BCE) -Temple of Horus, Hierakonpolis -Green schist -Unification, Narmer of Upper Egypt dominates enemy of Lower Egypt |
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Step pyramid, Sham buildings, Funerary complex of Djoser |
-Early Dynastic (2630-2575 BCE) -Saqqara, Egypt -Limestone -Imhotep; stacked mastaba, protect Djoser tomb, stairway to Ra; first monumental architecture |
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Rosetta Stone |
-Ptolemaic period (196 BCE), last -El-Rashid -Granodiorite -Decree; accept 13 year old as pharoah |
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Pyramid Texts of King Unas |
-Old Kingdom (2367 BCE) -Saqqara, Egypt -Detail of sunken relief |
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Great Pyramids of Giza |
-Old Kingdom (2500 BCE) -Giza -Limestone -Khafre, Menkaure, Khufu (oldest/largest) |
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Great Sphinx |
-Old Kingdom (2500 BCE) -Funerary Complex of Khafre, Giza -Limestone -Khafre; guards necropolis, King-Lion composite |
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Khafre |
-Old Kingdom (2520-2494 BCE) -Gizeh -Diorite-gabbro gneiss -Built for eternity; Idealized: cobra, headdress, false beard, Bilateral symmetry |
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Menkaure and a Queen (Khamerernebty) |
-Old Kingdom (2490-2472 BCE) -Gizeh -Slate -Incomplete, rigid pose, idealized, timeless, marriage |
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Seated Scribe (Kai) |
-Old Kingdom (2450-2325 BCE) -Tomb of Kai, Saqqara -Painted limestone, inlaid rock crystal, calcite, magnesite, copper -Naturalistic, less prominent, more lively, less formal |
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Ti watching a Hippopotamus Hunt |
-Old Kingdom (2450-2325 BCE) -Tomb of Ti, Saqqara -Painted limestone, relief -Composite pose, everyday activity placed in tomb |
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Head of Senusret III |
-Middle Kingdom (1836-1818 BCE) -Yellow quartzite -Preoccupied, emotionally drained, civil unrest |
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Funerary Temple of Hapshetsut |
-New Kingdom (1450 BCE) -Deir el-Bahri -Mile away from actual tomb in Valley of Kings |
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Hatshetsut Kneeling (with Offering Jars) |
-New Kingdom (1473-1458 BCE) -Deir el-Bahri -Red granite -Represented as male king |
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Colossal Figure of Ahkenaton |
-New Kingdom (1353-1335 BCE) -Gempaaten/Amen-Re temple, Karnak, Egypt -Sandstone, polychromy traces -Amarna style, double crown, god Aten |
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Nefertiti |
-New Kingdom -Akhetaten/Tell el-Amarna -Painted limestone -By Thutmose; Akhenaton's wife, spiritual beauty |
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Death Mask of Tutankhamen |
-New Kingdom -Tomb at Thebes -Gold, inlaid semiprecious stones -Gold- flesh of Ra |
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Temple of Ramses II |
-New Kingdom -Abu Simbel -Colossi, Pillar Statues, double crown, face east |
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Last Judgement of Hu-Nefer |
-New Kingdom -Thebes tomb -Painted papyrus scroll -Test of Osiris, important good deeds, conventional style of Egyptian painting |
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Aegean Art Eras (3 Ancient Greek Civilizations) |
Cycladic Art Minoan Art Helladic Art (Bronze Age on mainland) -later called Mycenaean Art |
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Figurine of a Woman |
-Cycladic/ Bronze Age -Cyclades Islands -Marble -Found in graves; evidence of original drawing with eyes |
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Male Lyre Player |
-Cycladic -Cyclades Islands -Marble -Geometric, no facial features, found in graves |
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Palace of Minos, Knossos |
-Minoan (New Palace period) -Crete -Coated with plaster -Courtyards were central; maximize light, air |
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Bull-Leaping (Toreador Fresco) |
-Minoan -Palace at Knossos, Crete -Fresco on plaster, limestone -Initiation/fertility ritual; bull in flying-gallop pose; women steady man on bull; graceful |
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Miniature Ships Fresco |
-Minoan -Akrotiri, Thera, Cyclades -Fresco -Graceful movement, attempt at space |
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Landscape with Swallows (Spring Fresco) |
-Minoan -Akrotiri, Thera, Cyclades -Fresco -First landscape painting |
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Kamares Ware Jar |
-Minoan -Phaistos, Crete -Marine style |
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Octopus Flask / Marine Style Octopus Jar |
-Minoan -Palaikastro, Crete -Marine style ceramic -Stoppered bottle, celebration of Minoan maritime prowess |
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Harvester Vase |
-Minoan -Hagia Triada, Crete -Steatite -Animated harvesters, silhouette figures vocalizing and drumming |
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Snake Goddess |
-Minoan -Palace at Knossos, Crete -Faience -Heraldic pose, cat on head |
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Bull's-Head Rhyton |
-Minoan (New Palace) -Knossos, Crete -Steatite, shell, rock crystal, serpentine, modern restored horns -Liquid vessel, from neck to mouth |
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Citadel at Tiryns |
-Mycenaean -Peloponnese, Greece -Foundations; built for defense, enter through gate |
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Lion Gate at Citadel |
-Mycenaean -Mycenae, Greece -Limestone -Relief panel, monumental, post and lintel, corbelled arch, relieving triangle, Heraldic composition |
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Treasury of Atreus / Tholos tomb |
-Mycenaean -Mycenae, Greece -Post and lintel, relieving triangle, dome/beehive tomb |
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Funerary Mask of Agamemnon |
-Mycenaean -Grave Circle A, Mycenae, Greece -Beaten gold -Life size |
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Dagger Blade with Lion Hunt |
-Mycenaean -Shaft grave, Grave Circle A, Mycenae, Greece -Bronze, gold, silver, niello -Wealth of Mycenaean ruling elite |
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