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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Macronutrients |
Provide energy to maintain bodily functions durning rest and physical activity. -Lipid -Carbohydrate -Protien |
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Carbohydrates |
Atoms of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen combine to from a basic molecule -Monosacharides -Oligosacharides -Polysacharides |
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Monosaccharides |
Basic unit of carbohydrates. -Glucose -Fructose -Galactose |
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Glucose |
Called dextrose or blood sugar consist of a 6-carbon compound formed naturally in food or in body thru more complex carbs |
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Gluconeogenesis |
Bodys process for making new sugar. Occurs in liver, after the small intestine absorbs glucose it can follow 3 pathways. -Become available as an energy source for cellular metabolism -form glycogen for storage in liver and muscle -Convert to fat for later use. |
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Fructose |
Sweetest sugar occers in large amounts in fruits and honey. Moves directly from digestive tract into blood to primarily convert to fat |
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Galactose |
Does not exist in nature. Combine with glucose to form sugar milk |
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Oligosaccharides |
Form when 2 to 10 monosacc. bond chemically. Called simple sugar |
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Diaccharides |
Form when 2 monsacc. molecules combine -Major oligosacc. Three principles of diasacc. -Sucose -Lactose -Maltose |
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Sucrose |
Glucose+Fructose Occurs naturally in most foods that contain carbohydrates. -beet -honey -cane sugar -brown sugar |
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Lactose |
Glucose+Galactose Not found in plants exits in natural form only in milk as milk sugar |
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Maltose |
Glucose+Glucose Occurs in beer, breakfast cereals, and germinating seeds. Also called malt sugar |
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Polysaccharides |
Linkage of 3 or more sugar molecules. Form during the chemical process of dehydration synthesis. |
