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27 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is evolution
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A change in a species over time
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What are vestigial structures?
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Structures that are no longer used in an organism.
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The structures of a human's arm, a whales flipper, and a cat's are all similar. What are these structures called?
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Homologous structures
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A species that no longer is found on Earth is said to be what?
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Extinct
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What do all of these things have in common? DNA, protien structures, early development, body structures.
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They are all evidence of evolution
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Who was the naturalist on the beagle?
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Charles Darwin
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What did Darwin notice about the finches in the different Islands?
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They had different beaks that were adapted to the type of food they ate
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The gradual change in a species over time is called ....
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evolution
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A trait that helps an organism survive and reproduce is called a
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adaptation
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How does Natural selection lead to evolution?
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helpful variations accumulate among surviving members of the species
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Which term refers to a species creating more offspring than can possibly survive?
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overproduction
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Which term refers to the process by which individuals that are better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce
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natural selection
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differences between members of the same species are called
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variations
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What is the role of genes in evolution?
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Only traits that are controlled by genes can be acted on by natural selection
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What are fossils?
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the preserved remains or traces of organisms that lived in the past
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What did Darwin infer from his observations of organisms in South America and the Galapagos Islands?
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A small number of plant and animal species had come to the galapagos Islands from South America
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A species is a group of similar organisms that...
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can mate with each other and produce offspring
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A branching tree is
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a diagram showing how scientists think different groups of organisms are related
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Fossils are commonly found in
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Sedimentary rock
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How long does it take for an organism to change
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many generations
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A change in an organisms DNA is known as
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a mutation
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geologists have evidence that there once was one land mass called Pangea. The landform split apart into what we see today. How can this play a role in evolution?
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As drifting occured, species became separated and the environments changed. This would force the organisms to adapt or evolve to the new environment.
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When an organism creates more offspring than the environment can possibly support, this is called...
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overproduction
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Humans and rhesus monkey have similar proteins found in blood samples. What does this idicate?
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That humand and monkeys have a common ancestor
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name the process where desired characteristics are chosen for reproductive purposes
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selective breeding
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the theory of evolution combines the principles of ...
natural selection artificial selection genetic inheritance genetic resistance |
natural selection and genetic inheritance
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a blank helps an organism to survive
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adaptation
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