Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
A type of transport found in eukaryotes that uses endocytosis or
exocytosis to acquire nutrients and secrete waste products by creating a vesicle. |
bulk transport
|
|
A process through which a cell engulfs a large molecule to
acquire nutrients. |
endocytosis
|
|
A component within an organelle that translates proteins.
|
endoplasmic reticulum
|
|
A component within an organelle that packages materials to be
secreted through exocytosis. |
Golgi apparatus
|
|
The general term for any type of molecule a receptor binds to.
|
ligand
|
|
Meaning “false foot,” a portion of the cell that extends to engulf
unwanted material during the process of phagocytosis. |
pseudopodia
|
|
Five organelles in the eukaryotic cells are
|
nuclei
mitochondria endoplasmic reticulum Golgi apparatus vacuoles. |
|
The defining characteristic of a eukaryotic cell is the________?
|
nuclei.
|
|
What is a lysosome?
|
A lysosome is a eukaryotic organelle that is full of toxic chemicals and degradative enzymes. When a phagocyte phagocytoses a microbe, the lysosome and phagosome fuse so that the lysosomal contents can kill and degrade the microbe.
|
|
A class of hyphae that lacks cross-walls.
|
aseptate
|
|
The polysaccharide that composes the cell walls of most fungi.
|
chitin
|
|
A type of fungi that uses organic material made by other cells.
|
heterotrophic
|
|
In molds, long chains of hairlike connected cells; can be divided
into two classes: septate and aseptate. |
hyphae
|
|
Fuzzy masses of hyphae.
|
mycelia
|
|
A type of fungi that obtains nutrients from dead organic material.
|
saprobes
|
|
A class of hyphae that contains cross-walls separating individual
cells. |
septate
|
|
All fungi are heterotrophs meaning they:
|
use preformed (living or dead) organic material nutritionally. Saprobes are fungi that require their nutrients to come specifically from dead organic material.
|
|
An important nonmedical role of Fungi?
|
Fungi break down organic material into forms that are reusable by other living things.
|
|
______ have single, round cells.
|
Yeast
|
|
________ grow in long chains.
|
Molds
|
|
What is the main function of fungal spores?
|
Spores allow widespread dissemination of the organisms.
|
|
Fungal cell walls are composed of _______________?
|
polysaccharide chitin.
|
|
The major lipid of fungi is ______________?
|
ergosterol.
|
|
Algae that produce a silicon structural matrix that settles to the
bottom of the ocean when the organisms die. |
diatoms
|
|
An infectious form produced by sporozoa, a type of protozoan
with no appendages. |
sporozoite
|
|
The vegetative, or growing form, of a protozoan during its
lifetime. |
trophozoite
|
|
The three groups of the kingdom Protista are
|
algae
protozoa slime molds |
|
What role do algea play in marine life?
|
Algae along with other organisms in plankton, use the Sun’s energy to produce most of the organic material and oxygen available in the ocean. They are primary food sources for many of the ocean’s inhabitants.
|
|
Algal cell walls are mainly composed of ___________?
|
cellulose. Agar and pectin are also present. Members of the diatom subgroup of algae have a silicon cell wall similar to silicon found in glass and rocks.
|
|
Protozoans are classified according to their
|
locomotion apparatus.
|
|
How do cellular and acellular slime molds differ?
|
Cellular slime molds grow in groups of individual cells, whereas acellular slime molds grow into a plasmodium, a giant cell containing many nuclei.
|
|
Flea vectors transmit ____________.
|
plague
|
|
Dermacentor andersoni (Rocky Mountain wood tick transmits
|
Rickettsia rickettsii, which causes Rocky Mountain spotted fever.
|
|
Ixodes scapularis (deer tick) transmits
|
Borrelia burgdorferi, which causes Lyme disease
|
|
part of cell vital in energy production
|
mitochondria (Ch 6)
|
|
secretion of whole antibody molecules
|
exocytosis
|
|
small membrane sac used in enocytosis and exocytosis; forms when cell receptor binds to ligand
|
Vesicle
|
|
the three classifications of fungi
|
1. Mold
2. Yeast 3. Mushrooms (ch. 7) |
|
broad grouping of eukaryotes other than plants, animals and fungi; include algae, protozoans and slime molds.
|
Protist (Ch. 8)
|
|
term that comes from phtyo meaning plant and plankton meaning drifting; found in salt H2O and includes algae.
|
phytoplankton
|
|
uses energy from sunlight to convert CO2 and H2O into carbs (photosynthesis) and O2.
|
chloraphyll
|
|
4 classifications of protozoans (based on motility appendages)
|
1. flagellates (have flagella)
2. Ciliates (have cilia) 3. ameoba (pseudopodia; crawls) 4. sporozoites (no appendages) |
|
vegetative, growing form of protozoa
|
trophozoite
|
|
resting or dormant form of protozoa that is more resistant to drying, decreased temps and food scarcity
|
cyst
|
|
type of mold that produce spores and grow in fungi habitats, but are not classified as fungi d/t motility.
|
slime mold
|
|
Mold similar to slime mold except for flagellation of reproductive cells
|
H20 mold
|
|
carriers of pathogens
|
vectors (Ch. 9)
|
|
transmit trench fever, typhus and relapsing fever.
|
head and body lice
|
|
transmit rickettsial pox
|
mites
|
|
How do mosquitoes transmit pathogens
|
pathogen migrates to salivary gland where it replicates.
|
|
organelles that contain cloraphyll
|
chloroplasts
|