Essentials Of Human Anatomy & Physiology

Front 1

Anatomy

Back 1

Study of the structure of living organisms.

Front 2

Physiology

Back 2

Study of the function of living organisms.

Front 3

Atom

Back 3

The smallest part of an element; indivisible by ordinary chemical means.

Front 4

Cell

Back 4

The structural and functional unit of living organisms; contains a nucleus and a variety of organelles enclosed by a limiting membrane.

Front 5

Tissue

Back 5

A group of similar cells (and their intercellular substance) specialized to perform a specific function; primary tissue types of the body are epithelial, connective, muscle, and nervous tissue.

Front 6

Organ

Back 6

A part of the body formed of two or more tissues and adapted to carry out a specific function; e.g., the stomach.

Front 7

Organ system

Back 7

A group of organs that work together to perform a vital body function; e.g., the nervous system.

Front 8

Organism

Back 8

The living animal (or plant), which represents the sum total of all its organ systems working together to maintain life.

Front 9

Integumentary system

Back 9

Skin and its derivatives; provides the external protective covering of the body.

Front 10

Skeletal system

Back 10

System of protection and support composed primarily of bone and cartilage.

Front 11

Muscular system

Back 11

The organ system consisting of the skeletal muscles of the body and their connective tissue attachments.

Front 12

Nervous system

Back 12

Fast-acting control system that triggers muscle contraction or gland secretion.

Front 13

Endocrine system

Back 13

Body system that includes internal organs that secrete hormones.

Front 14

Cardiovascular system

Back 14

Organ system which distributes the blood to deliver nutrients and remove wastes.

Front 15

Lymphatic system

Back 15

System consisting of lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, and other lymphoid organs and tissues; drains excess tissue fluid from the extracellular space and provides a site for immune surveillance.

Front 16

Respiratory system

Back 16

Organ system that carries out gas exchange; includes the nose, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs.

Front 17

Digestive system

Back 17

System that processes food into absorbable units and eliminates indigestible wastes.

Front 18

Urinary system

Back 18

System primarily responsible for water, electrolyte, and acid-base balance and removal of nitrogenous wastes.

Front 19

Reproductive system

Back 19

Organ system that functions to produce offspring.

Front 20

What are the 6# Levels of Structural Orginization?

Back 20

1. Chemical Level
2. Cellular Level
3. Tissue Level
4. Organ Level
5. Organ System Level
6. Organismal Level.

Front 21

What Happens at the
1. Chemical Level?

Back 21

Atoms combine to form molecules.

Front 22

What Happens at the
2. Cellular Level?

Back 22

Cells are made up pf molecules.

Front 23

What Happens at the
3. Tissue Level?

Back 23

Tissues consist of similiar types of cells.

Front 24

What are the 3# types of tissue structures?

Back 24

1. Epithelial
2. Smoooth muscle
3. Connective

Front 25

What does the Skeletal System provide for?

Back 25

*Protects and supports body organs,
* Provides muscle attatchments for movement
i.e. "leevers".

Front 26

What does the Muscular System provide for?

Back 26

*Allows locomotion.
*Maintains posture.
*Produces heat. "shivering"

Front 27

What does the Integumentry Sytem provide for?

Back 27

*Forms the external bodies organs.
*Protects us from infection.

Front 28

What does the Nervous System provide for?

Back 28

*Responds to external & Internal change.
*Activates muscles and glands.

Front 29

What does the Cardiovascular System provide for?

Back 29

*Transports materials in the body via blood pumped by the heart.

Front 30

What does the Endocrine System provide for?

Back 30

*Secretes regulatory hormones.
*Growth production.

Front 31

What does the Lymphatic System provide for?

Back 31

*Returns fluid to bllod vessals.
*Disposes of debri's
*Involved in immunity.

Front 32

Edema

Back 32

Abnormal accumulation of fluid in body parts or tissues; causes swelling.

Front 33

What does the Respiratory System provide for?

Back 33

*Keeps blood supplied w/oxygen.
*Removes carbon dioxide.

Front 34

What does the Digestive System provide for?

Back 34

1.Breaks down.
2.Absorbs.
3.Eliminates.

Front 35

What does the Urinary System provide for?

Back 35

*Eliminates nitrogenous wastes.
*Water balance.
Regulates materials.
*Electrolytes.?

Front 36

What does the Reproductive System provide for?

Back 36

*Production of offspring.
Male XX
Female XY

Front 37

What are the Necessary Life functions?

Back 37

1.Maintain Boundaries
2.Movement
3.Responsiveness
4.Digestion
5.Metabolism
6.Excretion
7.Reproduction
8.Growth

Front 38

What does the Human Body need to SURVIVE?

Back 38

1/Nutrients
2/Water
3/Atmospheric Pressure

Front 39

Homeostasis

Back 39

A state of body equilibrium or stable internal environment of the body.

Front 40

Homeostatic Imbalance

Back 40

A disturbance in Homeostasis, resulting in disease.

Front 41

Feedback Mechanisms

Back 41

1/Negative feedback.
*Imbalnce of homeostasis
2/Positive feedback.
*Clotting,& childbirth

Front 42

Lateral

Back 42

Away from the midline of the body.

Front 43

Proximal

Back 43

Toward the attached end of a limb or the origin of a structure.

Front 44

Distal

Back 44

Away from the attached end of a limb or the origin of a structure.

Front 45

Superficial

Back 45

Near or at the surface.

Front 46

Digestion

Back 46

Chemical or mechanical process of breaking down foodstuffs to substances that can be absorbed.

Front 47

Metabolism

Back 47

Sum total of the chemical reactions occuring in the body cells.

Front 48

Sagittal section

Back 48

A longitudinal (vertical) plane that divides the body or any of its parts into right and left portions.