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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Which surfaces are protected from ice by bleed air? |
Engine inlets Wing leading edges Horiz. Stab leading edges |
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How is bleed air distributed to the wing / stab leading edges? |
Through the wing / stab anti-ice valves to piccolo tubes. (Piccolo tubes are perforated to direct hot bleed air to the leading edge surfaces to heat them.) |
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From which pneumatic system is bleed air for the horizontal stabilizer taken? |
The left system. |
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What buses are the wing and stabilizer anti-ice valves on? |
DC buses
(Wings: DC 1, Stab: DC 2) |
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What happens to wing and stabilizer anti-ice valves when the DC buses fail? |
Wing / stab anti-ice valves fail closed. |
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Will engine lip anti-ice be available if DC buses fail? |
Yes. (Although the engine anti-ice valves are on DC buses, they fail open.) |
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Are the wing and stab systems protected from over- / under-pressure and duct leaks? |
Yes. (Pressure and temperature sensors installed in the wing / stab systems detect faulty conditions and generate EICAS caution messages.) |
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When will the Engine Anti-Ice Valves open? (Assuming DC power and Engine Air Inlet button pushed) |
Override set to ALL or ENG. Override set to AUTO and any ice detector is activated. Ice Test set to 1 or 2 |
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When will the Wing / Stab Anti-Ice Valves open? (Assuming DC power and Wing / Stab button pushed) |
In flight or wheel speed > 25 knots, AND -Ice Detector on ALL, or -Ice Detector on ENG or AUTO and any ice detector is activated Ice Test set to 1 or 2 |
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How should the Pneumatics and Ice Panels be set for the Ice Test? |
Engine Bleeds On, APU Bleed Off, Crossbleed Auto, Packs On. (All dark, 12 o-clock, "Normal" position) Ice Detection Knob - ALL |
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What power setting should be used for the Ice Test? |
Min 83% N2 |
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What is the time limitation for the Ice Test? Why? |
15 seconds Extended use of wing / stab anti-ice without sufficient airflow (25 knots) could lead to structural damage from high temperature bleed air. |
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If the automatic mode of the thermal anti-ice system fails, what limitations should be observed? |
Do not use manual anti-ice above 10 degrees C or below -40 degrees C. |
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What EICAS messages should be observed during the Ice Test? |
ICE DET 1 (2) FAIL (caution) BLD 1 (2) LOW TEMP (caution) ICE CONDITION (advisory) CROSS BLD OPEN (advisory)* *only if no Pressure Regulating Shutoff Valve is installed for Crossbleed |
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What is the definition of Icing Conditions per the SOP? |
10 degrees C or below (SAT on ground, TAT in flight)
Visible moisture of any kind (Clouds, visibility 1 SM or less, rain, snow, sleet, ice crystals) |
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When should the ENG override be used on the ground? |
When operating in icing conditions, OR On surfaces with snow, ice, slush, or standing water and SAT at or below 10 degrees C |
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How should the Pneumatic and Ice panels be configured for a takeoff in Icing Conditions? |
Engine Bleeds - OPEN APU Bleeds - CLOSED Packs - OFF Crossbleed - AUTO
Ice Detector Override - ENG Windshield Heat - ON |
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Is the APU bleed air hot enough for anti-ice? |
No. |
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Which stage is bleed air for anti-icing taken from? |
14th stage engine bleed |
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Is it possible to use APU bleed for air conditioning while taxiing in icing conditions? |
Yes. (The engine bleed air for anti-ice is tapped prior to the engine bleed valves, therefore engine bleed valves may be closed and APU bleed open.) |
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How do FADECs adjust maximum engine thrust for takeoff with REF A-ICE set ON? |
FADECs will artificially limit the maximum thrust available on the ground so that no loss of thrust will occur during takeoff if the anti-ice system demands engine bleed air. (The thrust limitation is removed in flight.) |
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How do FADECs affect the flight idle engine speeds in icing conditions? When is this inhibited? |
FADEC will increase flight idle speeds to allow for enough bleed air for anti-icing. This is inhibited below 15,000' with the gear down (to allow the aircraft to slow for landing). |
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When happens to the Packs in ICE CONDITIONs below 24,600'? |
Pack 1 valve closes. (This is to allow enough air to flow to the left wing and horizontal stabilizer which are on the left pneumatic system.) |
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How do the ice detectors detect ice? |
They vibrate at a very high frequency, and when 0.5 mm of ice builds up, the weight of the ice changes the frequency of vibration. |
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What happens to the ice detectors after ice has been detected? |
A heating element turns on to melt the ice. It stays on until the vibration returns to normal frequency. (The icing detected signal remains active for 60 seconds.) |
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What does the SPS/ICE SPEEDS advisory message mean? |
Ice has been detected and the SPS system will actuate at reduced angles of attack for flaps 9, 18, and 22. (This can only be reset by the performing the Stall Test on the ground.) |
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When is the SPS / ICE SPEEDS reduction inhibited? |
During the first 5 minutes after takeoff. |
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Which systems are protected by electric anti-ice? |
Windshields Sensors Water service nipples and waste water drain |
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What sensors are electrically protected from ice? |
Forward sensors: Pitot 1 and 2 Pitot/static 3 AOA 1 and 2 TAT 1 and 2 ADS static ports (4) Rear sensors: Pressurization / FADEC static ports 1 and 2 |
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Which electrically-heated sensors are on essential power buses? |
Pitot / Static 3 Pressurization / FADEC static port 2 (The rest are on DC Buses) |
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Which sensors have logic that makes sure they are heated whenever the plane is in flight? |
Pitot / Static 3 Pressurization / FADEC static port 2 (The same two sensors are essentially powered.) |
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When are the TAT probes heated? |
Ground: When engine anti-ice is on (Hot lips, hot tats) Flight: At all times (as long as the button pushed in) |
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When are the water service and waster water drains heated? |
Whenever the DC 1 bus is energized. |
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When are the non-essential, non-TAT sensors heated? |
When either engine is above 56.4% N2. |
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Which windshield is green with vertical elements? Which is clear with horizontal elements? |
Green: Sierracin Clear: PPG |
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What powers Windshield Heat 1? Windshield Heat 2? |
Windshield Heat 1: DC bus 1 Windshield Heat 2: Shed bus 2 |
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How many temperature sensors are on the windshields? |
3. (One temp control, one overheat protection, one backup for maintenance use) |
