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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
Functions of the medulla; result of damage
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Flow of information between brain and spinal cord
Coordinates swallow, cough, sneeze Regulates breathing, heartbeat, blood pressure Damage is often fatal |
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Functions of the cerebellum; result of damage
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Balance, posture, sensorimotor learning, attention shifting
Small cerebellum linked to autism Damage can produce ataxia (slurred speech, tremor, loss of balance) |
Sara Bellum is a southern belle who is always poised and balanced. She is adept at learning new motor skills but her attention shifts often.
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Function of pons
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Connects the halves of the cerebellum and helps integrate movements in right and left side of body.
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Reticular formation functions
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Respiration, cough, vomit, posture, locomotion, REM sleep
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Reticular Activating System functions
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Part of reticular formation
Consciousness, arousal, wakefulness Screens sensory input especially during sleep and arouses executive parts of brain when warranted Damage disrupts sleep and can produce permanent coma. |
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Thalamus functions
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Relay station transmitting all sensory information except smell to appropriate areas of the cortex; also motor activity, language, memory
Korsakoff Syndrome results from damage and involves both amnesias and confabulation |
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Hypothalamus functions
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Hunger, thirst, sex, sleep, body temperature, movement, emotional reactions
Suprachiasmatic nucleus (circadian rhythm or biorhythm)is here and damage to it can cause SAD Damage can cause intense laughter or rage |
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Basal ganglia functions
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planning, organizing, coordinating voluntary movement; regulating amplitude and direction of motor actions; sensorimotor learning; physical expressions of emotion such as smiling
Damage can result in Huntington's, Parkinson's, and Tourette's, mania, depression, OCD, psychosis |
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Limbic system
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Contains amygdala and hippocampus
Primarily mediates emotions |
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Amygdala
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attaches emotions to memories, recall of emotionally-charged experiences; directs motivational and emotional activities; receives olfactory signals
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Hippocampus
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Processes spatial, visual, and verbal infromation and consolidates declarative memories (converts short-term to long-term).
Damage resultes in both amnesias |
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Frontal Lobe
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Motor, Premotor, Prefrontal areas
Control of voluntary movements, Broca's area (speech production), emotion, memory, self-awareness, executive functions. |
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Parietal Lobe
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Contains somatosensory cortex
Pressure, temperature, pain, proprioception, gustation Damage disturbes spatial orientation, apraxia (skilled motor movement problem), somatosensory agnosia (tactile agnosia, asomatognosia, and anosognosia) Lesion to right parietal lob: contralateral neglect Lesion to left parietal lobe: ideational apraxia (can't carry out sequence of actions) ideomotor apraxia (can't obey simple motor command), and Gerstmann syndrome (finger agnosia, right-left confusion, agraphia, acalculia) |
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Temporal Lobe
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Contains auditory cortex, Wernicke's area
Auditory sensation/perception; long-term declaratice memories Damage causes auditory agnosia, auditory hallucinations, Wernicke's (receptive) aphasia; both amnesias. |
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Occipital Lobe
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Contains visual cortex
Damage results in visual agnosia, visual hallucinations, cortical blindness Left side damage: simultanagnosia (can't see >1 thing at a time) Lesion at junction of occipital, temporal, and parietal lobes produces prosopagnosia (can't recognize familiar faces) |
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