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11 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Steps in formal research
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1. Background
2. Stimulating observation, question, or problem 3. Working hypothesis 4. Conditional prediction 5. Gather and analyze data 6. Draw conclusions |
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What was already known or taken as fact?
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Background
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You notice something and begin to wonder "why?" or "how?"
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Stimulating observation, question, or problem
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You make a guess
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Working hypothesis
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You formulate a prediction, if...then statement
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Conditional prediction
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You make observations or do experiments to see if the predicted consequence does occur
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Gather & analyze data
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Conclusions drawn:
Rule 1: if predicted consequence doesn't occur, you conclude the working hypothesis is not true Rule 2: if the predicted consequence does occur, you conclude that the working hypothesis might be true. |
Draw Conclusions
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Is science a collection of answers or facts about the natural/biological world?
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No, it is a process for asking questions that matter in such a way that nature can reveal the answers.
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Working hypothesis
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Unambiguous, declarative assertion about how nature works
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Confounding variable
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A third variable that wasn't studied that could also lead to the same result
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Does association prove causation?
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No!
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