As- Enzymes - Ocr

Front 1

activation energy

Back 1

the energy required to initiate a reaction.

Front 2

active site

Back 2

area of an enzyme with a shape complementary to a specific substrate, allowing the enzyme to bind a substrate with specificity.

Front 3

catalase

Back 3

an enzyme that catalyses the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide.

Front 4

cofactors

Back 4

non-protein components necessary for the effective functioning of an enzyme.

Front 5

competitive inhibitor

Back 5

an inhibitor that competes with substrate to bind to active site on an enzyme.

Front 6

end-product inhibition

Back 6

the product of a reaction inhibits the enzyme required for the reaction.

Front 7

enzyme-substrate complex

Back 7

complex formed when a substrate is bound to the active site of an enzyme.

Front 8

enzyme−product complex

Back 8

complex formed as a result of an enzyme-catalysed reaction, when a substrate is converted to a product or products while bound to the active site of an enzyme.

Front 9

enzymes

Back 9

biological catalysts that interact with substrate molecules to facilitate chemical reactions. Usually globular proteins.

Front 10

induced-fit hypothesis

Back 10

modified lock and key explanation for enzyme action; the active site of the enzyme is modified in shape by binding to the substrate.

Front 11

inhibitor

Back 11

a factor that prevents or reduces the rate of an enzyme-catalysed reaction.

Front 12

substrate

Back 12

a substance used, or acted on, by another process or substance. For example a reactant in an enzyme-catalysed reaction.

Front 13

non-competitive inhibitor

Back 13

an inhibitor that binds to an enzyme at an allosteric site.

Front 14

proteases

Back 14

enzymes that catalyse the breakdown of proteins and peptides into amino acids.

Front 15

temperature coefficient (Q10)

Back 15

a measure of how much the rate of a reaction increases with a 10 °C temperature increase.

Front 16

Vmax

Back 16

maximum initial velocity or rate of an enzyme-catalysed reaction.