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33 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
Describe the bee anatomy
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they have fuzzy bodies with mirrors on the sides that produce wax
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Why are bees ideal pollinators?
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They are loyal to a species, hardworking, and have fuzzy bodies
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Describe the fox guarding the henhouse analogy and give an example of it
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You cant have someone from a company do their own testing because they could skew it for their benefit. An example is that the EPA has people within a company do their own safety testing of their products
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What are the symptoms of CCD
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bees disappear, hive raiders disappear, find diseases/mites, abandoned brood, and remaining bees are very disorganized
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Draw the anatomy of a flower and properly label it
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petals, nectar guides, sepals. Female: Piston with stigma and ovules. Male: Stamen with anther and filament
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What are the ecosystem goods and services?
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1. Provisioning - can harvest directly (food/water) provision means to provide necessities. 2. Supporting services - indirectly helps us meet necessities (pollination/decomposition) 3. Cultural services - (religion/recreation) 4. Unknown
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What are cultural lenses and why do we study them?
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The beliefs, values, and perceptions that affect how people view nature and how they use/transform it. Nature is culturally constructed. There is no right way to view the environment. We study this to solve environmental problems and make compromises
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What are the eras of agriculture?
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1920's - increase of mechanism (tractors) which increased land cultivation 1950's - green revolution and the Haber-Bosh process 1990's - biotechnology (sexed semen/GM crops)
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What are the different types of farms?
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Organic - also "beyond organic" where they use sustainable practices. Traditional - typical, avg sized, uses technology. Industrial - mass quantities (CAFOs)
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What are positive and negitive externalities (and definition) of modern agriculture?
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externalities=unintended consequences. Positive: increase of technology, increase of jobs, and decrease of urban sprawl. Negative: soil erosion/nutrient depletion, surfice water degradation/depletion, dead zones, antibiotic resistance, pesticide contamination, decrease in biodiversity
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What are the uses of genetically modified food?
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resistance to pests, delay ripening, adaptability to environmental conditions, improve flavor and/or nutritional profile, increase shelf life
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What are dangers of genetically modified foods?
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allergic reactions, increased natural toxicity, resistance to antibiotics, harm to other organisms (insects to birds)
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What is rBST?
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a genetically engineered drug injected into cows to increase milk production
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Ethics vs. Paradigms
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Ethics are moral beliefs and paradigms are world views
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Anthropocentrism vs Biocentrism
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HEP: "Human Exceptionalist Paradigm" - humans seperate from nature, all problems are solvable by technology, human success is derived from control of nature, there is always more and it is all meant for us. NEP: "New Environmental Paradigm - humans evolved with nature, humans still have intricate linkages, the world is finite, nature has last word
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Can HEP and NEP overlap?
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yes, something that is a world view may not be ethical; people may not be educated in the matter
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What are the pillars of sustainability and how are they interconnected?
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Economy, society, and environment. Economy/society - changes must be affordable. Society/environment - changes must be bearable. Environment/economy - changes must be viable
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What are the main indicators of unsustainability?
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resource depletion, overpopulation, and pollution
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What is synergism?
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The interaction of multiple chemicals. It is hard to find one chemical that causes a problem because a combination most likely is the cause
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What is the example of "proprietary law"?
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Monsanto has a proprietary seed market so you need a liscense to be able to use round up
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What are the symbiotic relationships?
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Mutualism (+,+) Commensalism (+,o) Ammensalism (-,o) Competition (-,-) Antagonism (+,-) Neutralism (o,o)
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What are the main products of bees?
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Wax, honey, pollination, and propolis.
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What are the primary classes of insecticides?
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Organochlorines, organophosphates, carbomates, botanicals, insect growth regulators, and genetic engineering
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What are the supply gluts?
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New Deal Programs, Soil Bank Programs, and Conservation Reserve Program
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What are problems with "economies of scale"
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it leads to monopolies, less regard for the environment, money is less evenly dispersed, all eggs are in one basket
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What are problems with subsidies?
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There is market distortion, unhealthy diets, usually benefit large farms, can promote bad business, and lead to economies of scale
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What chemical biomagnifies and what are some of its side effects?
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DDT; causes thinning of shells and also diabetes in humans.
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What are the problems of Chinese honey?
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The low cost caused us to have a tariff. The honey is a "blend" and has antibiotics in it that cause resistance to antibiotics, allergic reactions, synergistic reactions, and endosymbiosis
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What strategies do bees have to survive the winter?
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They can stay in the hive and shake to stay warm (up to 95 degrees), hibernation, migration, or generational death.
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What are the different jobs of honey bees?
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The queen lays eggs, workers nurse, receive pollen, and forage, and drones fertilize the queen
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What are the different types of bees and how can you tell them apart?
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The queen has a very large abdomen and a curved stinger. Drones have no stinger and very large eyes. Workers have a stinger and pollen baskets on ther hind legs.
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What are the ways the bees communicate?
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Dances, piping noises to swarm, and pheromones.
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What are the different types of bee dances and what do they mean?
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Waggle - to give directions. Shake - get more foragers. Tremble - get more receivers.
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