Environmental Science Final Exam

Front 1

what is a renewable source

Back 1

replaced by a natural source
oxygen water trees

Front 2

what is a nonrenewable source

Back 2

cannot be replaced by a natural process or takes millions of years replace: fossil fuels, coal, natural gas, oil

Front 3

list similarities and differences of renewable and non renewable

Back 3

they both can be repaced just some take longer, they can eventually be used up if we do not replace them

Front 4

reasons we are in a fuel crisis now

Back 4

we still drive to many large vehicles, we waste alot of fuel, we could car pool more, more research and production of hybrid cars

Front 5

five alternative fuels

Back 5

solar, biomass,hydroelectric, wind, nuclear

Front 6

disadvantages, advantages

Back 6

solar- grea never run out, but needs tobe collected
biomass- burning it, but expensive
hydroelecric, good sourowrce not every place has water and a dam,
wind fatest growing, but not everywhere has wind
nuclear power, very expensive

Front 7

law of conservation of energy

Back 7

energy can neither be created or destroyed but can be changed from one form to another

Front 8

main use of coal today

Back 8

to make electricity

Front 9

main use of oil today

Back 9

crude oil gasoline heating

Front 10

natural gas

Back 10

heating electricity

Front 11

how does water move through an ecosystem

Back 11

very slowly through the water cycle

Front 12

aresenic poisoing

Back 12

harmful effects of aresenic compounds, pestisides, chemotherapy drugs,plants, insecticides,

Front 13

effects aresenic poisioning

Back 13

acute poisioning can cause damage to kidneys, destruction of red blood cells,

Front 14

elevation effects water pollution

Back 14

by the movement of water with the barametric pressure

Front 15

ppm

Back 15

parts per million

Front 16

ppb

Back 16

parts per billion

Front 17

pathogenic disease

Back 17

disease cause by disease causing agents, cause from raw food, pests, pets, fleas, ticks

Front 18

catch a pathogenic disease

Back 18

soil,stagant water, sewage,

Front 19

coliform bacteria

Back 19

ecoli usual animal waste in the water

Front 20

largest freshwater source

Back 20

great lakes

Front 21

how much fresh water in liters does the earth have

Back 21

roughly 1260000000000000000000 liters)

Front 22

wateris salt, ground, frozen

Back 22

salt 97%
glacier 2.15 %
ground 0.61 %

Front 23

wetlands

Back 23

a wetland can be year around or seasonal, links land and water it is a transition zone

Front 24

wetlands are important

Back 24

habitat for thousands of acquatic and terristial plants and animals, controls floods, absorbs acess nutrients n sidements and polutants, fishing , canoeing, hiking

Front 25

humans do to wetalnds

Back 25

the pollute the, fill them in, dig them up

Front 26

water is treated

Back 26

coaglation= removes chemical and dirt
sedimentation- heavy particles settle to the bottom and clear water moves filteration

Front 27

filteration

Back 27

closed tank disinfection takes place then it goes to home and business

Front 28

acid rain

Back 28

acadic by certain pollutants in the air

Front 29

causes of acid rain

Back 29

such as sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide, rise high in the air Human main cause have a released many chemicals into air

Front 30

problems acid rain causes

Back 30

it causes asthma pnemonia, broenchitis, it destroys sthe ozone layer, damage forests, lakes and streams kills different spieces

Front 31

acid and basic

Back 31

basic baking soda, anominia
acidic vinegar

Front 32

how old is the water we drink

Back 32

as old as the earth, because of the cycle

Front 33

if the water cycle were to stop

Back 33

the rain would stop, and thus killiing the plants, which means photosynethseis would stop and all the oxygen would be replaced with carbon dioxide which would kill all that breathe oxygen, thus kill the planet

Front 34

sources of water pollution

Back 34

industrial plants, storm drains, ponds, trash, chemical factories,

Front 35

how is watered cleaned naturally and by humans

Back 35

distilation,evaporation, crystilazation,aeriation

humans water treatment plants

Front 36

artifical wetlands

Back 36

the flow of the water is the main problem

Front 37

why do some people feel are landfills are ok

Back 37

they see that we are making them into usable objects, they are being made everywhere to fast

Front 38

land fills are in big trouble,

Back 38

peoplrowing away still need to recycle more, still throwing away to much, and wasting

Front 39

macomb county landfill

Back 39

leneox county

Front 40

landfill gases are created

Back 40

Three processes—bacterial decomposition, volatilization, and chemical reactions—form landfill gas.

Front 41

landfill gases are used for

Back 41

as energy sources

Front 42

3'rs of waste management

Back 42

reduce reuse recycle

Front 43

reduce trash output

Back 43

recycle paper and plastic,
depoist on bottle and cans'
special containers and bags for yard waste

Front 44

harzardous wastes

Back 44

dishwashing degerent, paint, motor oil

Front 45

they are commonly found

Back 45

in our homes

Front 46

items that contain hazaardous waste

Back 46

paint, oil, aresol cans insectisides

Front 47

what do you do with these hazadous waste

Back 47

put oil in plasic containers, let paint dry, take all things to a hazardous waste site

Front 48

composting

Back 48

is the dicomposing of vegetables, plants, leaves and soil together to make a nutrient rich soil

Front 49

composting is important

Back 49

it is another way of recycling and making the soil rich for planting

Front 50

what is the difference between a
landfiil and dump

Back 50

modern landfill is lined with waterproof materials, such as clay and
plastic, that prevent rainwater and other liquids that ooze out of waste
from getting into the environment and contaminating the ground
dump is a big whole in the ground

Front 51

population

Back 51

A population is all the members of one species in a given area.

Front 52

natality

Back 52

When birth rate (natality) outnumbers the deaths, the population grows.

Front 53

fatality

Back 53

When death rate (fatality) outnumbers the births, the population size decreases.

Front 54

immagration

Back 54

Immigration = moving in = higher pop.

Front 55

emmigration

Back 55

Emigration = moving out = lower pop.

Front 56

human population pyramid

Back 56

see attached sheet

Front 57

exponential population growth

Back 57

a population has a constant birth rate through time and is never limited by food or disease, it has what is known as exponential ...

Front 58

carrying capacity

Back 58

Carrying capacity refers to the number of individuals who can be supported in a given area within natural resource limits, and without degrading the natural social, cultural and economic environment for present and future generations.

Front 59

lag phase

Back 59

The initial growth phase, during which cell number remains relatively constant prior to rapid growth. ...

Front 60

death phase

Back 60

Stationary phase is a steady-state equilibrium where the rate of cell growth (division) is exactly balanced by the rate of cell death (i.e., ...

Front 61

predator prey relatio ship

Back 61

see handout

Front 62

global warming evidence

Back 62

The researchers looked at the infrared spectrum of long-wave radiation from a region over the Pacific Ocean, as well as from the entire globe. The data came from two different spacecraft�the NASA's Nimbus 4 spacecraft, which surveyed the planet with an Infrared Interferometric Spectrometer (IRIS) between April 1970 and January 1971, and the Japanese ADEO satellite, which utilized the Interferometric Monitor of Greenhouse Gases (IMG) instrument, starting in 1996. To ensure that the data were reliable and comparable, the team looked only at readings from the same three-month period of the year (April to June) and adjusted them to eliminate the effects of cloud cover. The findings indicated long-term changes in atmospheric CH4, CO2, ozone (O3) and CFC 11 and 12 concentrations and, consequently, a significant increase in the earth's greenhouse effect.

Front 63

greenhouse effect is

Back 63

The greenhouse effect causes the atmosphere to trap more heat energy at the Earth's surface and within the atmosphere by absorbing and re-emitting longwave energy.

Front 64

grrenhouse eefect and global warming are related by

Back 64

Given what we know about the ability of greenhouse gases to warm the Earth's surface, it is reasonable to expect that as concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere rise above natural levels, the Earth's surface will become increasingly warm. Many scientists have now concluded that global warming can be explained by a human-caused enhancement of the greenhouse effect.

Given what we know about the ability of greenhouse gases to warm the Earth's surface, it is reasonable to expect that as concentrations of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere rise above natural levels, the Earth's surface will become increasingly warm. Many scientists have now concluded that global warming can be explained by a human-caused enhancement of the greenhouse effect.

Front 65

foerestry is a important study in michigan because

Back 65

how it relates to global warming

Front 66

old growth and second growth

Back 66

Forests regenerated after harvests or severe disruptions like fire, storms or insects is often referred to as a second-growth forest or regeneration until a long enough period has passed that the effects of the disturbance are old 100 years or more consist of dead material as well

Front 67

forest management

Back 67

The Forest Service is strongly committed to the management of the National Forests in an environmentally sound manner. The agency's top priority is to maintain and improve the health, diversity, and productivity of forest ecosystems for the enjoyment of current and future generations. Forest management includes guidance, administration, and support of the agency's forest products management and sales programs. Read more about forest
Forest Act. According to the FMA, "all forests must be managed by a plan. ...
archive.rec.org/REC/Publications/PPAdvise/Slovakia.html - Cached

Front 68

methods used to cut down forest

Back 68

cut part and replant
clear the whole forest
ake out dead wood

Front 69

invasive insects

Back 69

Some invasive species are mere castaways, sightseers hitching rides on imported cargo, and offer little cause for concern. Others, though, are decimating forests and wreaking havoc on the environment.

The Asian long-horned beetle, for example, is believed

Front 70

god or bad invasive species

Back 70

Native species are good. And native is the self-explanitory. ... Invasive species can be bad, because most that are able to survive outside ...
environment