Environmental Science Exam #4

Front 1

Fossil fuels currently supply about ____ percent of all world commercial energy supplies.

Back 1

87

Front 2

The United States, making up less than 5 percent of the world's population, uses more than ___ of the world's commercial energy production.

Back 2

1/4

Front 3

Sweden, Denmark, and Switzerland have higher standards of living by most measures than Americans or Canadians...

Back 3

even though their energy use is much less than ours.

Front 4

Which of the following statements is true?

Back 4

The United States has only enough proven oil supplies to last 4 years at current rates of consumption.

Front 5

Worldwide, coal deposits are...

Back 5

Widespread and intensive.

Front 6

A reason to encourage green building designs would be that...

Back 6

it would save money that would be spent on energy needs.

Front 7

Most useful oil deposits are usually found...

Back 7

saturating porous rocks, like water in a sponge.

Front 8

_____________________ can easily be moved across land in pipelines, but must be transported in special refrigerated ships to move across oceans.

Back 8

Natural gas

Front 9

Nuclear power provides about _____ percent of the US energy supply.

Back 9

9

Front 10

Most of the world's nuclear reactors are of the _____________ type.

Back 10

pressurized water (PWR)

Front 11

Control rods in a nuclear reactor are used to...

Back 11

Absorb neutrons.

Front 12

The most likely disaster in a nuclear power plant is that...

Back 12

cooling systems could fail, causing rapid overheating.

Front 13

A system of pipes painted black that have water circulating on the wall in a glass greenhouse on the south side of a building is an example of...

Back 13

An active solar heating system.

Front 14

Photovoltaic cells work because solar energy striking their surface...

Back 14

releases electrons, causing an electric potential in attached wires.

Front 15

Biofuels can be produced commercially using all of the following except...

Back 15

Algae

Front 16

In the United States about two-thirds of a ton of waste is generated for each person (including children). Compared to the United States, Japan and Europe generate about half that amount. One of the factors that probably does not contribute to this difference is...

Back 16

that people in the United States have a higher standard of living than Japan and Europe.

Front 17

According to the EPA, the US produces _____ tons of solid waste per year.

Back 17

11 billion

Front 18

Secure landfills are usually sealed with gravel.

Back 18

False

Front 19

The US stopped all dumping of municipal refuse into oceans in 1958.

Back 19

False

Front 20

Photodegradable plastics can breakdown in a landfill.

Back 20

False

Front 21

Using the heat from a trash incinerator to power nearby facilities is a process known as...

Back 21

Energy recovery.

Front 22

In 2000 what continent had the highest percentage of people living in urban areas?

Back 22

North America

Front 23

What is the name of the process the lending institution is going through?

Back 23

A cost-benefit analysis

Front 24

Which of the following is not a major criticism of this type of analysis?

Back 24

People are willing to answer questions about how much they would spend to save the Amazon rainforest.

Front 25

When we purchase a product, the price we pay directly reflects the _____ cost of producing it. If the manufacture of the product degrades the quality of air or water, then the costs of this pollution are termed _____ costs.

Back 25

Internal; external

Front 26

When a factory pollutes a river, the costs and losses that affect people downstream would be called...

Back 26

External costs

Front 27

Landfills differ from open dumps in that...

Back 27

landfilled waste is compacted and covered.

Front 28

Urbanization began to grow especially quickly after the...

Back 28

Industrial revolution

Front 29

Which would be an example of sustainable development?

Back 29

Development of brownfields in urban areas.

Front 30

Which is an example of a pull factor for an urban area?

Back 30

The availability of arts and cultural activities.

Front 31

Slums are usually dwelling places that are...

Back 31

legal but have inadequate living conditions.

Front 32

Traditional suburban development does not...

Back 32

facilitate social interactions among neighbors.

Front 33

The emphasis in the traditional U.S. suburban development is on ____. This is reflected by the _____.

Back 33

the automobile; prominent streets, garages, and driveways.

Front 34

Which is not a goal of smart growth?

Back 34

all of these are goals of smart growth.

Front 35

The idea of a steady-state economy was developed by...

Back 35

John Stuart Mill

Front 36

Suburbs are known for the presence of artistic and cultural opportunities.

Back 36

False

Front 37

The dilemma of public property use presented by Garret Hardin is also called the "free rider problem."

Back 37

True

Front 38

CERCLA legislation...

Back 38

Established the NPL

Front 39

Recycling, in terms of solid waste management, means...

Back 39

melting or shredding to make new products.

Front 40

Individual efforts to reduce the volume of the waste stream...

Back 40

Have enormous cumulative effects.

Front 41

Which of the following actions would probably encourage efficiency and recycling programs?

Back 41

All of these are correct.

Front 42

Hazardous waste is anything that...

Back 42

is toxic, carcinogenic, mutagenic, corrosive, or explosive.

Front 43

The National Priority List is a list of sites that...

Back 43

seriously require cleanup to prevent further environmental and health damage.

Front 44

Toxic landfills are frequently located in ________ areas.

Back 44

Urban.

Front 45

Illegal dumping and storage of hazardous waste...

Back 45

Continues to threaten public health.

Front 46

In the United States about two-thirds of a ton of waste is generated for each person (including children). Compared to the United States, Japan and Europe generate about half that amount. One of the factors that probably does not contribute to this difference is...

Back 46

that people in the United States have a higher standard of living than Japan and Europe.

Front 47

According to the EPA, the US produces _____ tons of solid waste per year.

Back 47

11 billion

Front 48

Secure landfills are usually sealed with gravel.

Back 48

False

Front 49

The US stopped all dumping of municipal refuse into oceans in 1958.

Back 49

False

Front 50

Photodegradable plastics can breakdown in a landfill.

Back 50

False

Front 51

Using the heat from a trash incinerator to power nearby facilities is a process known as...

Back 51

Energy recovery.

Front 52

In 2000 what continent had the highest percentage of people living in urban areas?

Back 52

North America

Front 53

What is the name of the process the lending institution is going through?

Back 53

A cost-benefit analysis

Front 54

Which of the following is not a major criticism of this type of analysis?

Back 54

People are willing to answer questions about how much they would spend to save the Amazon rainforest.

Front 55

When we purchase a product, the price we pay directly reflects the _____ cost of producing it. If the manufacture of the product degrades the quality of air or water, then the costs of this pollution are termed _____ costs.

Back 55

Internal; external

Front 56

When a factory pollutes a river, the costs and losses that affect people downstream would be called...

Back 56

External costs

Front 57

Landfills differ from open dumps in that...

Back 57

landfilled waste is compacted and covered.

Front 58

Urbanization began to grow especially quickly after the...

Back 58

Industrial revolution

Front 59

Which would be an example of sustainable development?

Back 59

Development of brownfields in urban areas.

Front 60

Which is an example of a pull factor for an urban area?

Back 60

The availability of arts and cultural activities.

Front 61

Slums are usually dwelling places that are...

Back 61

legal but have inadequate living conditions.

Front 62

Traditional suburban development does not...

Back 62

facilitate social interactions among neighbors.

Front 63

The emphasis in the traditional U.S. suburban development is on ____. This is reflected by the _____.

Back 63

the automobile; prominent streets, garages, and driveways.

Front 64

Which is not a goal of smart growth?

Back 64

all of these are goals of smart growth.

Front 65

The idea of a steady-state economy was developed by...

Back 65

John Stuart Mill

Front 66

Suburbs are known for the presence of artistic and cultural opportunities.

Back 66

False

Front 67

The dilemma of public property use presented by Garret Hardin is also called the "free rider problem."

Back 67

True

Front 68

CERCLA legislation...

Back 68

Established the NPL

Front 69

Recycling, in terms of solid waste management, means...

Back 69

melting or shredding to make new products.

Front 70

Individual efforts to reduce the volume of the waste stream...

Back 70

Have enormous cumulative effects.

Front 71

Which of the following actions would probably encourage efficiency and recycling programs?

Back 71

All of these are correct.

Front 72

Hazardous waste is anything that...

Back 72

is toxic, carcinogenic, mutagenic, corrosive, or explosive.

Front 73

The National Priority List is a list of sites that...

Back 73

seriously require cleanup to prevent further environmental and health damage.

Front 74

Toxic landfills are frequently located in ________ areas.

Back 74

Urban.

Front 75

Illegal dumping and storage of hazardous waste...

Back 75

Continues to threaten public health.