Aqa English Combined Terminology

Front 1

Common Noun

Back 1

A naming word for a thing that is tangible e.g. chair, penguin, man etc

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Abstract Noun

Back 2

Naming word for an idea, concept, state of being e.g. Sadness, love, politics, Marxism etc

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Proper Noun

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Naming word for a specific example of common noun e.g. Bob, Burnley, Paris etc

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Verb

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Word that represents action ('doing' word) e.g. walking, running, jumoing etc

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Active Verb

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Word that represents physical actions e.g. jump, slap, kiss, kill

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Stative Verb

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Word that represents a process that is often only mental e.g. think, ponder, fear, believe etc

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Auxiliary Verb

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Verb used with another verb to create present participles or future tense e.g "DID you go?" "I AM going"

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Modal Verb

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Auxiliary verb that express a degree of either possibility or necessity e.g. might, could, should, may etc

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Adjective

Back 9

A describing word that modifies a noun e.g. red, pretty etc

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Adverb

Back 10

Describing word for the verb e.g quickly, slowly etc

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Superlative

Back 11

Most extreme value of quality e.g smallest, quietest, furthest etc

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Comparative

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Adjective that relates one thing to another e.g. bigger, smaller, quieter

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Definite Article

Back 13

E.g. the

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Indefinite Article

Back 14

E.g. a, an

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Pronoun

Back 15

Takes place of a noun in a sentence e.g. him, her, it, I, you, me etc

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First Person Pronoun

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E.g. I, we, us, ours

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Second Person Pronoun

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E.g. you

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Third Person Pronoun

Back 18

E.g him, her, she, it

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Possessive Pronoun

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E.g. my, mine, our, yours etc

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Demonstrative Pronoun

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E.g. this, that, those

Front 21

Monosyllabic Lexis

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One syllable words e.g. lamp, chair etc

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Polysyllabic Lexis

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Two or more syllables e.g. hunter, crazy, onomatopoeia etc

Front 23

Register

Back 23

Level of formality of a text e.g. low register would be more colloquial whereas high register would be more sophisticated

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Tenor

Back 24

Tone or relationship between author and reader and how it is created

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Imperative Sentence

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Sentence us issuing a command e.g go eat something, put that down etc

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Declarative Sentence

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Sentence is making a statement e.g I hate you, it was him etc

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Interrogative Sentence

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Asking a question e.g. who is it? What the heck is a stiles?

Front 28

Exclamatory Sentence

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Convey a strong sense of emotion/alarm, overly emphasised (has exclamation mark at end) e.g. Harry did you put your name in the goblet of fire! (Movie version ofc)

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Attitudes

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Opinion expressed in text

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Content

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What text is about

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Context

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Things outside text which may shape its meaning e.g. when it was written, who wrote it

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Form

Back 32

Shape and structure of a text

Front 33

Themes

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Recurring ideas and images in a text

Front 34

Colloquialism

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Informal language e.g. innit, peng etc

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Ellipsis

Back 35

...

Front 36

Syntax

Back 36

Way words form sentences (ordering of them to create meaning)

Front 37

Parenthesis

Back 37

An aside within a text created by sectioning off extra information between brackets/dashes/commas e.g. Tony Stark (who is Ironman) is the strongest avenger.

Front 38

Rhetorical Question

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Question designed not to be answered

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Hypophora

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Rhetorical question immediately followed by an answer e.g "Did Ned Stark deserve better? For sure he did!"

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Hyperbole

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Deliberate over-exaggeration of things for effect e.g. it's so fluffy I'm gonna die

Front 41

Litotes

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Deliberate downplaying for effect e.g. telling someone who's arm got chopped off that it's just a cut

Front 42

Parallelism/ Patterning

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Creation of patterns in text through repetition of words and phrases (phonological parallelism) or balancing meanings (semantic parallelism) for deliberate effect

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Repetition

Back 43

Repeating words and phrases

Front 44

Tripling/ Tricolon

Back 44

Grouping in threes through repetition or structures e.g one ring to rule them all, one ring to find them, one ring to bring them all and in the darkness bind them

Front 45

Imagery

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Descriptive or metaphorical use of language to create vivid pocture

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Pre-modification

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Descriptive words come before thing that is described e.g. the dry peeling skin

Front 47

Post-modification

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Descriptive words after the thing's that described e.g. the skin, dry and peeling

Front 48

Metaphor

Back 48

Comparison that states something is actually something else e.g. the witch asked for our homework

Front 49

Simile

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Comparison 'like' 'as' e.g. As fast as Barry Allen

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Synecdoche

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Metaphor that states something is only a small constituent part of itself e.g "A new set of wheels" (car) "He's behind bars" (Prison)

Front 51

Analogy

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Explaining something in terms of something else to help clarify/explain e.g. like how guys like to use football/baseball to explain stuff

Front 52

Allusion

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Refer to something indirectly or metaphorically e.g. "Gotta Zayn" reference to how Zayn left 1D- means you gotta leave

Front 53

Pathetic Fallacy

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Weather mirrors emotions and creates a mood

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Personification

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Giving non-human things human qualities e.g. roaring fire

Front 55

Extended Metaphor

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Metaphor continues throughout text with recurring references to compared item

Front 56

Symbolism

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Using figurative and metaphorical language, item or incident to represent other things e.g. the colour green could represent jealousy

Front 57

Lexis

Back 57

Better way of saying 'word'

Front 58

Field Specific Lexis/ Sociolect

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Language of certain area/group e.g. motor, oil, gas, engine are all car words

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Collocations

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Words that naturally go together e.g. fish and chips, salt and pepper, Sam and Dean etc

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Lexical Bundle

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Recurrent sequence of words or collection of them that naturally go together e.g. "I don't think..." "Would you mind..." "Once upon a time..."

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Semantics

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Meaning of words

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Synonym

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Alternative word choice that has same or similar meaning e.g. horror-fright

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Homophone

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Words that sound the same but aren't e.g. their, there and they're

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Homonym

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One word has multiple meaning e.g. volume- size or sound

Front 65

Archaism

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Words that have fallen out of use overtime e.g. thus, though, tis

Front 66

Juxtaposition

Back 66

Placing together of elements that contrast

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Antithesis

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Contrasting ideas

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Binary Opposites

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E.g. hot and cold, yes and no, in and out, up and down (thanks Katy)

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Oxymoron

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Contradictory words/phrases e.g peaceful war

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Phonological Features

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Any device used that relates to sound e.g. Alliteration, repetition etc

Front 71

Onomatopoeia

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When word is spelled as it sounds e.g. drip, BANG, creeeaaak

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Consonance

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Repetition of double consonants in middle of words e.g. I better buy more butter before I go and post these letters

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Assonance

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Repetition of vowel sounds

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Alliteration

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Occurrence of same letter/sound within series of multiple words in sentence e.g. hungry hippos

Front 75

Plot

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Structured cause + effect of incidents experienced by protagonist that makes story interesting

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Protagonist

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Character reader identifies with most and follow throughout story (hero/anti-hero)

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Exposition

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Parts of a story (usually early on) where writer gets across whole situation of character- who they are, where they from

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Anti-hero

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Protagonist who isn't always morally virtuous but has enough qualities to endear themselves to reader e.g. Damon Salvatore

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Antagonist

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Character who opposes the goals of protagonist

Front 80

Dialogue

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Presentation of a characters speech

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Monologue

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Type of poem/prolonged piece of drama where one 'character' delivers a speech that reveals their innermost feelings

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Dramatic Irony

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When audience is aware of something that characters are not, creating a dramatic effect

Front 83

Ambiguity

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When there can be more than one possible meanings or outcomes in a story, creating a sense of intrigue

Front 84

Anthropomorphism

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Animalistic characteristics

Front 85

Suspension of Disbelief

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Reader's ability to take for granted fantastical aspects of fiction in order to enjoy story

Front 86

Genre, Audience, Purpose

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Category who it's aimed at- the reason

Front 87

Foreshadowing

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Hinting at things that will happen later on

Front 88

Mimesis

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Mimicry e.g. story may mimic gasping of breath through short sharp sentences

Front 89

Pastiche

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Piece of art/writing that imitates form or genre to generate humour

Front 90

Satire

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Mockery of society

Front 91

Neologism

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Newly invented word e.g. shway

Front 92

Portmanteau

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Newly invented word created by merging two words together e.g. chillax