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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is technical meaning? Examples. |
- secondary meaning of a word (1. = basic meaning) - collar (Kragen <--> Schutzmantel) - branch (Zweig <--> Richtung) |
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Define engineering. |
- change for better - solve a technical problem |
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Define medicine |
- to heal a patient - to cure a disease - prevention of diseases |
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Traditional surgery. |
- better controll - cheeper - versatile - spontaneous decisions possible |
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Laser surgery. |
- less bleeding - higher precision - lower risk of infection (less pain) - less invasive - special training required - shorter hospitalization - on an outpatient basis - may have to be repeated |
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Achievements of medicine |
- (laser) surgery - drugs: antibiotics - hygiene - cell research - diagnosis: imaging - prosthetics |
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11 systems |
- cardiavascular system - respiratory system - lymphatic & immune system - digestive system - nervous system - muscular system - skeletal system - urinary system - reproductive system - endocrine system - integumentary system |
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4 types of bone (Where?) |
- short (hand, feet) - long (arm, legs) - flat (shoulder rib, blade) - irregular (vertebrae, facial) |
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Bone structure |
25 % H2O 25 % collagen --> felxibility 50 % mineral salts --> hardness |
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types of disease |
- Alzheimer's - AIDS - rheuma - Pest - Parkinson's - sepsis - diabetes |
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Difference anatomy / physiology? |
anatomy: how a body is build physiology: how it works |
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categorizations of disease |
- transmission - action within body - congenital - hereditary - population groups - location |
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3 tools to analyse data disease |
prevalence rate (already have) inciduce rate (new cases) mortality rate ( death rate) |
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How does a laser beam works? |
1. power source: tube flash on 2. energy (photons) in ruby crystall 3. atom absorbs photon - excited -emits new photon 4. photon at speed of light 5. new photon hits excited atom - emits 2 photons 6. reflected by mirror 7. partial mirror lets escape 8. escaping photons = laser beam |
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...carry blood from the heart? Blood returns to heart in ... ? |
arteries veins |
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Contraction of the heart? Relaxation of the heart? |
systole diastole |
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Difference: Blood in systemic arteries / in pulmonary artery? |
systemic arteries: blood is oxygenated |
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How much chambers, ventricles and atrias? |
4 chambers (Kammern), 2 (Vorhöfe) |
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History cardiac surgery |
- 1896 1. repaired stab wound - Dr. Dwight Harken: new technique - Bill Bigelow: body temperature - 1952 open-heart surgery - 1967 South Africa 1. transplantation - 1970 agains organ rejections |
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Disease caused by..? |
external factors internal factors |
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How can a disease attack the body? (action within body) |
inflammatory ( tissue destroyed) degenerative (no normal growth) neoplastic (abnormal growth) |
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Journey of a patient... |
1. admitted to A&E 2. X-Ray 3. gaining information, explain procedure 4. operation 5. vital signs controlled 6. physiotherapy |
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Examples for engineering |
biomedical engineering, chemical engineering, industrial engineering, civil engineering |
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Name some organs |
heart, brain, liver, stomach, spleen, kidney |
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Subjects of medicine |
- human anatomy - physiology - pharmacology - biochemistry - pathology - cytology - histology |
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name some blood vessels |
arteries, veins, capillaries, arterioles, aorta
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LASER - Abkürzung? |
L ight A mplification (by) S timulated E mission (of) R adiation
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Problems for organ transplantions? |
not enough donours, recever doesn't accept alien (tissue rejection) |
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components of blood |
red blood cells white blood cells plasma platelets |
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Difference red- and white blood cells? |
red: oxygen white: immune system |
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Function of blood? |
transport: oxygen, waste, CO2, nutrients; temperature |
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Definition of disease |
normal function isn't possible |
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Locations of diseases? |
cardiac, respiratory,
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Population groups diseases attack? |
maternal, prenatal, perinatal |
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care cycle |
diagnosis therapy magagement recovery prevention diagnosis |
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When to call emergency (acute) care? |
urgent + serious |
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Difference primary and palliative care? |
primary: basic care palliative: caring for dying people |
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Difference: out - and inpatient? |
inpatient: on ward (auf Station) outpatient: ambulance |
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How to image things? |
ultrasound x-ray MRI CT |
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MRI difference to others: |
no radiation (like X-Ray) more information (then CT) imaging ond any plane |
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ultrasound general |
high frequency sound waves not invasive |
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Preparing for MRI Scan: |
safety questionnaire, no metallic objects stay still ( 45 minutes) |
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Preparing ultrasound: |
gel (discomfort) 20 minutes - 1hour |
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Explain delivery room |
babys are born |
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Explain theatre |
surgery is done |
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Explain drip |
get main important things inside your body without eating or drinking |
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admitting a patient - opposite? |
patient is now inpatient get his important data
opposite: discharge |
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What is a plaster? |
to stabilize broken bones |
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What is recovery room? |
after operation patient wakes up there |
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Explain vascination. |
gem is given to patient cure is built in patient
if he gets real disease : immune |
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people working in hospital? |
doctor, nurse, caretaker, manager, radiologist, technician |
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What is a joint? |
a thing between two other things make patient move |
