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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A Poem is: |
1. A speech 2. An artful weave of words 3. Expresses a musical element |
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Three Types of Poetry |
Narrative Poetry: Tells a story in verse; Has plot and characters (like a story); May or may notbe lyrical; Usually dramatic Lyrical Poetry: All lyrics tosongs are lyrical poetry; Expresses the thoughts and feelings of single speaker; Usually in highly musical verse Free Verse: Defined by its lack of structure; No regular meter or rhyme; no set line length |
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Be able to compare/contrast Neoclassicism & Romanticism as applies to literature- |
Neoclassicism: Noble Simplicity, follow a canon of classical model, stresses order, accuracy, structure, restraint, self control, and reason. Nature here is defined as human nature. Romanticism: Seclusion, idealization of childhood, use of imagination, emphasis on emotion, passion, and feelings, individualistic, use of intuition, belief and faith in the senses, focus on memory. |
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Why are Rousseau and Locke important figures- |
Locke- Tabula Rasa: all humans are a blank slate upon which things are imprinted Rousseau- Social Contract Theory: No one is above the law, only the people have the right to rule themselves, things that happen to you as a child affect who you become as an adult |
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Against whom (or what) were Romantics rebelling? And WHY? |
Most romantics are rebelling against the Neoclassical age- in an age of restriction and self-control, most romantics are looking for an escape from the orders of day to day society. |
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Be able to define Romanticism as it applies to literature |
Romanticism in literature is a movement that arises out of the Enlightenment era that has an extreme emphasis on the senses, nature, seclusion, childhood, imagination, and individualism. |
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What is the canon? |
The canon is a standard against which something or someone is judged. The canon was a group of literary work that many prestigious writers were compared to. The cannon was filled with work written by white males (usually due to lack of privilege from others) that achieved a notable level of fame and stood the test of time. |
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Read and understand the 2 chapters (via classmates’ summaries) Metaphors posted on PL |
Look on PolyLearn
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Why is William Wordsworth an important Romantic poet? |
Historically he helped launch the movement by writing the Lyrical Ballads with Samuel Coleridge Taylor, the first recognized piece of Romantic literature. Being one of the first romantic writers allowed Wordsworth to determine key aspects of romanticism- most that are readily available in his work. |
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Why is Keats well-liked among young readers? |
Keats appeals to young writers firstly because he is a young man himself, secondly because he is a part of the second age of romantic literature (which feels a little more realistic than idealistic), and those two combine to form the third reason that young writers enjoy him more: he is more relatable than his contemporaries. |
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What are the characteristics of Romanticism and how is it exemplified in the variety of works we have examined? |
Seclusion: If I can be alone in nature, I could become my real self; Being alone with yourself in nature considered a good thing during that time (romantics) Idealization of Childhood Pastoral vs. Urban: More serene; Rolling hills, etc Power of imagination: Emphasis on emotions, feelings, and passions (over logic and reason) Faith in the senses rather than faith in reason The power of individualism Value of intuition Primitivism: Sublime Memory: Nostalgia as an agent; Memory is the gift that keeps giving How exemplified: Wordsworth is the consummate Romantic, in which he advocates for a natural isolation, an increased importance of childhood, faith in the senses, and an avid use of memory in writing. Shelley is more Gothic/Second Wave Romantic, but we still see the same characteristics as Victor learns the consequences of attempting something unnatural thus showing the reverence of nature. |
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Why were the 5 senses such controversial issues for all of these writers? |
Purpose of art or literature is not to represent reality but to access greater truths by “ a systematic derangement of the senses” - Arthur Rimbaugh
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Identify thematic threads apparent through Romantic literature |
(Romantics are) interested in things that resemble the strange, the fantastic, the supernatural 1. Seclusion- if I could get alone in nature I could become my real self2. Idealization of Childhood- forget about what something really is and just think of the positive aspects 3. Power of imagination- redemptive power, especially if you are thinking about something positive 4. Emphasis on emotions feeling or passion 5. Faith in the senses rather than reason 7. The power of individualism- the freedom to be yourself 8. The value of intuition- internal guide 9. Primitivism- exotic, sublime- so cool its scary, not tainted by civilization 10. Memory- nostalgia as an agent |
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What is the importance of imagination, individuality, childhood, and nature/nurture? |
Romantics appreciated all of them and felt that a person's most true self occurred when they were a child or in nature.
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What is meant by the sublime,and how does it appear (or not) in the various works? |
Sublime in romantic works refers to primitivism and the idea that something is so amazing/cool it’s scary.
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What is the difference between ideal and real in terms of Romanticism |
Ideal is the way things ought to be. Real is the way things are. |
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What are the functions of poetry? |
The function of great poetry is "to please, to move, and to transport." The three functions of poetry fuse into an aesthetic pleasure with moral elevation. However, the moral elevation far outweighs the aesthetic pleasure. The moral function consists first 'in the refinement of feelings', second, 'in the knowledge of Man, Nature, and Human life', and third, 'in the power that makes life richer and fuller.'
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What is the role of Nature (nature) in Romanticism? |
Romanticism and nature are connected because the artists and philosophers of the romantic period emphasized the glory and beauty of nature, and the power of the natural world. Some scholars of romanticism believe that the romanticists treated nature in an almost religious way.
Romantics believed that nature is not God nor is it a symbol for God, it is the primary access humans have to divinity |
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What are the many devices a poet might employ and how do they “work” ? |
A poet may use many sound devices to convey meaning and reinforce ideas. Accent: natural stresses of a poem Rhythm: design and accent of a poem Alliteration: two or more words beginning with the same letter (ex. Mickey Mouse) Assonance: two or more vowels with similar or same sounds Cacophony: harsh or unpleasant sounds in juxtaposition (ex. Crawling, sprawling, breaching spokes of stone) Dissonance: an extremely unpleasant sound, grinding of the ears, worse than cacophony Internal Rhyme: rhyme within poem lines Rhyme: final accented vowels have corresponding sounds Onomatopoeia: words that describe the sounds effect (ex. sizzle) Phonetic Symbolism: words that have slightly different connotation and definition, but become similar when associated (ex. Glare, glimmer, glitter) |
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What is synaesthesia? |
Synaesthesia is “cross-talk” between the senses, or describing something with a sense you wouldn’t usually. It is used in poetry to put emphasis on ideas and create a vivid experience rather than just a literal description. |
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How does Keats use synaesthesia? And Rimbaud--what about his use of it? |
Keats uses synesthesia to provide a fuller understanding of an object. Keats was a synesthete so he used the wrong sense to describe things. Synesthesia means joined sensation.
Rimbaud believed that synesthesia was not a colliding of senses but a complete combination, he called it phantasmagoria. |
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How does Keats poetry differ from that of previous poets? |
Keats was different than previous poets because he emphasized beauty in the ordinary. In other words whenever anything was a true representation of itself it is beautiful. He also really appreciated the Ode Structure of poetry.
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Who were Mary Wollstonecraft and William Godwin, and why were they important? |
Mary Wollstonecraft and William Godwin are Mary Shelley’s parents. Mary Wollstonecraft is considered the first feminist and wrote “A Vindication of the Rights of Women”. She died young and Mary Shelly was raised by her father, William Godwin, who was a journalist, philosopher and novelist that supported Mary Shelley’s education and career in writing. He remarried and Mary Shelley did not like her new stepmom, which affected her relationship with her father as well. |
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How is it that Frankenstein can be classified as a science fiction, horror, and Gothic novel? |
It was during the Romantic Period that Gothic literature was born. Traits of Gothic literature are dark and gloomy setting sand characters and situations that are fantastic, grotesque, wild, savage, mysterious, and often melodramatic. Two of the most famous Gothic novelists are Anne Radcliffe and Mary Shelley.Frankenstein. Frankenstein was the first novel in English to deal with the possibility that science will create a monster that can possibly destroy mankind: Mary Shelley did not with the story to be considered "supernatural." She made the main character a scientist and his scientific effort a focal point of the reader's attention.In mood the novel is a tale of terror, in plot, it's about a laboratory experiment gone terribly wrong. |
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What is the difference between the ideas in Romanticism and those espoused by the French Symbolist poets? |
The French Symbolists tried to create impressions of things whereas the Romantics were focused on describing the beauty of nature in eloquent detail. Also French Symbolists seem to focus on discovering and speaking to the true self inside of a person rather than appreciating and almost deifying nature.
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How did Charles Darwin influence the literary world? |
The description of the natural world changed from a reflection of the mind of God,to a reflection of the mind of man after Darwin's "Origins of Species" came out. Erasmus Darwin came up with theory and wrote poetry about it (Romanticism). Realism a result of Darwin's influence on society Darwin's Origin of Species is when realism started, depiction of the natural world changed from a reflection of the mind of God to a reflection of the mind of man. |
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Examine the literary techniques Mary Shelley employed in her novel (framing device, etc) |
Uses epistemology (the exchange of letters) to frame her novel. She then further removes herself from the story through a non linear story, and switching perspectives.
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What are the devices a poet might employ? |
Assonance, dissonance, alliteration, rhythm, cacophony...
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What is the dramatic curve? |
Exposition --> Conflict --> Climax --> Resolution --> Denouement (Tying up loose ends) |
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What is the difference b/w round and flat characters—and why should that matter? |
Flat Characters: Has only one prominent trait, such as greed or cruelty; are one-sided and less developed; tend to be minor characters who are stock characters,such as the stereotypical airhead, villain, class clown, etc.; like a paper doll, only two dimensional; only one or two key traits; support to main character; does not undergo any major change or growth Round Characters: Has three dimensional qualities of real people; lots of traits and complexities; encounters conflict; will change or grow; seem much more realistic; you get to know these characters Flat Character: has only one prominent trait, such as greed or cruelty; are one sided and less developed; tend to be minor characters, such as the stereotypical air head, villain, class clown, etc. Round Character: has many aspects to his or her personality; may have both a good side and a bad side; he or she may be unpredictable; more developed physically, mentally, and emotionally; are detailed enough to seem real; a well developed character (you feel like you know the character extremely well) |
