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69 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
follicle-stimulating hormone is produced by the
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anterior lobe of the pituitary gland
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vasopressin is produced by the
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posterior lobe of the pituitary gland
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aldosterone is produced by the
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adrenal cortex
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insulin is produced by the
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islet cells of the pancreas
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thyroxine is produced by the
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thyroid gland
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cortisol is produced by the
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adrenal cortex
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gonadotropic hormones (FSH and LH) are produced by the
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anterior lobe of the pituitary
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epinephrine is produced by the
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adrenal medulla
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oxytocin is produced by the
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posterior lobe of the pituitary gland
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prolactin is produced by the
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anterior lobe of the pituitary gland
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growth hormone is produced by the
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anterior lobe of the pituitary gland
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glucagon is produced by the
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islets of Langerhans in the pancreas
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adrenocorticotropic hormone is produced by the
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anterior lobe of the pituitary gland
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estradiol is produced by the
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ovaries
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progesterone is produced by the
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ovaries
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testosterone is produced by the
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testes
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melanocyte-stimulating hormone is produced by the
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anterior lobe of the pituitary gland
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another name for the anterior pituitary gland is the
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adenohypophysis
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another name for the posterior pituitary gland is the
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neurohypophysis
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Cushing syndrome is caused by ___secretion ¬of ___in the ___
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hypersecretion, cortisol, adrenal cortex; also tumor of the pituitary gland
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Graves disease is caused by ___secretion ¬of ___in the ___
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hypersecretion of thyroxine in the thyroid gland
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diabetes insipidus is caused by ___secretion ¬of ___in the ___
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hyposecretion of antidiuretic hormone (ADH) in the posterior pituitary gland
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acromegaly is caused by ___secretion ¬of ___in the ___
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hypersecretion of growth hormone in the anterior pituitary gland
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myxedema is caused by ___secretion ¬of ___in the ___
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hyposecretion of thyroxine in the thyroid
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osteitis fibrosa cystica is caused by ___secretion ¬of ___in the ___
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hypersecretion of parathyroid hormone in the parathyroid gland
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diabetes mellitus is caused by ___secretion ¬of ___in the ___
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hyposecretion of insulin in the pancreas
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Addison disease is caused by ___secretion ¬of ___in the ___
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hyposecretion of aldosterone and cortisol in the adrenal cortex
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gigantism is caused by ___secretion ¬of ___in the ___
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hypersecretion of growth hormone in the anterior pituitary gland
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endemic goiter is caused by ___secretion ¬of ___in the ___
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hyposecretion of thyroxine in the thyroid
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cretinism (lack of hormone to fetus) is caused by ___secretion ¬of ___in the ___
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hyposecretion of thyroxine in the thyroid of a pregnant woman, causing cretinism in the child if untreated
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pheochromocytoma is caused by ___secretion ¬of ___in the ___
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hypersecretion of catecholamines in the adrenal medulla (high blood pressure)
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abnormal condition (poison) of the thyroid gland
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thyrotoxicosis
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removal of the pancreas
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pancreatectomy
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condition of deficiency or underdevelopment of the sex organs
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hypogonadism
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pertaining to producing female (characteristics)
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estrogenic
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complex substances derived from cholesterol – hormones from the adrenal cortex and sex hormones
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steroids
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complex substances derived from an amino acid – examples are epinephrine (adrenaline) and norepinephrine (noradrenaline)
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catecholamines
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continuous contraction of muscles associated with low levels of parathyroid hormone
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tetany
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eyeballs that bulge outward – associated with hyperthyroidism
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exophthalmos
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steroid hormones from the adrenal cortex (outer region of the adrenal gland) that influence the metabolism of salts (minerals such as sodium and potassium)
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mineralocorticoids
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a state of equilibrium in the body with respect to function, fluids, and times
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homeostasis
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a substance that mimics the action of the sympathetic nerves – epinephrine (adrenaline) is an example
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sympathomimetic
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steroid hormones from the adrenal cortex that influence sugar metabolism in the body
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glucocorticoids
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catecholamine hormone from the adrenal medulla – adrenaline
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epinephrine
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animal starch – storage form of glucose
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glycogen
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male hormone – testosterone is an example
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androgen
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hormone secreted by the adrenal cortex – cortisol is an example
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corticosteroid
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hormone from the posterior lobe of the pituitary that stimulates contraction of the uterus during labor
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oxytocin
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major hormone from the thyroid gland – thyroxine (contains four iodine atoms)
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tetraiodothyronine
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abnormal secretion of androgens from the adrenal cortex produces masculine characteristics in a female
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adrenal virilism
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cancerous tumor of the thyroid gland
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thyroid carcinoma
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excessive hair on the body (result of excessive secretion of androgens)
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hirsutism
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enlargement of extremities (excessive secretion of growth hormone after puberty)
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acromegaly
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female hormone – an estrogen
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estradiol
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destruction of beta islets of Langerhans – insulin is not produced
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type 1 or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)
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destruction of nerves as a secondary complication of diabetes mellitus
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diabetic neuropathy
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abnormal condition seen in diabetes of high levels of ketones (acids) in the blood as a result of improper burning of fats – fats are burned because the cells do not have sugar
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ketoacidosis
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available as a result of lack of insulin or inability of insulin to act
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ketoacidosis
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too little sugar in the blood – this can occur if too much insulin is taken by a diabetic patient
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hypoglycemia
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insulin deficiency and resistance by target tissue to the action of insulin
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type 2 diabetes (non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus – NIDDM)
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destruction of blood vessels in the retina as a secondary complication of diabetes mellitus
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diabetic retinopathy
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unconsciousness due to high levels of sugar in the blood – water leaves cells to balance the large amounts of sugar in the blood, leading to cellular dehydration
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diabetic coma
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destruction of the kidneys as a secondary complication of diabetes mellitus
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diabetic nephropathy
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collection of fatty plaque in arteries which often effects diabetics
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atherosclerosis
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high level of sugar in the blood – insulin is unavailable or unable to transport sugar from the blood into the cells
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hyperglycemia
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with this test, a radioactive compound is given, and the thyroid gland is pictured using a scanning device
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thyroid scan
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measurement of blood sugar levels in a fasting patient and after intervals of 0 minutes and 1, 2, and 3 hours following ingestion of glucose (glucose load)
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fasting blood sugar
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a test where hormone levels are measured by using antibodies, non-radioactively labeled hormone, and radioactively labeled hormone
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radioimmunoassay (RIA)
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measurement of eyeball protrusion (symptom of Graves disease)
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exophthalmometry
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