Emt Intermediate Vascular Access And Rx Admin

Front 1

List Four Indications for Vascular Access

Back 1

Fluid or blood administration.
Medication administration.
Blood sampling.
Precautionary in a patient at risk of rapid deterioration.

Front 2

Peripheral venous access

Back 2

Access into peripheral veins of the arms, legs, or the external jugular vein

Front 3

List at least three examples of colloids

Back 3

Plasma protein fraction (Plasmanate)
Salt-poor albumin
Dextran
Hetastarch (Hespan)

Front 4

Colloids

Back 4

IV solutions containing large proteins. These remain in the vascular space for a longer time than crystalloids.

Front 5

Why are colloids not typically used in the field?

Back 5

Cost
Short shelf life
Special storage requirements

Front 6

Crystalloids

Back 6

IV solutions that contain electrolytes but lack larger proteins contained in colloids.

Front 7

Isotonic

Back 7

solutions on opposite side of a semi-permeable membrane are equal in concentration.

Front 8

Hypertonic

Back 8

State in which there is a higher solute concentration on one side of a semipermeable membrane than on the other side.

Front 9

Hypotonic

Back 9

State in which there is a lower solute concentration on one side of a semipermeable membrane than on the other side.

Front 10

Lactated ringer's and Normal saline are considered ________________
(Isotonic, Hypertonic, or Hypotonic) compared to blood.

Back 10

Isotonic

Front 11

D5W is considered ________________ (Isotonic, Hypertonic, or Hypotonic) compared to blood.

Back 11

Hypotonic

Front 12

List at least four items that must be checked when inspecting drugs and IV solution.

Back 12

Clarity--no particles should be visible.
Color--no discoloration should be present.
Packaging--should be intact and undamaged.
Expiration date.

Front 13

Microdrop tubing administers ____ gtts/mL

Back 13

60

60drops= 1 mL

Front 14

A venous constriction band should never be left on longer than _____ minutes.

Back 14

2 minutes

Front 15

Large gauge catheters are defined as all catheters ______ gauge or larger.

Back 15

18 gauge

Front 16

The larger the gauge number, the ____________ (larger, smaller) the catheter.

Back 16

smaller

Front 17

A cannula gauge of ______ or larger is required for blood administration.

Back 17

16 gauge or larger

Front 18

The most common factor affecting IV flow rates is:

Back 18

Failure to remove the IV constricting band.

Front 19

Extravasation

Back 19

Leakage of fluid or medications from a blood vessel.

Front 20

Infiltration

Back 20

Accumulation within the body tissues of blood and fluid that has escaped from a blood vessel.

Front 21

List 12 complications of peripheral IV access.

Back 21

Pain
Allergic reaction
Pyrogenic reaction
Infection
Catheter shear
Inadvertent arterial puncture
Circulatory overload
Thrombophlebitis
Thrombus formation
Air embolism
Necrosis
Anticoagulants increase the risk of hematoma or infiltration.

Front 22

Hemoconcentration

Back 22

Elevated number of red and white blood cells. Can be caused by leaving a constricting band on too long.

Front 23

Hemolysis

Back 23

Destruction of red blood cells. can be caused by vigorous shaking of blood tubes or using too small a catheter for blood draws.

Front 24

List four contraindications to the use of intraosseous fluid administration.

Back 24

Use of the IO is for unstable patients only.
Osteoporosis or osteogenesis imperfecta.
Fracture of the extremity.
Recent use of the site for IO.
Insertion through cellulitis, burns, or infection should be avoided.

Front 25

Name the Six rights of Medication Administration

Back 25

right person
Right drug
Right dose
Right route
Right time
Right documentation

Front 26

Asepsis

Back 26

the absence of pathogens

Front 27

Local

Back 27

limited to one area of the body

Front 28

Systemic

Back 28

throughout the body

Front 29

Sterile

Back 29

free of all microbial life

Front 30

Medically clean

Back 30

carefully handled to prevent contamination

Front 31

Disinfectant

Back 31

cleansing agent that is toxic to human tissue

Front 32

Antiseptic

Back 32

Cleansing agent that is not toxic to living tissue

Front 33

Parenteral medication administration

Back 33

outside the GI tract

Front 34

Sublingual

Back 34

under the tongue

Front 35

Diffusion

Back 35

movement of a solute (particle) from areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration across a semi-permeable membrane

Front 36

Osmosis

Back 36

Movement of water across a semi-permeable membrane from areas of lower solute concentration to areas of higher solute concentration.

Front 37

Filtration

Back 37

Movement of molecules across a membrane from a areas of higher pressure to areas of lower pressure.

Front 38

milli-

Back 38

1/1,000

Front 39

micro-

Back 39

1/1,000,000

Front 40

1 kilogram = ________ pounds

Back 40

2.2 pounds

Front 41

37 degrees celcius = ________ degrees fahrenheit

Back 41

98.6

Front 42

The formula to convert celcius to fahrenheit is:

Back 42

Celcius = 5/9 (Fahrenheit-32)

Front 43

The formula to convert fahrenheit to celcius is:

Back 43

Fahrenheit = 9/5 Celsius +32

Front 44

The mechanism of action for albuterol is:

Back 44

B2 selective agonist

Front 45

The major precaution for the administration of albuterol is:

Back 45

cardiac ischemia

Front 46

When possible, before administering albuterol, you should measure the patients:

Back 46

peak flow

Front 47

Name two major precautions for nitroglycerin.

Back 47

Recent use of sildenafil, (Viagara) or Cialis.
Hypotension