Emt Chapter 13 Respiratory Emergencies

Front 1

A pathologic condition that results from the accumulation of acids in the body.

Back 1

acidosis

Front 2

Abnormal breath sounds such as wheezes, rhonchi, and rales.

Back 2

adventitious breath sounds

Front 3

The buildup of excess base (lack of acids) in the body fluids.

Back 3

alkalosis

Front 4

A substance that causes an allergic reaction.

Back 4

allergen

Front 5

An extreme, life-threatening systemic allergic reaction that may include shock and respiratory failure

Back 5

anaphylaxis (anaphylactic shock)

Front 6

An acute spasm of the smaller air passages, called bronchioles, associated with excessive mucus production and with swelling of the mucous lining of the respiratory passages.

Back 6

asthma

Front 7

Collapse of the alveolar air spaces of the lungs.

Back 7

atelectasis

Front 8

Normal breath sounds made by air moving through the bronchi.

Back 8

bronchial breath sounds

Front 9

Inflammation of the bronchioles that usually occurs in children younger than 2 years and is often caused by the respiratory syncytial virus.

Back 9

bronchiolitis

Front 10

An acute or chronic inflammation of the lung that may damage lung tissue; usually associated with cough and production of sputum and, depending on its cause, sometimes fever.

Back 10

bronchitis

Front 11

A condition characterized by a chronically high blood level of carbon dioxide in which the respiratory center no longer responds to high blood levels of carbon dioxide.

Back 11

carbon dioxide retention

Front 12

An odorless, highly poisonous gas that results from incomplete oxidation of carbon in combustion.

Back 12

carbon monoxide

Front 13

Irritation of the major lung passageways from infectious disease or irritants such as smoke.

Back 13

chronic bronchitis

Front 14

A slow process of dilation and disruption of the airways and alveoli caused by chronic bronchial obstruction.

Back 14

chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)

Front 15

A viral infection usually associated with swollen nasal mucous membranes and the production of fluid from the sinuses and nose.

Back 15

common cold

Front 16

An inflammatory disease of the upper respiratory system that may cause a partial airway obstruction and is characterized by a barking cough; usually seen in children.
diphtheria

Back 16

croup

Front 17

Shortness of breath or difficulty breathing.

Back 17

dyspnea

Front 18

A blood clot or other substance in the circulatory system that travels to a blood vessel where it causes a blockage.

Back 18

embolus

Front 19

A disease of the lungs in which there is extreme dilation and eventual destruction of the pulmonary alveoli with poor exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide; it is one form of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Back 19

emphysema

Front 20

Occurs when new cases of a disease occur in a human population and substantially exceed what is "expected," based on recent experience.

Back 20

epidemic

Front 21

A disease in which the epiglottis becomes inflamed and enlarged and may cause an upper airway obstruction.

Back 21

epiglottitis

Front 22

An allergic response usually to outdoor airborne allergens such as pollen or sometimes indoor allergens such as dust mites or pet dander; also called allergic rhinitis.

Back 22

hay fever

Front 23

Rapid or deep breathing that lowers the blood carbon dioxide level below normal.

Back 23

hyperventilation

Front 24

This syndrome occurs in the absence of other physical problems. The respirations of a person who is experiencing hyperventilation syndrome may be as high as 40 shallow breaths/min or as low as only 20 very deep breaths/min.

Back 24

hyperventilation syndrome (panic attack)

Front 25

A dangerous condition in which the body tissues and cells do not have enough oxygen.

Back 25

hypoxia

Front 26

A "backup system" to control respiration; senses drops in the oxygen level in the blood.

Back 26

hypoxic drive

Front 27

A Virus that has crossed the animal/human barrier and has infected humans, recently reaching a pandemic level with the H1N1 strain.

Back 27

influenza type

Front 28

An inflammation of the meningeal coverings of the brain and spinal cord; can be highly contagious.

Back 28

meningococcal meningitis

Front 29

A miniature spray canister used to direct medications through the mouth and into the lungs.

Back 29

metered-dose inhaler (MDI)

Front 30

A bacterium that causes infections in different parts of the body and is often resistant to commonly used antibiotics; can be found on the skin, in surgical wounds, in the bloodstream, lungs, and urinary tract.

Back 30

methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)

Front 31

The process of delivering oxygen to the blood by diffusion from the alveoli following inhalation into the lungs.

Back 31

oxygenation

Front 32

An outbreak that occurs on a global scale.

Back 32

pandemic

Front 33

An airborne bacterial infection that affects mostly children younger than 6 years. Patients will be feverish and exhibit a "whoop" sound on inspiration after a coughing attack; highly contagious through droplet infection.

Back 33

pertussis (whooping cough)

Front 34

A collection of fluid between the lung and chest wall that may compress the lung.

Back 34

pleural effusion

Front 35

Sharp, stabbing pain in the chest that is worsened by a deep breath or other chest wall movement; often caused by inflammation or irritation of the pleura.

Back 35

pleuritic chest pain

Front 36

An inflammation/infection of the lung from a bacterial, viral, or fungal cause.

Back 36

pneumonia

Front 37

Inflammation of the lung.

Back 37

pneumonitis

Front 38

A partial or complete accumulation of air in the pleural space.

Back 38

pneumothorax

Front 39

A buildup of fluid in the lungs, usually as a result of congestive heart failure.

Back 39

pulmonary edema

Front 40

A blood clot that breaks off from a large vein and travels to the blood vessels of the lung, causing obstruction of blood flow.

Back 40

pulmonary embolism

Front 41

A crackling, rattling breath sound that signals fluid in the air spaces of the lungs; also called crackles.

Back 41

rales

Front 42

The process of exchanging oxygen and carbon dioxide.

Back 42

respiration

Front 43

A virus that causes an infection of the lungs and breathing passages; can lead to other serious illnesses that affect the lungs or heart, such as bronchiolitis and pneumonia. RSV is highly contagious and spread through droplets.

Back 43

respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

Front 44

Coarse, low-pitched breath sounds heard in patients with chronic mucus in the upper airways.

Back 44

rhonchi

Front 45

Potentially life-threatening viral infection that usually starts with flulike symptoms.

Back 45

severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)

Front 46

A respiratory device that holds liquid medicine that is turned into a fine mist. The patient inhales the medication into the airways and lungs as a treatment for conditions like asthma.

Back 46

small-volume nebulizer

Front 47

A high-pitched noise heard primarily on inspiration.

Back 47

stridor

Front 48

A chronic bacterial disease, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, that usually affects the lungs but can also affect other organs such as the brain and kidneys.

Back 48

tuberculosis (TB)

Front 49

Normal breath sounds made by air moving in and out of the alveoli.

Back 49

vesicular breath sounds

Front 50

The production of whistling sounds during expiration such as occurs in asthma and bronchiolitis.

Back 50

wheezing