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52 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
Advanced Life Support (ALS)
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advanced lifesaving procedures
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Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
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legislation designed to protect individuals with disabilities against discrimination
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Health Insurance Portability & Accountability Act (HIPAA)
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federal legislation limiting availability of patients' health care info and penalizing violations of patient privacy
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Medical Director
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the physician who authorizes or delegates to the EMT the authority to provide medical care in the field
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Medical Control
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physician instructions that are given directly by radio or cell phone (online/direct) or indirectly by protocol/guidelines (off-line/indirect), as authorized by the medical director of the service program
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The Grieving Process
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1.Denial
2.Anger 3.Bargaining 4.Depression 5.Acceptance |
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Body Substance Isolation (BSI)
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an infection control concept and practice that assumes that all body fluids are potentially infectious
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Critical Incident Stress Debriefing (CISD)
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a confidential peer group discussion of a severely stressful incident, usually occurring within 24 to 72 hours of the incident
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Duty to Act
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you cannot deny care to a patient who you suspect has a communicable disease, even if you believe that the patient poses a risk to your safety
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Toxicity Levels of Hazardous Materials
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0-Little to no hazard-No protection needed
1-Slightly Hazardous-Level C Suit 2-Slightly Hazardous-Level C Suit 3-Extremely Hazardous-Level A or B Suit 4-Minimal Exposure Causes Death-Level A Suit |
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standard of care
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the manner in which you must act or behave
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duty to act
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an individual's responsibility to provide patient care
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negligence
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the failure to provide the same care care that a person with similar training would provide
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abandonnment
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the unilateral termination of care by the EMT without the patient's consent and without making any provisions for continuing care by a medical professional with skills at the same or higher level
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expressed consent
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when the patient speaks or acknowledges that he/she wants you to provide care or transport
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implied consent
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when patient is unconscious, delusional, unresponsive, or otherwise physically unable to give expressed consent
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assault
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unlawfully placing a person in fear of immediate bodily harm
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battery
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unlawfully touching a person (including providing emergency care without consent)
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competent
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patient able to make rational decisions about his/her well-being
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advance directive
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a document that specifies medical care that a person would like to have administered should he/she become unable to make medical decisions
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DNR orders
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give you permission not to attempt resuscitation
*must be signed by patient or legal guardian and at least 1 doctor |
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Definitive Signs of Death
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-obvious mortal damage
-dependent lividity (blood settling to the lowest point of the body, causing discoloration of the skin) -rigor mortis -putrefaction (decomposition of body tissues) |
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Anterior/Posterior
Lateral/Medial Superior/Inferior |
Front/Back
Toward the outside/Toward the inside, middle Closer to the head, higher/Farther from the head, lower |
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Proximal/Distal
Dorsal/Ventral Palmar/Plantar |
Closer to the midline/Further from the midline
Toward the spine/Toward the superficial abdomen The front region of the head/The bottom of the foot |
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Flexion/Extension
Adduction/Abduction |
The ending of a joint/The straightening of a joint
Motion toward the midline/Motion away from the midline |
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Prone Position
Supine Position |
The body in lying face down
The body is lying face up |
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Fowler's Position
Trendelenburg Position Shock Position (Modified Trandelenburg) |
A patient sitting up with knees bent
Body lying supine on backboard with feet 6"-12" above the head Trunk and head of body lie flat, lower extremities elevated 6"-12" |
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Spine
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Cervical--first 7 vertebrae
Thoracic--next 12 vertebrae Lumbar--next 5 vertebrae Sacrum--next 5 vertebrae Coccyx--last 4 vertebrae (tailbone) |
Names of Regions
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Normal Respiration Rates
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Adults: 10-20 breaths/min
Children: 15-30 breaths/min Infants: 25-50 breaths/min |
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Signs of Inadequate Breathing
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-muscle retractions above the clavicles, btwn the ribs, and below the rib cage, especially in children
-pale or cyanotic (blue) skin -cool, damp (clammy) skin -tripod position |
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Normal Heart Rates
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Adults: 60-100 bpm
Children: 70-150 bpm Infants: 100-160 bpm |
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autonomic nervous system
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the part of the nervous system that regulates functions, such as digestion and sweating, that are not controlled voluntarily
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somatic nervous system
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the part of the nervous system that regulates activities over which there's voluntary control
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central nervous system (CNS)
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the brain and spinal cord
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peripheral nervous system (PNS)
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part of nervous system that consists of 31 pairs of spinal nerves and 12 pairs of cranial nerves
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hypoxic drive
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a backup system to control respiration; senses drops in the oxygen level in the blood
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perfusion
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the circulation of oxygenated blood within an organ or tissue in adequate amounts to meet the cells' current needs
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chief complaint
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the reason the patient called for help
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symptoms
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the problems or feelings the patient reports to you
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signs
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objective conditions that can be seen, heard, felt, smelled, or measured by others
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SAMPLE history
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S-Signs/Symptoms
A-Allergies M-Medications P-Pertinent Past History L-Last Oral Intake E-Events Leading to Injury or Illness |
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OPQRST
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O-Onset
P-Provocation Q-Quality (sharp, dull, crushing) R-Radiation/Region S-Severity (scale of 1 to 10) T-Time |
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Vital Signs
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-respirations
-pulse -blood pressure -skin temp and condition -capillary refill -pupils -level of consciousness (LOC) |
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tachycardia
bradycardia |
pulse rate > 100 bpm
pulse rate < 60 bpm |
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cyanosis
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a bluish-gray skin color that is caused by reduced levels of oxygen in the blood
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jaundice
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a yellow skin or sclera (white of the eye) color that is caused by liver disease or dysfunction
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diaphoretic
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skin condition characterized by profuse sweating
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systolic bp
diastolic bp |
represents the max pressure to which the arteries are subjected
represents the minimum amt of pressure that is always present in the arteries |
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hypotension
hypertension |
when bp is lower than normal range
when bp is higher than normal range |
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Nomal BP
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Adults: 90-140 (systolic)
Children: 80-110 (systolic) Infants: 50-95 (systolic) |
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Level of Consciousness (LOC)
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A-Awake and Alert
V-Responsive to Verbal Stimuli P-Responsive to Painful Stimuli U-Unresponsive |
mneumonic
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Pupils
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P-Pupils
E-Equal R-Round R-Reactive L-Light A-Accomodation |
mneumonic
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