Emt Ch 13 Patient Assessment

Front 1

a force that impacts or is applied to the body but is not sharp enough to penetrate it

Back 1

blunt trauma

Front 2

bringing the patient's head into a neutral position in which teh nose is lined up with the naval and holding it there manually

Back 2

in-line stabilization

Front 3

AVPU mnemonic for assessment of mental status

Back 3

A - Alert
V - responds to Verbal stimulus
P - responds to Painful stimulus
U - Unresponsive

Front 4

a force that impacts or is applied to the body but is not sharp enough to penetrate it

Back 4

blunt trauma

Front 5

bringing the patient's head into a neutral position in which teh nose is lined up with the naval and holding it there manually

Back 5

in-line stabilization

Front 6

AVPU mnemonic for assessment of mental status

Back 6

A - Alert
V - responds to Verbal stimulus
P - responds to Painful stimulus
U - Unresponsive

Front 7

back arched, arms flexed inward toward the chest

Back 7

flexion posturing or decorticate posturing

Front 8

back arched, arms extended straight out parallel to the body

Back 8

extension posturing

Front 9

closed or blocked; not patent

Back 9

occluded (as in occluded airway)

Front 10

open, not blocked

Back 10

patent (as in patent airway)

Front 11

a respiratory rate that is too fast

Back 11

tachypnea

Front 12

absence of breathing; respiratory arrest

Back 12

apnea

Front 13

shortness of breath or perceived difficulty in breathing

Back 13

dyspnea

Front 14

List 4 things to include when checking circulation

Back 14

1 - pulse
2 - possible major bleeding
3 - skin color, temp and condition
4 - capillary refill

Front 15

What to do for:
obvious blood, vomitus, secretions or other obstructions to the airway

Back 15

immediately suction or clear the obstruction

Front 16

What to do for:
obvious open wound to the anterior, lateral or posterior chest

Back 16

immediately cover the open wound with a nonporous or occlusive dressing

Front 17

What to do for:
paradoxical movement of the chest

Back 17

stabilize the segment with your hand or provide bag-valve-mask ventilation if necessary

Front 18

What to do for:
major bleeding that is spurting or flowing steadily

Back 18

apply direct pressure to the site of bleeding

Front 19

What to do for:
mechanism of injury that might produce spinal injury

Back 19

establish and hold manual in-line stabiliation of the head and neck

Front 20

What to do for:
altered mental status to include a patient who is confused, responds only to verbal or painful stimuli, or one who does not respond

Back 20

closely assess airway and breathing status and administer high-concentration oxygen

Front 21

What to do for:
airway occluded from the tongue (sonorous sounds)

Back 21

immediately perform a held-tilt, chin-lift or jaw-thrust maneuver if a spine injury is suspected

Front 22

What to do for:
inadequate respiratory rate (too slow or too fast, with other signs of inadequate breathing)

Back 22

immediately begin positive pressure ventilation wtih supplemental oxygen connected to the ventilation devise

Front 23

What to do for:
inadequate tidal volume (shallow breathing or poor chest rise)

Back 23

immediately begin positive pressure ventilation with supplemental oxygen connected to the ventiation device

Front 24

What to do for:
rapid and weak pulses

Back 24

apply a nonbreather mask at 115 lpm

Front 25

What to do for:
carotid pulse present, but absent peripheral pulses

Back 25

apply a nonbreather mask at 15 lpm

Front 26

What to do for:
pale,cool, clammy skin

Back 26

apply a nonbreather mask at 15 lpm

Front 27

What to do for:
capillary refill greater than 2 seconds with other signs of poor perfusion

Back 27

apply a nonbreather mask at 15 lpm

Front 28

What to do for:
absent carotid pulse in the adult or child; absent brachial pulse in the infant

Back 28

immediately begin CPR, apply AED if older than 1 year and cardiac arrest is nto due to trauma (injury)

Front 29

a clear fluid that surrounds and cushions the brain and spinal cord

Back 29

CSF - cerebrospinal fluid

Front 30

How do you check for facial symmetry?

Back 30

Have the patient grin

Front 31

a section of the chest that moves in the opposite direction to the rest of the chest during the phases of respiration

Back 31

paradoxical movement

Front 32

a protrusion, or pushing, of a portion of the brain through the cranial wall

Back 32

brain herniation

Front 33

breathing a foreign substance into the lungs

Back 33

aspiration

Front 34

What to do if:
jugular venous distention with a patient at a 45 degree angle or excessively engorged jugular veins

Back 34

rapid transport
consider ALS intercept
establish airway
begin PPV is inadequate respiratory rate

Front 35

What to do if:
tracheal deviation

Back 35

rapid transport
consider ALS intercept
establish airway
begin PPL if inadequate respiratory rate

Front 36

shortness of breath while lying flat

Back 36

orthopnea

Front 37

Crowing and stridor are both commonly associated iwith ____________

Back 37

swelling or muscle spasms of the airway

Front 38

In assessing the circulation of an infant less than 1 year of age, which pulse do you check?

Back 38

brachial pulse

Front 39

The appropriate sequence for checking circulation during the primary assessment

Back 39

-palpate for a pulse
-check for major bleeding
-assess skin signs
-determine capillary refill time

Front 40

Pale skin typically indicates _____________

Back 40

a decrease in perfusion and the onset of shock

Front 41

Cool and clammy (moist) skin is often related to________________

Back 41

blood loss or decreased perfusion

Front 42

What is a quick method to check peripheral perfusion related to shock?

Back 42

Capillary refill

Front 43

At what locations do you check for capillary refill?

Back 43

nail beds
fleshy part of the palm
forehead
cheeks

Front 44

A trauma patient presents with pale, cool, clammy skin and an altered level of consciousness. You should assume___________

Back 44

Shock

Front 45

What should you consider doing whenever a patient's aireway is compromised?

Back 45

Calling for advanced life support

Front 46

What do you do when caring for a patient with blunt injury to the head whose mental status is deteriorating as you continue the exam?

Back 46

Hyperventilate the patient at a rate of 20 ventilations per minute

Front 47

What does clear fluid leaking from the ears indicate?

Back 47

a possible skull fracture

Front 48

A large puncture wound to the neck is immediately sealed with occlusive dressing to prevent ______________

Back 48

an air embolus

Front 49

When caring for a critical patient with distal extremity factures, when should splinting be done?

Back 49

While transporting patient to the hospital

Front 50

Excessive peripheral edema could be an indication of ____________

Back 50

congestive heart failure

Front 51

When assissing the chest, inspect it for adequate rise and fall, and auscultate breath sounds at what location?

Back 51

midclavicular line and at the 4th or 5th intercostal space, midaxillary line