Emt-B Chapter 30

Front 1

anterograde amnesia

Back 1

Inability to remember events after an injury

Front 2

Autonomic nervous system

Back 2

The part of the nervous system regulates functions that are not controlled by the conscious will, such as digestion and sweating

Front 3

Battle's sign

Back 3

Bruising behind the ear over the mastoid process that may indicate skull fracture

Front 4

Brainstem

Back 4

The part of the central nervous system that controls virtually all functions that are necessary for life, including the cardiac and respiratory systems

Front 5

Central nervous system

Back 5

The brain and spinal cord

Front 6

Cerebellum

Back 6

Part of the brain coordinates body movements

Front 7

Cerebrum

Back 7

Largest part of the brain, containing about 75% of the brain's total volume

Front 8

Closed head injury

Back 8

Injury in which the brain has been injured but the skin has not been broken and there is no obvious bleeding

Front 9

Concussion

Back 9

A temporary loss or alteration of part or all of the brain's abilities to function without actual physical damage to the brain

Front 10

Connecting nerves

Back 10

Nerves in the spinal cord to connect the motor and sensory nerves

Front 11

Distraction

Back 11

The action of pulling the spine along its length

Front 12

Eyes-forward position

Back 12

A head position in which the patient's eyes are looking straight ahead and head and torso are in line

Front 13

Four-person log roll

Back 13

The recommended procedure for moving a patient with suspected spinal injury from the ground into a long backboard

Front 14

Glasgow Coma Scale

Back 14

A method of evaluating level of consciousness that uses a scoring system for neurologic responses to specific stimuli.

Front 15

intervertebral disk

Back 15

the cushion that lies between two vertebrae

Front 16

involuntary activities

Back 16

the actions that we do not consciously control

Front 17

meninges

Back 17

Three distinct layers of tissue that surround and protect the brain and the spinal cord within the skull and the spinal canal.

Front 18

Motor nerves

Back 18

Nerves that carry information from the central nervous system to the muscles of the body

Front 19

open head injury

Back 19

injury to the head often caused by a penetrating object in which there may be bleeding and exposed brain tissue

Front 20

peripheral nervous system

Back 20

the 31 pairs of spinal nerves and 12 pairs of cranial nerves that link the body to the CNS

Front 21

raccoon eyes

Back 21

bruising under the eyes that may indicate skull fractures

Front 22

retrograde amnesia

Back 22

the inability to remember events leading up to a head injury

Front 23

sensory nerves

Back 23

Nerves that transmit sensory inputs such as touch, taste, heat, cold, and pain, from the periphery to the central nervous system.

Front 24

somatic nervous system

Back 24

The part of the nervous system that regulates our voluntary activities, such as walking, talking, and writing.

Front 25

voluntary activities

Back 25

Actions we consciously perform, in which sensory input or conscious thought determine a specific muscular activity.

Front 26

cerebral edema

Back 26

brain swelling

Front 27

What are the three layers of meninges?

Back 27

The dura matur, the arachnoid, and Pia matur

Front 28

What pressures are considered hypertensive emergency

Back 28

Over 150 systolic

Front 29

Damage to what vertebrae will cause quadraparalysis?

Back 29

C 5-6

Front 30

Damage to what vertebrae will cause paraparalysis?

Back 30

L1

Front 31

Above what value should pulse oximeter values be maintained

Back 31

95%

Front 32

What are the parts of Cushing's triad

Back 32

Blood pressure up, pulse down, irregular respirations

Front 33

What type of intracranial hematoma is beneath the dura but outside the brain

Back 33

A subdural hematoma

Front 34

What type of intracranial hematoma is within the substance of the brain tissue itself

Back 34

An inter-cerebral hemorrhage

Front 35

What type of intracranial hematoma is outside the dura and under the skull

Back 35

An epidural hematoma

Front 36

Above which vertebra will spinal damage caused diaphragm to stop contracting

Back 36

C3

Front 37

How many bones in the spinal column

Back 37

33

Front 38

What is the name of the only joint in the skull

Back 38

Temporomandibular joint

Front 39

Name the six bones of the face

Back 39

Mandible; the two maxilla; the two zygoma; and the nasal bone

Front 40

Name the bones of the cranium

Back 40

Frontal bone; parietal bone; temporal bone; occipital bone

Front 41

What is the bone that juts out just behind the ear canal

Back 41

The mastoid process

Front 42

What is the sympathetic nervous system

Back 42

It reacts to the stress would fight-or-flight response. This response causes the pupils to dilate smooth muscles in the lungs to dilate, heart rate to increase, blood pressure to rise, and also causes the body to shunt blood to vital organs into skeletal muscle

Front 43

What is the parasympathetic nervous system

Back 43

Has the opposite effect of the sympathetic nervous system; causing blood vessels to dilate, slowing the heart rate, relaxing the muscle sphincters. The body also shunts blood to the organs of digestion.

Front 44

What makes up the inside of the cranium

Back 44

80% brain; 10% blood supply; and 10% cerebrospinal fluid

Front 45

What's at the bottom of the skull that allows the spinal column to pass through it

Back 45

foramen magnum