Emotion And Cognition Chapter 8

Front 1

amygdala

Back 1

brain structure more or less
specialized for processing emotional stimuli. a small, almond-shaped structure in the medial temporal lobe just anterior to the hippocampus

Front 2

emotion

Back 2

the mental and physical processes that include aspects of subjective experience, evaluation and appraisal, motivation, and bodily responses such as arousal and facial expression.

Front 3

mood

Back 3

used to refer to a diffuse affective state that is most pronounced as a change in subjective feeling. generally affective states of low intensity but relatively long duration

Front 4

attitudes

Back 4

relatively enduring, affectively colored beliefs, preferences, and predispositions toward objects or persons, such as like, love, hate, or desire for a person or object.

Front 5

motivation

Back 5

the propensity to action that is a component of some affective responses.

Front 6

ekman six basic emotions

Back 6

anger, disgust, fear, happiness, sadness, and surprise

Front 7

arousal

Back 7

bodily changes that occur in emotion, such as changes in heart rate, sweating, and the release of stress hormones in response to a stimulus

Front 8

valence

Back 8

the subjective quality, positive or negative, of the emotional response to a specific object or event

Front 9

circumplex model of emotion

Back 9

“arousal” on one axis and “valence” on
the other. “arousal” refers to both the
strength of the response to a stimulus and to activation, that is, the mobilization of resources. “valence” (or “evaluation”) reflects the degree to which the experience is
pleasant or unpleasant.

Front 10

approach-withdrawal model of emotions

Back 10

emotional model which characterizes the component of an emotional reaction that is the propensity to action—that is, motivation—as either a tendency to approach the object, event, or situation or to withdraw from it.

Front 11

mood induction

Back 11

focuses on changing the baseline state reported by the participants on arriving at the laboratory. typical
means are to show the participant affective film clips (hilariously funny or grim and despairing, depending on the change sought by the experimenter), to play music (again, upbeat or solemn), or to ask the participant to focus on affective situations, real or imagined, that result in either positive or negative mood states

Front 12

emotion changing

Back 12

use emotionally evocative stimuli. typical stimuli used to elicit emotional responses in participants are pictures of faces with different emotional expressions; pictures of emotional scenes such as an appealing baby or the very unappealing muzzle of a revolver

Front 13

psychophysiology

Back 13

a form of indirect emotional evaluation, the study of the relationship between mental states and physiological responses.

Front 14

skin conductance response (SCR)

Back 14

an indication of autonomic nervous system arousal. even a subtle emotional stimulus can produce a response from the sweat glands (controlled by the autonomic nervous system).

Front 15

emotional learning

Back 15

learning, one way or another (and not always on the basis of fact), that people, places, and things are not all neutral but often acquire some kind of value.

Front 16

amygdala & memory formation

Back 16

used in formation of long lasting emotional memories. mediates the hippocampus which is involved in long term memory storage. amygdala damage leads to poorer memory of emotional events

Front 17

glucocorticoids

Back 17

stress hormones. certain levels increase memory of emtional events, too much degrades memory and can even lead to hippocampal atrophy

Front 18

mood-congruent memory effects

Back 18

remembering things that are congruent with your current mood. if you are happy, recall happy events. if you are sad, recall sad ones.

Front 19

flashbulb memory

Back 19

memory for surprising and consequential events; reflects the vivid and detailed nature of the recollections reported.

Front 20

affective primacy hypothesis

Back 20

proposes that emotional stimuli are processed relatively automatically, making fewer demands on limited cognitive resources than do other types of stimuli.