Emergency Care And Transport Of The Sick And Injured, Ninth Edition, Chapter 8: Patient Assesment

Front 1

SAMPLE (letters)

Back 1

Signs & Symptoms
Allergies
Medications
Past Pertinent History
Last Intake
Events Leading Up

Front 2

AVPU (letters)

Back 2

Alert
Vocal Stimuli
Pain
Unresponsive

Front 3

PEARLL (letters)

Back 3

Pupils
Equal
and
Round,
Reactive to
Light

Front 4

DCAP-BTLS (letters)

Back 4

Deformities
Contusions
Abrasions
Punctures
Burns
Tender
Lacerations
Swelling

Front 5

That Acronym I can never remember

Back 5

DCAP-BTLS

Deformities
Contusions
Abrasions
Punctures
Burns
Tender
Lacerations
Swelling

Front 6

Accessory Muscles

Back 6

The secondary muscles of respiration

Front 7

AVPU

Back 7

A method of assessing a patient's level of consciousness by determining whether a patient is Awake and alrt, responsive to Verbal stimulus or Pain, or Unrespnsive; used principally in the initial assessment.

Front 8

BSI (letters)

Back 8

Body Substance Isolation

Front 9

BSI

Back 9

An infection control concept and practice that assumes that all body fluids are potentially infectious

Front 10

breath sounds

Back 10

An indication of air movement in the lungs, usually assessed with a stethoscope.

Front 11

capillary refill

Back 11

a test that evaluates distal circulatory system function by squeezing blood from an area such as a nail bed and watching the speed of its return after releasing the pressure

Front 12

chief complaint

Back 12

The reason a patient called for help; also, the patient's response to general questions such as "What's wrong?" or "What happened?"

Front 13

coagulate

Back 13

To form a clot to plug an opening in an injured blood vessel and stop bleeding.

Front 14

conjunctiva

Back 14

The delicate membeane that lines the eye-lids and covers the exposed surface of the eye

Front 15

crepitus

Back 15

A grating or grinding sensation caused by fractured bone ends or joints rubbing together; also air bubbles under the skin that produce a crackling sound or crinkly feeling

Front 16

cyanosis

Back 16

A bluish-gray skin color that is caused by reduced levels of oxygen in the blood.

Front 17

DCAP-BTLS

Back 17

A mnemonic for assessment in which each area of the body is evaluated for Deformities, Contusions, Abrasions, Punctures/Penetrations, Burns, Tenderness, Lacerations, and Swelling.

Front 18

detailed physical exam

Back 18

The part of the assessment process in which a detailed area-by-area exam is performed on patients whose problems cannot be readily identified or when more specific information is needed about problems identified in the focused history and physical exam.

Front 19

focused history and physical exam

Back 19

The part of the assessment process in which the patient''s major complaints or any problems that are immediately evident are further and more specifically evaluated.

Front 20

frostbite

Back 20

Damage to tissues as the result of exposure to cold; frozen or partially frozen body parts.

Front 21

general impression

Back 21

The overall initial impression that determines the priority for patient care; based on the patient''s surroundings, the mechanism of injury, signs and symptoms, and the chief complaint.

Front 22

Golden Hour

Back 22

The time from injury to definitive care, during which treatment of shock or traumatic injuries should occur because survival potential is best.

Front 23

guarding

Back 23

Involuntary muscle contractions (spasm) of the abdominal wall, an effort to protect the inflamed abdomen.

Front 24

hypothermia

Back 24

A condition in which core temperature falls below 95 degrees F (35 degrees C) after exposure to a cold environment.

Front 25

initial assessment

Back 25

The part of the assessment process that helps you to identify any immediately or potentially life-threatening conditions so that you can initiate lifesaving care.

Front 26

jaundice

Back 26

A yellow skin or sclera color that is caused by liver disease or dysfunction.

Front 27

MOI (letters)

Back 27

Mechanism of Injury

Front 28

MOI

Back 28

The way in which traumatic injuries occur; the forces that act on the body to cause damage

Front 29

nasal flaring

Back 29

Flaring out of the nostrils, indicating that there is an airway obstruction

Front 30

NOI (letters)

Back 30

Nature of Illness

Front 31

NOI

Back 31

The general type of illness a patient is experiencing

Front 32

ongoing assessment

Back 32

The part of the assessment process in which problems are reevaluated and responses to treatment are assessed

Front 33

orientation

Back 33

The mental status of a patient as measured by memory of person (name), place (current location), time (current year, month), and event (what happened).

Front 34

OPQRST

Back 34

The six pain questions: Onset, Provoking factors, Quality, Radiation, Severity, Time

Front 35

palpate

Back 35

Examine by touch

Front 36

paradoxical motion

Back 36

The motion of the chest wall section that is detached in a flail chest; the motion is exactly the opposite of normal motion during breathing

Front 37

rales

Back 37

Crackling, rattling, breath sound that signlas fluid in the air spaces of the lungs; also called crackles

Front 38

responsiveness

Back 38

The way in which a patient respons to external stimuli, including verbal stimuli, tactile stimuli, and painful stimuli

Front 39

retractions

Back 39

Movements in which the skin pulls in around the ribs during inspiration

Front 40

rhonchi

Back 40

Coarse, low-pitched breath sounds heard in patients with chronic mucus in the upper airways

Front 41

SAMPLE history

Back 41

a key brief history of a patient's condition

Front 42

scene size-up

Back 42

A quick assessment of the scene and the surroundings made to provide information about its safety and the mechanism of injury or nature of illness, before you enter and begin patient care

Front 43

sclera

Back 43

The white portion of the eye; the tough outer coat that gives protection to the delicate, light-sensitive, inner layer

Front 44

stridor

Back 44

A harsh, high-pitched inspiratory sound that is often heard in acute laryngeal obstruction; may sound like crowing and be audible without a stethoscope

Front 45

subcutaneous emphysema

Back 45

The presence of air in soft tissues, causing a characteristic crackling sensation on palpation.

Front 46

Triage

Back 46

The process of establishing treatment and transportation priorities according to severity of injury and medical need

Front 47

two- to three-word dyspnea

Back 47

A severe breathing problem in which a patient can speak only two to three words at a time without pausing to take a breath