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63 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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"Posterior and inferior to the mouth and nasal passages, air enters the ____________." |
Throat or pharynx Ch. 9, pg. 192 |
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Three regions of the pharynx |
-Oropharynx -Nasopharynx -Laryngopharynx Ch. 9, pg. 192 |
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"The entry point into the larynx, called the __________, is protected by a large leaflike structure called the __________." |
-Glottic opening -Epiglottis Ch. 9, pg. 192 |
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"The larynx itself is framed and protected by ___________." |
Cartilage Ch. 9, pg. 193 |
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"The trachea is a tube protected by ____________________." |
Sixteen rings of cartilage Ch. 9, pg. 193 |
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"The top ring [protecting the trachea] is the ____________, which extends _______________." |
-Cricoid ring -Fully 360 degrees around Ch. 9, pg. 193 |
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"The trachea branches at the ________ and forms two __________." |
-Carina -Mainstem bronchi Ch. 9, pg. 193 |
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"Alveoli are tiny ________ that occur in _______________." |
-Sacs -Grapelike bunches at the end of the airway Ch. 9, pg. 193 |
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"...alveoli are surrounded by _________ capillaries." |
Pulmonary Ch. 9, pg. 193 |
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"A common obstruction in a person with a decreased mental status is the tongue--or, more precisely, _________________________." |
The epiglottis connected to the tongue Ch. 9, pg. 195 |
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"You can determine the presence of an airway in most patients by simply ______________." |
Saying hello Ch. 9, pg. 195 |
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"Stridor is typically caused by ________________." |
Severely restricted air movement in the upper airway Ch. 9, pg. 198 |
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"Snoring is the sound of ____________________." |
The soft tissue of the upper airway creating impedance (or partial obstruction) to the flow of air. Ch. 9, pg. 198 |
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"Gurgling is the sound of __________________." |
Fluid obstructing the airway Ch. 9, pg. 198 |
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"For most patients, the airway can be assessed by simply assessing their ________." |
Speech Ch. 9, pg. 198 |
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T/F: "In trauma patients, protection of the spine is paramount, even over caring for airway and breathing." |
False Ch. 9, pg. 198 |
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"Patients who are found in positions other than supine or on the ground should be moved to a ________________ for evaluation or treatment." |
Supine position on the floor or stretcher Ch. 9, pg. 198 |
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"...most airway problems are caused by __________________." |
Lack of tone in the muscles that keep the airway open Ch. 9, pg. 199 |
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"Any injury at or above the level of the shoulders indicates that __________________ may also be present." |
Head, neck, or spine injuries Ch. 9, pg. 199 |
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"...most airway problems are caused by ___________________________." |
Lack of tone in the muscles that keep the airway open Ch. 9, pg. 199 |
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Two most commonly recommended procedures for opening the airway: |
-Head-tilt-chin-lift -Jaw thrust Ch. 9, pg. 200 |
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"The most effective way to clear the patient's airway is with a(n) ______________________________." |
Wide-bore, rigid-tip Yankauer suction device Ch. 9, pg. 201 |
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"It is crucial that ____________ be ready for immediate use when opening and maintaining the airway." |
A suction unit Ch. 9, pg. 201 |
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Two most common airway adjuncts |
-Oropharyngeal airway (oral airway OPA) -Nasopharyngeal airway (nasal airway or NPA) Ch. 9, pg. 202 |
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"Use an oropharyngeal airway only on patients who do not exhibit a ____________." |
Gag reflex Ch. 9, pg. 202 |
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"Open the patient's airway _____________ before using an adjunct device." |
Manually Ch. 9, pg. 202 |
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"When inserting the airway, take care not to push ________________ into the pharynx." |
The patient's tongue Ch. 9, pg. 202 |
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"Have _______ ready prior to inserting any airway." |
Suction Ch. 9, pg. 202 |
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"Do not _____________ if the patient begins to gag." |
Continue inserting the airway Ch. 9, pg. 202 |
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"When an airway adjunct is in place, you must ___________________________ and monitor the airway." |
Maintain the head-tilt, chin-lift or jaw-thrust maneuver Ch. 9, pg. 202 |
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"After an airway adjunct is in place, continue to be ready to provide suction if _______________________." |
Fluid such as vomitus or blood obstructs the airway Ch. 9, pg. 202 |
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"If the patient regains consciousness or develops a gag reflex, ________________." |
Remove the airway immediately Ch. 9, pg. 202 |
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"To determine the appropriate size oral airway, measure the device from ___________________ to ___________________________." |
-The corner of the patient's mouth -The tip of the earlobe on the same side of the patient's face Ch. 9, pg. 203 |
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"...if an airway is too big, its distal tip will ___________________________." |
Rest close to the esophagus and direct air into the stomach. Ch. 9, pg. 203 |
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"If [an airway] is too small, it will not ________________________." |
Properly displace the tongue forward to open the airway Ch. 9, pg. 203 |
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What is the preferred method for inserting an oropharyngeal airway in an infant or child? |
Insert the airway with the tip already pointing down toward the patient's pharynx, using a tongue depressor or rigid suction tip to press the tongue down and forward to avoid obstructing the airway. Ch. 9, pg. 203 |
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"If there is a gag reflex, ____________ the airway adjunct at once by _______________." |
-Remove -Following the anatomic curvature Ch. 9, pg. 203 |
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T/F: "You do not need to rotate [an oropharyngeal airway] when removing it." |
True Ch. 9, pg. 203 |
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What type of lubricant should be used prior to inserting a nasopharyngeal airway? |
Water-based
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"Measure the nasopharyngeal airway from _________________________ to ___________________________." |
-The patient's nostril -The tip of the earlobe or to the angle of the jaw Ch. 9, pg. 205 |
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"To be effective, suction devices must furnish an air intake of at least _______________ at the open end of a collection tube." |
30 liters per minute Ch. 9, pg. 206 |
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If a suction unit can generate a vacuum of at least ___________, it will be able to furnish an air intake of at least 30 liters per minute at the open end of a collection tube. |
300 mmHg Ch. 9, pg. 206 |
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What are the suction requirements for portable suction units? Both liters per minute and mmHg are required. |
-30 liters/minute -300 mmHg
(identical to mounted suction units) Ch. 9, pg. 206 |
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"In the event of copious, thick secretions or vomiting, consider removing the rigid tip or catheter and using ________________________." |
The large-bore, rigid suction tubing Ch. 9, pg. 208 |
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"If the patient continues to vomit for longer than ten seconds...you must _____________." |
Still continue to suction Ch. 9, pg. 208 |
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"The first rule [of suctioning] is ___________________________." |
Always use appropriate infection control practices while suctioning Ch. 9, pg. 208 |
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"The second rule [of suctioning] is to ______________________________." |
Try to limit suctioning to no longer than ten sections at a time. Ch. 9, pg. 208 |
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"The third for suctioning is ___________________________." |
Place the tip or catheter where you want to begin the suctioning and suction on the way out. Ch. 9, pg. 208 |
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T/F: Suctioning can be delayed to ensure immobilization of a patient |
False Ch. 9, pg. 210 |
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T/F: It may be beneficial to manually remove large particles prior to or during suctioning |
True Ch. 9, pg. 210 |
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"Many suction units are not adequate for removing solid objects such as teeth and large particles of food or other foreign objects. These must be removed using ______________________." |
Manual techniques for clearing airway obstructions, such as abdominal thrusts, chest thrusts, or finger sweeps Ch. 9, pg. 211 |
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What should you do with dentures during airway procedures? |
Leave them in place Ch. 9, pg. 211 |
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Definition: airway |
The passageway by which air enters and leaves the body. The structures of the airway are the nose, mouth, pharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, and lungs. Ch. 9, pg. 212 |
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Definition: bronchoconstriction |
The contraction of smooth muscle that lines the bronchial passages that results in a decreased internal diameter of the airway and increased resistance to airflow Ch. 9, pg. 212 |
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Definition: gag reflex |
Vomiting or retching that results when something is placed in the back of the pharynx. This is tied to the swallow reflex. Ch. 9, pg. 212 |
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Definition: head-tilt, chin-lift maneuver |
A means of correcting blockage of the airway by the tongue by tilting the head back and lifting the chin. Used when no trauma, or injury, is suspected. Ch. 9, pg. 212 |
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Definition: jaw-thrust maneuver |
A means of correcting blockage of the airway by moving the jaw forward without tilting the head or neck. Used when trauma, or injury, is suspected to open the airway without causing further injury to the spinal cord in the neck Ch. 9, pg. 212 |
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Definition: nasopharyngeal airway |
A flexible breathing tube inserted through the patient's nostril into the pharynx to help maintain an open airway Ch. 9, pg. 212 |
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Definition: oropharyngeal airway |
A curved device inserted through the patient's mouth into the pharynx to help maintain an open airway Ch. 9, pg. 212 |
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Definition: patent airway |
An airway (passage from nose or mouth to lungs) that is open and clear without interference to the passage of air into and out of the body Ch. 9, pg. 212 |
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Definition: stridor |
A high-pitched sound generated from partially obstructed airflow in the upper airway Ch. 9, pg. 212 |
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Definition: suctioning |
Use of a vacuum device to remove blood, vomitus, and other secretions or foreign materials from the airway. Ch. 9, pg. 212 |
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Practice Question 9.1: Name the main structures of the airway |
Mouth, nose, tongue, nasopharynx, oropharynx, hypopharynx, glottis, trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli Ch. 9, pg. 212 |
